大数据存储中的容错关键技术综述

不断增长的海量数据需要被可靠存储,而分布式存储系统庞大的节点规模和数据规模,大大提升了发生节点失效的概率,容错技术成为大数据存储中不可忽视的关键技术.文中介绍了数据容错的两种基本策略：复制和纠删码,并分别总结了将这两种容错策略具体应用于大数据存储时所面对的问题和相关解决技术,如与基于复制的容错技术相关的副本系数设置、副本放置策略、副本一致性策略、副本修复策略和纠删码领域的再生码技术等.     

“新陈代谢先起源”和“复制先起源”假说研究进展

“新陈代谢先起源”假说认为新陈代谢的出现先于（或同时）模板复制能力的出现。“复制先起源”假说则认为前生物合成的有机化合物能够通过非生物自发聚合形成具有自我复制能力的遗传信息系统,并逐渐拥有了“新陈代谢”能力。针对这个“生命起源”研究中的“鸡”-“蛋”悖论所涉及的一些问题进行了系统的综述。     

基于Chord网络模型的改进数据复制方法

根据现有复制策略在局部节点故障时数据查找失败率高的缺点,提出一种针对Chord网络的数据复制方法——Rd-Chord(rearranged replication method based on Chord).利用离散存储的方法,将数据复制到Chord覆盖网根节点前继相对分散的节点中,即使某个甚至几个区域节点全部故障,其他区域依然有数据副本可供使用.同时,为了维护网络结构和key迁移,针对Rd-Chord提出基础更新和定期更新2种更新策略.为了验证该方法的优越性,通过计算机仿真对前继复制、后继复制和Rd-Chord方法进行了大量的比较实验.实验结果表明,Rd-Chord方法能够解决节点区域性故障问题,在保证平均查找效率的前提下,查找失败率降低了近10％,明显优于其他方法.     

Chk1 prevents abnormal mitosis of S-phase HeLa cells containing DNA damage

To explore effects of DNA damage on cell-cycle progression in p53-deficient tumor cells, synchronized HeLa cells at G1, S and G2/M phases were treated with methyl methanesulfnate （MMS）. The results showed that the MMS treatment resulted in the cell-cycle arrest or delay in all 3 phases, while the S-phase cells were the most sensitive to MMS. Further studies demonstrated that ATM-Chk2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways were activated in all 3 phases when the cells were treated with MMS; whereas Chk1 was activated only in S phase under the drug treatment, indicating that Chk1 specifically participated in S-phase checkpoints. To analyze the role of Chk1 in S-phase checkpoints, we administered a specific Chk1 inhibitor, UCN-01, to the S-phase cells. The results showed that the S-phase cells treated with MMS＋UCN-01 could enter aberrant mitosis without finishing DNA replication, indicating that Chk1 mainly functions in the DNA damage checkpoint rather than in the replication checkpoint. In addition, MMS treatment alone inhibited the accumulation of cyclin B1, a key component of M-phase CDK-cyclin complex, in the S-phase cells, whereas the inhibition of Chk1 activation resulted in the accumulation of cyclin B1 in the MMS-treated S-phase cells. This observation further supports the view that DNA-damaged S-phase cells enter abnormal mitosis when Chk1 activation is inhibited. Our results demonstrate that Chk1 is a specific kinase that plays an important role in the MMS-induced S-phase DNA damage checkpoint. As p53 is not involved in this process, Chk1 may be a potential target for p53-deficient tumor therapy.     

整车道路模拟试验台的控制算法研究

介绍多输入多输出系统时域波形再现(TWR)过程,给出基于频率响应函数(FRF)模型的系统辨识方法以及基于频域迭代自学习控制(ILC)算法的目标信号迭代具体流程.针对整车道路模拟试验台控制算法软件的开发,提出在迭代过程中对信号进行适当重叠分段的频域迭代自学习控制算法.通过现有的四通道整车道路模拟试验台,在真实环境中成功实现了对某样车各车轮轴头处垂向加速度的时域波形再现.结果表明,该算法精度较高,能够作为试验台的控制算法.     

基于时域波形再现技术的车架焊缝疲劳寿命研究

为从试车场载荷谱中提取动载荷以准确预测车架焊缝疲劳寿命,采集试验车辆关键位置在试车场道路的时域载荷;对车架柔性化处理后,利用动力学分析软件LMS Virtual Lab搭建整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型;基于时域波形再现技术,对目标信号进行虚拟迭代,求得目标位置垂向位移驱动信号;将驱动信号输入整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,分解关键连接点的动态载荷谱;基于线性疲劳累积损伤理论和Volvo法,结合目标连接点的动态载荷谱,预测目标位置焊缝的疲劳寿命;通过优化第三横梁和纵梁的连接形式使焊缝疲劳寿命提升近4倍。     

关于舟曲特大泥石流灾害的反思

什么是泥石流,为什么舟曲会发生特大泥石流灾害,泥石流灾害可以预报吗,可以防治吗,这些都是人们所十分 关切的问题。本文在灾害发生后的反思中,提出了一些个人见解,供读者参考。     

一种定时备份系统的设计与实现

网络备份系统可以保证在灾难发生后,远地存储设备上仍有本地数据的一份或多份拷贝.将本地数据复制到远地存储设备是网络备份系统的主要功能.本文设计并实现了一种定时网络备份系统,该系统使用了带有监控的数据复制方法.方法通过监测业务期间数据卷上数据的变化,将比较数据所花费的开销分布到业务期间内.通过试验表明,该方法可以有效地减少系统备份所需的时间.     

Direct competition Between mimosine and deoxythymidine triphosphate at the site of DNA replication

Mimosine, a plant amino acid, is a reversible cell cycle inhibitor. Biochemical studies have indicated that mimosine may act at multiple levels near the Gl/S interface. By using mi-croinjection technique, it is shown that mimosine can also inhibit the replication of Xenopus ribo-some DNA (rDNA) plasmid reversibly. The high structure similarity between mimosine and thymine of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) indicates that a direct competition may occur at the origin of DNA replication to prevent the chain elongation.     

数据复制在装备保障指控系统中的应用与实现

简要介绍了SQLServer2000数据复制技术,并结合装备保障指控系统的实际情况,给出了数据复制在系统中的设计方案。