The ubiquitin-specific protease USP25 interacts with three sarcomeric proteins

The biological functions of the more than one hundred genes coding for deubiquitinating enzymes in the human genome remain mostly unknown. The USP25 gene, located at 21q11.2, encodes three protein isoforms produced by alternative splicing. While two of the isoforms are expressed nearly ubiquituously, the expression of the longer USP25 isoform (USP25m) is restricted to muscular tissues and is upregulated during myogenesis. USP25m interacts with three sarcomeric proteins: actin alpha-1 (ACTA1), filamin C (FLNC), and myosin binding protein C1 (MyBPC1), which are critically involved in muscle differentiation and maintenance, and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe myopathies. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that MyBPC1 is a short-lived proteasomal substrate, and its degradation is prevented by over-expression of USP25m but not by other USP25 isoforms. In contrast, ACTA1 and FLNC appear to be stable proteins, indicating that their interaction with USP25m is not related to their turnover rate. Received 7 November 2005; received after revision 7 January 2006; accepted 13 January 2006     

中草药在提取中影响澄明度因素的分析

本文根据生物化学、物理化学的原理。讨论了中草药在提取中影响浸出液质量和澄明度的5种主要因素。     

碱性蛋白酶交联聚集体的制备及其催化性能研究

碱性蛋白酶在食品、医药、酿造、丝绸、皮革等行业中发挥着重要作用。制备了碱性蛋白酶交联体,并对其催化性能进行研究。在最佳制备条件下(90%叔丁醇作为沉淀剂,沉淀时间为15min,交联剂浓度为33mmol/L,交联时间为6h),交联酶的酶活回收率为22.6%。与游离酶相比,交联酶的最适pH值向碱性方向变化,由7.5变为8.0,最适温度由60℃变成65℃。酶动力学研究表明,交联酶对酪蛋白的催化水解能力(4.3min-1)比游离酶(3.7min-1)更高。尽管交联酶最大反应速度V_max(9.8mg/(mL·min))低于游离酶(13.3mg/(mL·min)),但交联酶对底物的亲和力K_m(2.3mg/mL)比游离酶(3.6mg/mL)有所增加,而且其热稳定性和酸碱稳定性都得到一定程度的提高。另外,在磷酸盐缓冲液中重复使用5和8批次后,交联酶还能保持82.5%和56.5%的酶活性。     

A novel fibrinolytic enzyme (nattokinase) in the vegetable cheese Natto; a typical and popular soybean food in the Japanese diet

Summary A strong fibrinolytic activity was demonstrated in the vegetable cheese Natto, which is a typical soybean food eaten in Japan. The average activity was calculated at about 40 CU (plasmin units)/g wet weight. This novel fibrinolytic enzyme, named nattokinase, was easily extracted with saline. The mol. wt and pI were about 20,000 and 8.6, respectively. Nattokinase not only digested fibrin but also the plasmin substrate H-D-Val-Leu-Lys-pNA (S-2251), which was more sensitive to the enzyme than other substrates tried. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate and 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl-o,o-dimethylphosphate strongly inhibited this fibrinolytic enzyme.     

蛋白酶抑制剂在肿瘤治疗中的作用研究

蛋白酶及其抑制剂是非常重要的信号分子,涉及多个关键的人体生理代谢途径,在体内受到严格的调控.蛋白酶抑制剂活性的紊乱可导致多种疾病,诸如心血管和炎症疾病、癌症和神经系统障碍等.已知蛋白酶在肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移过程中扮演着重要的角色.细胞外基质和基底膜重塑是癌细胞侵袭转移过程中的关键环节,这个过程需多个蛋白水解酶的表达和激活.蛋白酶抑制剂的应用在一定程度上可减少由蛋白酶水解引起的肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移,且它的抑制作用具有不同程度的特异性,可以减缓肿瘤恶性发展的进程.文章对蛋白酶及其抑制剂的靶向治疗药物及临床应用研究进展进行了综述.     

数学的三个世界及理论探析

具体化、符号化、形式化被称为数学的三个世界.该理论是以认知主义、建构主义为基础,融合了认知科学、新皮亚杰主义而形成的认知发展理论.该理论重新解释了认知形成和发展过程,说明了抽象知识是相互转化的,主张用联结主义教学模式.     

中性蛋白酶修饰条件的优化

以氰脲酰氯活化的单甲氧基聚乙二醇5000(mPEG 5000)对中性蛋白酶进行化学修饰,并研究其修饰条件对修饰率的影响.正交试验结果表明,mPEG 5000修饰中性蛋白酶的最佳条件为pH值7、修饰温度45℃、酶质量浓度1.8g/L、反应时间5.5h,此条件下修饰率可达到51.9%,为下一步研究修饰中性蛋白酶的酶学性质提供了理论依据.     

碱性蛋白酶产生菌黄假单孢菌的分离、鉴定和产酶条件研究

从湖北黄石市的土样中分离到一种黄色假单孢菌,它产生碱性中温度白酶,酶活为１．０７＊１０＾－６ｍｏｌ．ｓ＾－１,该菌的最适产酶时间为４８－６０ｈ,最适产酶ＰＨ值为１１．０,最适产酶温度为３０－３５℃。该菌对氨苄青霉素和硫酸链霉素每天则对壮观霉素有抗性。     

一株产碱性蛋白酶菌株的分离与鉴定

从黄石市土壤中分离到一株产碱性蛋白酶的革兰氏阴性杆菌,不产芽抱,具美膜．能在ｐＨ９－１１条件下生长、产酶．产酶最适ｐＨ值为９,最适温度为３７℃,适发酵时间为３６ｈ．发酵产酶量为４５．０Ｕ·ｍＬ－１根据实验结果,该菌株鉴定为毛状假单抱菌Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ　ｌａｓｉａ．