The neurotrophic receptor TrkB: a drug target in anti-cancer therapy?

Increasing evidence implies altered signaling through the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB in promoting tumor formation and metastasis. TrkB, sometimes in conjunction with its primary ligand BDNF, is often overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, ranging from neuroblastomas to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, in which it may allow tumor expansion and contribute to resistance to anti-tumor agents. In vitro, TrkB acts as a potent suppressor of anoikis (detachment-induced apoptosis), which is associated with the acquisition of an aggressive tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype in vivo. In view of its predicted contribution to tumorigenicity and metastasis in humans, TrkB corresponds to a potential drug target, and preclinical models have already been established. The encouraging results of pharmacological Trk inhibitors in tumor xenograft models suggest that TrkB inhibition may represent a promising novel anti-tumor therapeutic strategy. This hypothesis is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we will discuss the latest developments on TrkB in these contexts as well as highlight some critical questions that remain to be addressed for evaluating TrkB as a therapeutic target in cancer. Received 12 October 2005; received after revision 19 December 2005; accepted 11 January 2006     

关于知青口述史

传统史学以文献利用为主 ,口述方法的运用 ,对包括知青史在内的当代史研究具有重要意义。它可以补史、证史 ,可以改变极少数人垄断话语权的状况 ,从而深化对历史的认知。但口述也包含各种不真实成分。除了遗忘造成的失忆 ,选择性记忆起着至关重要的作用。科学的办法是使口述方法与文献方法相得益彰 ,以最大限度接近历史的真实。     

一个关于癌转移的数学模型

把癌生长看作癌细胞和正常细胞相互竞争的过程。把生态学中的Ｌｏｔｋａ－Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ模型和我们提出的单竞争因子模型用于癌生长和转移的理论研究。着重分析了癌转移阶段的侵害性和器官特异性。在单竞争因子模型中，“最低资源需求量”是唯一的竞争因子，癌细胞具有低于正常细胞的最低资源需求量，是它在竞争中获胜的原因。由于参与竞争两种群的最低资源需求量不仅由它们本身的细胞性质，而且由它们的相互作用决定，所以癌转移表现出对某些器官的特异性。     

一种基于决策树的乳腺癌计算机辅助诊断新方法

选取500例乳腺癌病例为数据样本，每个样本由9个细针吸取细胞学指标组成，将样本随机分为训练集和测试集，然后利用决策树方法从训练集中学习得到诊断模型，经测试集测试．结果表明决策树的诊断准确率高迭97．33％，灵敏度和特异度分别为98．28％和96．74％．因此，决策树是一种简便可行的计算机辅助诊断方法．     

Effects of Genistein and Daidzein on the Proliferation, Invasion, Migration and Adhesion of Melanoma Cells

IntroductionGenistein and daidzein (Fig.1 ) ,two majorisoflavonoids in soybeans,were reported to playimportant roles in cancer prevention[1 ,2 ] .Previousstudies demonstrated that genistein and daidzeininhibited the growth of leukemia,breast,colonand prostate cancers[38] .Our earlier studies alsodemonstrated that daidzein enhanced the immunefunction in mice[9,1 0 ] . These functions madegenistein and daidzein promising candidates forcancer prevention. However,it is usually themetastatic disse…     

Multiple Suppressive Effects of a Protein from Caesalpinia minax on Murine Melanoma Cells

IntroductionIn recent years,a great deal of attention hasfocused on finding potential anti- tumor agentsfrom natural sources[14 ] .A vast number ofpromising candidate molecules,especiallycomponents extracted from plants,have beenevaluated[59] .　 Herbs have a long history of use as Chinesetraditional medicine.Caesalpinia minax (C.minax) is a wild plantin Yunnan Province,China.The high level of ultraviolet radiation in thistropical province causes widespread skin diseases inthis area.Extract…     

肿瘤病人红细胞膜唾液酸和岩藻糖含量的研究

本文测定健康人66例,胃癌、肺癌、肝癌病人共64例的红细胞膜唾液酸和岩藻糖含量。发现健康人上述两项指标没有性别和年龄的差异。与健康组比较,各癌症组红细胞膜唾液酸显著增多(p<0.001),而岩藻糖显著减少(p<0.001),但含量较分散、与健康者重叠较大。红细胞膜唾液酸与岩藻糖之比、各癌症组都高于健康组(p<0.001);以高于健康组M+2SD 者为阳性,则胃癌组、肺癌组和肝癌组的阳性率分别为79.2％,95.0％和80.0％,对肿瘤理论研究和临床诊断颇有价值。     

GC/MS法测定尿中的8-羟基脱氧鸟苷

利用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)法测定尿中的8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8OHdG)含量.根据MS的定性结果,强峰m/z 383对应的碱基 1(B 1)为8OHdG的特征离子峰.利用选择性离子扫描方式(SIM)进行定量分析,测定结果重复性较好,整个分析流程的系内相对标准偏差为4.23%,系间相对标准偏差为8.25%.该方法的检测限可达0.5 nmol/L,线性范围为5~10 000 nmol/L.分析尿样的相对标准偏差为5.12%,并测定了正常人和癌症病人尿中8OHdG的排放水平,癌症病人尿中8OHdG的排放水平明显高于正常人.     

大学英语期末口语测试及其反拨作用的研究

语言教学的最终目标是培养学生以书面或口头方式进行交流的能力，语言测试是衡量外语教学成效和提高外语教学质量的重要手段。本文结合长春大学大学英语期末口语测试的探索与实践，对如何提高大学英语期末口语测试反拨作用的正面影响提出建议。     

ICP-MS分析复方甘草口服溶液中15种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定复方甘草口服溶液中15种元素(Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Sn、Sb、Ba、Hg、Pb、Al、Fe)。样品经微波消解后,根据待测元素的质量数选择相应元素作为内标,采用碰撞模式(氦模式)进行测定。结果显示,15种元素线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,各元素的检出限在0.08～38.00ng·mL~(-1),回收率在88.57%～107.10%(n=6)。该方法操作简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,线性范围宽,可同时测定多种元素,适用于复方甘草口服溶液中元素的测定。