重楼活性单体PP-26抑制结肠癌SW620细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡

目的:探讨重楼活性单体PP-26对人结肠癌SW620细胞增殖抑制作用及其机制.方法:采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法和克隆形成抑制实验观察不同浓度的重楼单体PP-26对人结肠癌SW620细胞增殖抑制作用;PI单染及Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化及细胞凋亡水平;Western blotting检测PP-26对细胞周期、细胞凋亡相关蛋白以及Akt和ERK蛋白的表达.结果:与正常肝LO2细胞相比,重楼单体PP-26能显著抑制SW620细胞的生长,作用呈剂量-效应关系;随着PP-26浓度的增加,细胞克隆形成逐渐减少,与细胞对照组相比有显著差异;不同浓度PP-26作用后,细胞阻滞于G1期;PP-26作用细胞24 h后,CDK4、CDK6表达下降,P15、cyclin D1表达增加;不同浓度PP-26作用后,细胞晚期凋亡率增加,随浓度增加有上升趋势;PP-26作用细胞24 h后,线粒体相关凋亡信号通路蛋白Caspase-9、Caspase-3表达下降,PARP切割条带增加,细胞促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达增加,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Bcl-x L减少,p-Akt和p-ERK蛋白表达均下降.结论:重楼活性单体PP-26通过上调p15促进结肠癌SW620细胞阻滞于G1期,通过抑制P13K/Akt信号通路及ERK信号通路,活化线粒体凋亡通路,诱导细胞凋亡.     

靶向survivin基因的shRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其对膀胱癌EJ细胞凋亡的影响

目的:构建survivin基因特异性shRNA慢病毒干扰载体,转染膀胱癌EJ细胞,研究survivin基因在膀胱癌细胞株中的表达抑制情况,观察survivin shRNA慢病毒载体对EJ细胞凋亡的影响.方法:以survivin基因为靶标设计shRNA干扰序列,克隆至p SIH1-H1-cop GFP慢病毒载体.干扰载体鉴定正确后转染膀胱癌细胞株EJ细胞,荧光显微镜下观察GFP表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测survivin基因mRNA含量变化,Western blotting法检测survivin蛋白表达,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测EJ细胞凋亡情况.结果:PCR扩增鉴定、DNA测序证实survivin慢病毒干扰载体构建成功;EJ细胞经干扰载体处理后,EJ细胞survivin基因mRNA水平下调了73.33%,蛋白表达受到显著抑制,EJ细胞凋亡率达到24.39%.结论:成功构建了靶向survivin基因的shRNA重组慢病毒干扰载体,可以显著降低转染细胞survivin基因的表达水平,并有效提高膀胱癌细胞凋亡率.     

157例妊娠期妇女口腔疾病的回顾性分析

目的总结分析妊娠期女性口腔疾病的临床特点和治疗方法,探索治疗方法。方法通过回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年12月口腔科治疗的157名妊娠患者临床资料,对疾病病因、诊断、治疗等进行分析。结果妊娠期牙周炎73例;妊娠期牙龈炎10例;冠周炎32例;牙髓炎和根尖炎患者42例。结论妊娠期口腔疾病以牙周炎比例最高,以冠周炎临床症状较重。孕妇口腔疾病容易引起早产,应重视孕前检查。     

近红外荧光染料对胃癌细胞的特异性识别*

测试近红外荧光(near infrared fluorescence,NIRF)染料IR-783对胃癌细胞的特异性识别。将转染荧光素酶luciferase的人胃癌传代细胞SGC-7901皮下移植于裸鼠,7 d后分别使用NIRF染料IR-783和荧光素酶底物进行活体荧光成像和生物发光,测定肿瘤部位ROI(region of interest)值,连续检测并绘制NIRF强度与生物发光强度相关性曲线;选择前期建立的胃癌PDX(patient-derived tumor xenografs,PDX)模型免疫组织化学检测肿瘤组织中CEA与CK8/18的表达,确定移植瘤与原发肿瘤病理学一致性;将SGC-7901细胞和来自PDX模型的胃癌细胞分别培养24 h,分别加入线粒体示踪剂(mito-tracker)或溶酶体示踪剂(lyso-tracker),30 min后加入IR-783染料,在荧光显微镜下观察近IR-783染料在胃癌细胞中的结合部位;将正常胃上皮细胞分别与转染GFP的SGC-7901细胞和来自PDX模型的胃癌细胞共培养24 h后,加入IR-783染料,在荧光显微镜下观察近IR-783染料对胃癌细胞的特异性识别。活体成像结果显示,IR-783染料能够特异性的聚集于人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤部位;NIRF强度与luciferase强度的相关性达99%以上;PDX肿瘤与原发肿瘤中CEA与CK8/18表达均呈强阳性;荧光显微镜下检测到NIRF染料不仅能够特异性识别传代胃癌细胞,同时也能识别来自PDX模型的肿瘤细胞,并优先集聚在肿瘤细胞的线粒体与溶酶体中。近红外荧光染料IR-783能够特异性识别胃癌细胞,可用于胃癌模型的成像研究,是肿瘤治疗的一种潜在工具。     

肺癌67例分析

通过６７例肺癌分析，对肺癌高危人群定期肺部Ｘ线检查，可提高无症状肺癌的发现，在社会群体中大力宣传肺癌临床症状，提高对肺癌临床状的认识，达到早期发现，早期就诊。医务工作者在高危人群出现肺部症状不要满足常风病的诊断，应高度警惕肺癌的可能性，对少风肺癌的临床症状不要轻易的考虑其他病变，以错过对肺癌的诊断，普通Ｘ线检查是最有效、又方便又廉价的检查方法。     

The molecular basis and clinical aspects of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a classic, but not widely known hereditary trait. Its clinical hallmarks are intestinal hamartomatous polyposis and melanin pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes. In addition, PJS predisposes to cancer . The most common malignancies are small intestinal, colorectal, stomach and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Other cancer types that probably occur in excess in PJS families include breast and uterine cervical cancer, as well as testicular and ovarian sex cord tumors. The relative risk of cancer may be as high as 18 times that of the general population, and the cancer patients' prognosis is reduced. Recently, the predisposing locus was mapped to 19p13.3 using a novel method. Subsequently, the causative gene was shown to be LKB1 (a.k.a. STK11), a serine/threonine kinase of unknown function. Although preliminary reports seem to suggest a minor role for LKB1 in sporadic tumorigenesis, further investigations are needed. Received 12 October 1998; received after revision 30 November 1998; accepted 30 November 1998     

口服胰岛素载体的研究进展

对于糖尿病病人而言,胰岛素给药的传统途径是通过皮下注射给药.多次反复的注射会给糖尿病病人带来巨大的痛苦.而胰岛素的口服给药具有巨大的优越性,可以极大的降低患者的注射痛苦.胰岛素作为蛋白质的一种,若口服给药将被人体蛋白酶分解.因此,选择装载胰岛素的载体的材料将非常重要.本文将从多聚糖,高分子纳米材料,脂质体和囊泡,凝胶等四种载体简单概述当前胰岛素药物载体的研究现状.     

超声检查在下段食管癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨超声检查在下段食管癌诊断中的应用价值。方法用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对12例下段食管癌患者进行超声检查。对其超声声像图进行分析，与食管胃镜组织学结果进行对照。结果超声显示全部病例均有食管下段壁不规则增厚、层次消失、黏膜层凹凸不平、不同程度的僵硬感等，有4例患者浆膜层连续性中断，病灶向外直接浸润，7例患者食道下段食管胃交界区同时累及，3例发现肝转移，4例后腹膜间隙淋巴结肿大。结论超声检查能在食管癌诊断中发挥一定的作用，尤其是对于食管胃镜检查难以进镜的食管癌，超声检查有其独到的优势，只要掌握正确的检查方法，耐心细致的操作就能为临床提供重要的诊断依据。     

The neurotrophic receptor TrkB: a drug target in anti-cancer therapy?

Increasing evidence implies altered signaling through the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB in promoting tumor formation and metastasis. TrkB, sometimes in conjunction with its primary ligand BDNF, is often overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, ranging from neuroblastomas to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, in which it may allow tumor expansion and contribute to resistance to anti-tumor agents. In vitro, TrkB acts as a potent suppressor of anoikis (detachment-induced apoptosis), which is associated with the acquisition of an aggressive tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype in vivo. In view of its predicted contribution to tumorigenicity and metastasis in humans, TrkB corresponds to a potential drug target, and preclinical models have already been established. The encouraging results of pharmacological Trk inhibitors in tumor xenograft models suggest that TrkB inhibition may represent a promising novel anti-tumor therapeutic strategy. This hypothesis is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we will discuss the latest developments on TrkB in these contexts as well as highlight some critical questions that remain to be addressed for evaluating TrkB as a therapeutic target in cancer. Received 12 October 2005; received after revision 19 December 2005; accepted 11 January 2006