中低Reynolds数泡状流变形气泡升力的实验研究

为研究气泡变形对泡状流中气泡升力的影响,基于Mei给出的球形颗粒升力公式,根据竖直圆管Poiseuille流场中气泡(颗粒)所受升力与壁面力平衡的原理,通过实验研究了竖直圆管Poiseuille流场中在14.2＜Re＜68.0、0.76＜Eo＜5.45、0.01＜Ca＜0.19条件下气泡和轻颗粒的运动,并进行了对比分析.得到相同条件下等当量直径的气泡和颗粒所受升力之比,进而获得了气泡的升力经验关系式.该关系式能够准确描述高粘度液体中变形气泡的升力,但描述负升力和低粘度液体中气泡升力的准确性还有待进一步验证.     

Preparation of 3-D porous fibroin scaffolds by freeze drying with treatment of methanol solutions

In this study, silk scaffolds with appropriate porous structures were prepared by adjusting solution concentrations and providing treatment with methanol solutions in the way of freeze drying. The effects of the preparation conditions on the microstructures and properties of the scaffolds were discussed. Fibroin solutions with different concentrations of 4, 6, 8, 10 wt% were used respectively to prepare the scaffolds. The effects of the addition of 20 vol% methanol before or after freeze drying to the 4 wt% fibroin solution were investigated. As demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the fib-roin scaffolds prepared without methanol had porous microstructures composed of thin sheets, and the sizes of the pores decreased with the increase of the fibroin solution concentrations, while the scaffolds prepared in the presence of methanol showed porous microstructures formed by fine-particle aggregates. The porosities and mechanical properties of the prepared fibroin scaffolds under different conditions were tested. The crystalline structures and conformations of the fibroin scaffolds were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).     

Z_q上的1生成准扭码

运用Galois环和Hensel提升的相关知识给出了多项式xn-λ(其中,λ∈Zq,q=pk,p为素数)在Zq[x]中的不可约分解方法,证明了Zq上的常循环码等价于Zq的某一Galois扩环上的循环码,并在此基础上给出了Zq上的常循环码及1生成准扭码的相关性质.     

Graphene meets biology

Graphene features a shining star in the material sciences since its discovery in 2004. Biomedical application of graphene-family materials has been driven recently. In this paper, we overviewed the cutting-edge research in the biomedical application of graphene-based biomaterials, such as bio-sensing and bio-imaging, drug/gene delivery and scaffold for tissue engineering. We emphasized on the effect of graphene substrates on cellular behaviors of adhesion, proliferation~ and differentiation. The develop- ment of three-dimensional scaffolds based on graphene- based nanomaterials and the potential of these constructs in tissue engineering are discussed. The perspectives and challenges are also addressed.     

三种网孔结构组织工程肌腱支架增强体的性能

以聚乙交酯(PGA)复丝和聚丙交酯(PLA)复丝为原料进行合股编织,分别采用小口径圆纬机和手工编织的方法,制得纬平、方形和菱形3种网孔结构的组织工程肌腱支架增强体.探讨了3种支架增强体的延伸性、孔隙率、孔径、强力等性能,并研究了8星期体外降解试验过程中支架增强体的断裂强力、质量损失、厚度、口径及孔隙率等性能的变化规律.结果表明:方形网孔结构的支架增强体延伸性最小、孔隙率和孔径最大;3种支架增强体在降解过程中,前3星期断裂强力急剧下降,厚度有所增加;降解4~6星期后支架的质量损失显著增大,厚度迅速减小;孔隙率在降解过程中呈先减小后增大趋势,在3~4星期时孔隙率值最小;手工编织支架增强体的口径在降解过程中无明显变化,而纬平支架增强体的口径在降解前3星期逐渐减小,3星期后又逐渐增大.     

筒仓封顶高脚手架施工

主要探讨了圆形筒仓内部超高钢管脚手架计算和施工方法，以在仓顶板混凝土浇筑过程中保证脚手架受力均匀，防止过大的偏心荷载。     

一种电梯群控系统的模糊逻辑描述

建立计算机电梯群控系统的核心是建立专家系统和模糊规则.电梯交通分析已由统计学特性描述进入动态特性(即模糊特性)描述,因此把模糊学理论用于电梯交通分析已成为当务之急.本文关于电梯群控系统的模糊逻辑描述的研究是建立电梯群控专家系统和模糊规则的基础.     

旋转圆柱层流绕流出现二次不稳定现象的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法,计算了旋转圆柱在层流状态下流场随雷诺数和转速的变化.针对旋转圆柱在均匀流中引起的涡脱落以及二次不稳定现象,进行了分析.选取雷诺数为Re=60,80,100,130,160,240时,将圆柱的转速一直增大,直到流场第二次达到稳定状态.比较了圆柱的旋转在流场达到第一次及第二次不稳定状态时对其表面的气动力、涡量以及周围流场影响的不同.计算结果表明,低转速下,流场出现初次不稳定状态时,雷诺数为Re=60,80,100,130,160,240,所对应的临界转速比分别为α=1.40,1.70,1.80,1.85,1.90,1.95;随着转速的升高,流场再次出现不稳定状态,所对应的转速比区间分别为5.1< α < 5.6,4.9< α < 5.4,4.6< α < 5.2,4.4< α < 5.0,4.3< α < 4.9,4.2< α < 4.7.      

微通道中颗粒惯性聚集的力学特性

为揭示微通道内悬浮颗粒惯性聚集现象的机理,基于相对运动原理,利用数值方法研究了单个球形颗粒在方形微通道中的运动状况,并对颗粒的受力特性进行分析.研究发现:较小粒径的颗粒在较高通道雷诺数下可产生惯性聚集现象,但其受到的惯性升力在通道截面横向位置分布具有很大的波动性;惯性聚集位置随通道雷诺数的增大向通道壁面移动,随颗粒粒径的增大向通道轴心移动;颗粒旋转产生的旋转诱导惯性升力使惯性聚集位置向通道壁面移动.惯性升力分为旋转诱导升力和由剪切诱导升力及壁面诱导升力合成的非旋转诱导升力,而后者是惯性升力的决定性部分.     

构建学习支架视角下高职课堂教学的创新与实践——以《商务英语翻译》课堂创新为例

课堂创新是高等职业教育教学改革中不容忽视的重要内容，也是提高高等职业教育教学质量的落脚点。以《商务英语翻译》课程为例，探讨教师从教学内容、教学方法和教学管理方面开展课堂创新，积极为学生构建各种学习支架，有效延展课堂教学，使学生能够有效地进行知识和技能的内化，从而提升学生的翻译能力、思维能力、创新能力和职业素养。