Morphological properties of nociceptive and non-nociceptive neurons in primary somatic cerebral cortex (SI) of cat

With the techniques of intracellular recording and labelling, we investigated pain sensation and modulation of the somatic cortical cortex at the neuron’s level. After observing the evoked potentials from stimulating the saphenous nerves (SN) of 654 neurons in SI area of the cats, we labelled 30 of the neurons with Neurobiotin to preserve the distribution and the morphologic characteristics of the neurons in the cortex. Based on the tridimensional reconstruction in addition to the eletrophysiological functions, we found clear morphological distinctions between nociceptive and non-nociceptive neurons (P＜0.01). This result provided new experimental material to illustrate the function of nociceptive neurons in somatosensory cortex (SI) and presented further evidence to support the “specificity theory” of pain sensation in terms of morphology.     

Freeze-induced shrinkage of individual cells and cell-to-cell propagation of intracellular ice in cell chains from salivary glands

The formation of intracellular ice (IIF), usually a lethal event to be avoided when cryopreserving cells, should, however, be enforced during the cryosurgical destruction of tumour cells. IIF has been investigated so far only in single cells in suspension. Because cells in tissues cannot be successfully cryopreserved, in contrast to single cells in suspension, the mechanism of IIF in tissues may depend on factors that facilitate IIF. We studied IIF in cell strands from salivary glands, which represent a simple form of a tissue. Their cells are connected by channels responsible for intercellular communication. A substantial fraction of cell dehydration during freezing occurs before cells are encapsulated by ice, and the degree of this pre-ice-front shrinkage appears to influence IIF. In strands with coupled cells IIF spread from one cell to adjacent cells in a sequential manner with short delays (200–300 ms), suggesting cell-to-cell propagation via intercellular channels. In strands pretreated with decoupling agents (dinitrophenol, heptanol), sequential IIF was absent. Instead, formation of ice was random, with longer and variable delays between consecutive darkenings indicating IIF. Results suggest that the mechanism of IIF spread, and consequently the degree of cryodamage in tissue, can be influenced by the presence of intercellular channels (gap junctions).     

裂褶菌胞内和胞外多糖的组成及几种理化性质的分析

裂褶多糖(schizophyllan)是从一种担子菌--裂褶菌Schizophyllum commune Fr.菌丝体和发酵液所产生的多糖,深层发酵培养5天后,菌丝体用热水提取,提取液用乙醇沉淀,得胞内粗多糖,发酵液用乙醇直接沉淀,得胞外粗多糖。多糖粗品经Sevag法脱蛋白,活性炭脱色,流水透析,乙醇沉淀,真空干燥.通过纸层析,薄层层析,紫外光谱,红外光谱等分析技术表明裂褶菌胞内和胞外多糖均为一中性含有蛋白的β—糖苷键葡聚糖. 裂褶多糖是一种免疫活性多糖,对动物肿瘤的生长具有明显的抑制作用.对抗菌素有增效作用,能提高抗菌素效价和降低付作用.此外对绿脓杆菌有较强的拮抗活性。     

Receptor and nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatases in the nervous system

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have emerged as a new class of signaling molecules that play important roles in the development and function of the central nervous system. They include both tyrosine-specific and dual-specific phosphatases. Based on their cellular localization they are also classified as receptor-like or intracellular PTP. However, the intracellular mechanisms by which these PTPs regulate cellular signaling pathways are not well understood. Evidence gathered to date provides some insight into the physiological function of these PTPs in the nervous system. In this review, we outline what is currently known about the functional role of PTPs expressed in the brain.Received 31 March 2003; received after revision 7 May 2003; accepted 22 May 2003     

白腐菌降解氯代酚类化合物的特性研究

研究了Mn^2＋对白腐菌（Phanerochanete chrysosporium）产生的过氧化物酶（MnP和LiP）活力的影响及胞内外酶在氯代酚化合物降解过程中的作用。结果表明：Mn^2＋对MnP和LiP的活力有显著影响；白腐菌对相对分子质量低的有机化合物的降解主要在细胞内依靠胞内酶的作用进行，而胞外酶加快了降解速率；两种胞外酶MnP和LiP在降解过程中所起的作用不同，MnP起主要作用，LiP起次要作用。白腐茵对酚类化合物的基质亲和性较活性污泥低，适宜于高浓有机废水的预处理；白腐茵对毒性的忍受能力与活性污泥微生物相似，但处理方式和条件的改变可以提高其毒性忍受能力。     

姬松茸胞内多糖提取工艺的研究

采用单因子试验和正交试验组合优化,对姬松茸菌丝体胞内多糖提取工艺进行了研究,单因子试验表明姬松茸胞内多糖提取工艺为:组织捣碎、水提、提取3次,正交试验优化组合结果为温度90℃,时间4h,料水比1∶25,在此最佳提取工艺条件下,姬松茸胞内多糖提取得率为(2 1±0 1)mg/g湿菌体(含水量87%),具有一定的实际生产意义.     

微囊藻毒素对小鼠肝脏抗氧化系统的影响

通过灌胃染毒的方法研究了微囊藻毒素对小鼠抗氧化系统的毒性.结果显示,超氧化物歧化酶活性在第4周升高,过氧化氢酶活性在第3周和第4周下降,表明微囊藻毒素处理后导致H2O2积累,使得氧化损伤加强.谷胱甘肽含量从第2周开始出现明显下降.谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性在第4周时发生显著性升高,提示微囊藻毒素和谷胱甘肽结合的速率增高,从而加快了肝组织对微囊藻毒素的清除.本实验结果说明抗氧化系统在微囊藻毒素的解毒方面起到了十分重要的作用.     

甲基对硫磷诱发大鼠肝细胞内钙浓度升高的初步机制研究

应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察甲基对硫磷(M ETHYLPARATH ION,MP)对正常大鼠肝细胞株(BRL)内游离钙浓度([CA2 ]I)的影响。实验结果表明,在正常生理盐溶液(N-PSS)中,MP能引起细胞内的钙升高,并呈浓度依赖性;在无钙生理盐溶液(0 CA2 -PSS)中,400 PMOL/L MP不显著改变细胞内的钙浓度。用不同的非选择性阳离子通道阻断剂(300ΜMOL/L GD3 ,2 MMOL/L SR2 ,2 MMOL/L N I2 )作用于由MP引起的钙升高时,发现均能有效地抑制钙升高,其中N I2 的抑制效果最为明显。同时MP引起的钙升高的时程远远大于ATP的作用。以上结果显示,MP对BRL细胞胞内的CA2 具有升高作用,此作用可能是MP激活非选择性阳离子通道,并最终导致细胞膜上的其它钙离子通道开放。     

Separation and analysis of the soluble trimer of Aβ1-40 and its effects on the rise in intracellular calcium

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the progressive neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein conformational transition, generally known as protein conformational disorders[1]. The general characteriza- tions of AD are the intracellular fibrillar…