用磷石膏制备硫酸铵和氯化钙的研究

以磷石膏、碳酸氢铵和氨水为原料进行复分解反应制备硫酸铵 ,副产碳酸钙粗品。考察了影响氧化钙转化率的各种因素 ,通过正交试验确定了复分解反应的工艺条件 ;用盐酸处理碳酸钙粗品制备氯化钙 ,研究确定了工艺条件。磷石膏得到较好的处理和利用 ,研制的产品质量达到有关标准 ,应用前景广阔。     

微生物催化还原浸出深海锰结核中有价金属

在常温、酸性、厌氧环境下,按一定的比例添加微生物培养基和供电子体,采用J13菌连续高密度培养、矿浆预浸、微生物固定和强化传质的手段,提高微生物浸出结核中有价金属的速率,浸出时间为3 d,可直接浸出结核中的铜、钴、镍和锰.浸出率:钴95.2%,镍97.5%,锰95.8%,铜81.2%;按此方法进行了陆地软锰矿和硬锰矿的浸出试验,浸出时间9 d,锰矿中的锰浸出率较高.根据以上试验结果提出了微生物催化两矿偶合还原浸出氧化锰矿中有价金属的方法,并初步探索了浸出机理.     

Ti(SO4)2/C催化合成邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯(DIAP)

研究了Ti(SO4 ) 2 /C在邻苯二甲酸酐和异戊醇酯化中的催化性能 ,结果表明 ,Ti(SO4 ) 2 /C在该反应中具有较高的催化活性 ,并得到了合成邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯的新工艺条件是 :催化剂用量 (邻苯二甲酸酐质量分数 )为 5 % ;异戊醇 0 5mol,邻苯二甲酸酐 0 2mol,反应温度 185℃ ,反应时间 180min ,在此条件下收率可达 95 %。     

机械活化及其在湿法炼锌中的应用

本文首先概述矿物机械活化的基本原理及其对矿物强化作用。然后对其在湿法炼锌中的硫化锌精矿焙烧、锌焙砂浸出、硫化锌精矿直接浸出等方面应用取得进展进行综述。     

Nanometer properties of oceanic polymetallic nodules and cobalt-rich crusts

An ammonia leaching process was utilized to extract Co, Ni and Cu from oceanic polymetallic nodules, whereas an acid leaching process was utilized to extract Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Mn from cobalt-rich crusts. Both processes produced nanometer materials—ammonia leaching residue and acid leaching residue. A systematic study was conducted on the phase, composition and physicochemistry properties of these residues. The result shows that both residues contain a large amount of nanometer minerals. Ammonia l eaching residue mainly consists of rhodochrosite, with the average grain diameter of 17.9 nm; whereas the acid leaching residue mainly consists of well-developed bassanite, with the average grain deameter of 9.5 nm. The bassanite also has a microporous structure, the volume of the pore space is 1.23 × 10⁻² mL/g. Both the ammonia and acid leaching residues have a large specific surface area, and they display a strong adsorption capacity to saturate sodium chloride vapour, N₂ and SO₂. Both residues have high contents of rare earth elements, and most of these elements exist in the state of ionic adsorption. The content of σ FeO is high. The P₂O₅ enrichment is observable in acid leaching residues. The unique composition and nanometer solid properties of the leaching residues displayed their potential value and promised a bright future for their application in the field of environmental protection and materials.     

污灌系统氮素在土壤中的转化与渗漏污染

通过原状土体模拟试验，以多次污灌废水浓度的Ｃ＋２Ｓ为进水浓度，揭示了污灌废水中氨氮在土壤中的转化规律以及引起地下水污染的原因，提出了污灌的农用与防止地下水污染的具体措施。     

Fe（dipy）2（CN）2的溶剂色性研究

研究了Ｆｅ（ｄｉｐｙ）２（ＣＮ）２配合物的溶剂色性，从成键情况分析了产生溶剂色性的原因，溶剂的极性参数ＡＮ可用来阐明该本系的溶质－溶剂相互作用而导致ＣＴ吸收带位移的现象。     

氰桥配合物[Ni(Ⅱ)Ln]_2[Fe(Ⅱ)(CN)_6]的光谱研究

亚铁氰化钾水溶液和[NiLn]~(2+)(L=H_2dmg和tetren分别表示丁二酮肟和四乙烯五胺)溶液反应得到比较稳定的红棕色晶体。经元素分析、UV-Vis光谱和红外光谱的测试,证明它们是氰桥配合物[Ni(Ⅱ)Ln-NC-Fe(Ⅱ)(CN)_4-CN-Ni(Ⅱ)Ln]。     

用软锰矿浆在筛板塔中烟气脱硫

按一定比例将软锰矿粉与清水配成矿浆作为脱硫剂进行烟气脱硫研究,在单板筛板塔中考察了液气比、液固比、空塔气速、温度等操作条件对脱硫率的影响;并选择适宜的操作条件,在双板筛板塔中考察了脱硫率随时间变化的关系,建立了表征脱硫率与锰浸取率内在联系的回归方程     

Supergene mobility of noble metal elements in black rock series

In order to discuss the supergene mobility of noble metal elements in black rock series, measurements have been conducted with ICP-MS method for the contents of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, Au and Ag in the primary jordisite-rich black shale ore, in the supergene leached jordisite-rich black shale ore, in the pyrite-rich black shale ore and in the water of pit, well and stream of the mining area near Zhongnan Village, Zunyi District of Guizhou Province. The temperature, pH, electric conductivity, dissolved oxygen of the water were also measured. The pit water is acidic with high electrical conductivity and low dissolved oxygen. The total content of platinum group elements in the primary pyrite-rich black shale ore is only 1/13 of that in the primary jordisite-rich black shale ore. The Ag content in the former is only a half of that in the latter while the Au contents in the two kinds of ores are almost the same. Being leached under supergene condition, the contents of most of the noble metal elements except Au in the jordisite-rich black shale ore greatly decrease; the leaching rates of Rh, Pd, Pt, the total platinum group elements and Ag reach as high as 66.72%～74.79%, revealing that under supergene condition, platinum group elements and Ag can migrate along with water; the ratios of Ag/Au, Pd/Ru, Pt/Ir and(Pt+Pd)/(Ru+Rh+Ir) are remarkably decreased, displaying that Pt and Pd relative to Ru, Rh and Ir, Ag relative to Au bear more active mobility. The noble metal elements in the black rock series near Zhongnan Village might be mobilized and migrate under the procession of "cold water" rich in [SO4]2- with pH value being about 2.4 at a temperature below 50 ℃.