基于振动响应的耦合杆系统损伤识别

  基于响应灵敏度分析法对两跨耦合杆系统的损伤识别问题进行了研究。建立了耦合杆系统的有限元运动方程,利用状态空间法计算系统在外激励下的响应。将系统的局部损伤模拟为杆单元抗拉刚度的减少,推导了响应对单元抗拉刚度的灵敏度。并利用此响应灵敏度进行系统的局部损伤识别。数值算例表明,文中方法能快速准确地识别出耦合杆的局部损伤,并且对模拟的人工噪声不敏感。说明该方法具有一定的工程应用前景。     

氯苯的激光拉曼光谱研究

运用群论方法分析氯苯的振动模式,得到各振动模式的对称性和拉曼活性,结果表明,氯苯分子振动拉曼光谱具有30条频率不同的拉曼谱线.采用激光拉曼光谱学技术获得了氯苯的振动拉曼光谱,分析了氯苯拉曼光谱的特点,并对其中16条谱线进行指认,为有机混合物中氯苯分子的识别提供依据.     

水溶性大豆多糖-铁(Ⅲ)的制备及结构表征

制备了水溶性大豆多糖-铁(Ⅲ)配合物,通过单因素试验和响应面试验建立数学模型来对制备工艺进行优化,并采用紫外-可见光谱和傅里叶红外光谱对产物结构进行了鉴定.结果表明:在最佳工艺条件,即反应时间1.47 h、温度69.8℃、pH8.89、水溶性大豆多糖/柠檬酸三钠质量比1.92∶1下,含铁量的模型预测值为31.94%,而对应的实测值为30.65%,说明所建立的水溶性大豆多糖-铁(Ⅲ)响应面模型可以用于指导大豆多糖-铁(Ⅲ)的制备;水溶性大豆多糖(SSPS)与铁(Ⅲ)发生了配合反应,铁以β-FeOOH结构聚合成铁核,SSPS以羧基与铁核配合后得到水溶性大豆多糖-铁(Ⅲ)配合物.     

湿式离合器磨合过程的多重分形谱预测

针对湿式离合器试验过程中磨合状态的预测问题,结合试验过程中摩擦转矩信号的几何结构特征,提出利用多重分形谱及其参数来预测磨合状态的新方法。阐述了基于盒计数法计算多重分形谱的方法;给出了多重分形谱参数的定义及其与摩擦转矩信号之间的内在联系;利用多重分形谱及其参数对某型号湿式离合器磨合过程的摩擦转矩信号进行分形表征。分析结果表明：多重分形谱及其参数能够定量地刻画试验过程中摩擦转矩信号的几何特征,并且随着磨合过程的进行,谱宽、最大最小概率子集分形维数差及谱偏斜度都呈现逐渐减小趋势,而最小奇异指数则呈现逐渐增大趋势。因此,利用试验中摩擦转矩信号的多重分形谱能够有效地预测湿式离合器的磨合状态。     

Modern human behaviors during the late stage of the MIS3 and the broad spectrum revolution: Evidence from a Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site

The last glacial period was vital for the distribution and evolution of early modern humans in Asia. The Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site, dated at 30-20 ka BP, accumulated cultural remains during the important late stage of MIS 3 period in the last glacial. These remains represent characteristics of typical Late Paleolithic conditions in North China:high degree of standardization and morphological variability of tool types, exploitation of bone materials, systematic use of body decorations, extensive use of earth-pit hearths, distinct functional spatial organization within habitations, and conversion of subsistence patterns. These characteristics illustrate early modern human behaviors during the late MIS3 period, and provide clues and perspectives for the analysis of early modern human origins in China. At the same time, the conversion of subsistence patterns is considered to be a combination of multiple early modern human behaviors, as well as the result of the Broad Spectrum Revolution. In this paper, we argue for the dynamic mechanism of Broad Spectrum Revolution from a human behavioral and ecological perspective.     

Changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaf induced by osmotic stress

To quantify the characteristics of the power spectrum of plant electrical signals, we defined the following concepts:spectral edge frequency (SEF), spectral center frequency (SCF), power index (PI) and power spectral entropy (PSE). These parameters were used to examine and quantify changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaves under osmotic stress. In the absence of osmotic stress, the SEF of the electrical signal in maize leaves was approx. 0.2 Hz and the SCF was approx. 0.1 Hz. The electrical signal in maize leaves was mainly a slow wave signal with a frequency of 0-0.1 Hz. After 2 h osmotic stress, the SEF and SCF of the electrical signal increased to higher frequencies. The proportion of the fast wave frequency also increased to 0.1-0.2 Hz, resulting in a dramatic increase in PSE. We also found that the changes in PSE and SCF were significantly correlated during osmotic stress. We propose that the changes in the PSE and SCF in maize leaves can be used as a sensitive signal indicating water deficit in leaf cells under osmotic stress. Thus, measurement of SCF or PSE of electrical signals in maize leaves could be used to develop early warning and rapid diagnosis techniques for the water demands of plants.     

PET断层重建中动态射线追踪算法的实现

迭代重建算法已成为PET的标准重建方法,其系统响应矩阵实现图像空间和投影空间之间的映射关系,是迭代重建算法的关键.面向list-mode断层重建,以优化Siddon算法为基础,实现了一种敏捷的正交距离射线追踪方法,实时计算系统响应矩阵,生成近似高斯形的LOR线,有效建模了探测器响应函数.结果表明该算法在重建精度和效率之间达到较好的平衡,满足了list-mode断层重建的需求.     

大气湍流对激光束传输特性的影响

激光束湍流大气传输的研究对遥感、跟踪和远距离光通信,以及高功率激光武器等应用都有十分重要的意义.大气湍流会改变光束的传输特性和降低光束质量.介绍了近年来国内外激光束湍流大气传输特性研究进展,主要包括大气湍流对不同类型激光束的光强分布、光束质量、光束扩展、方向性、光谱特性、偏振特性、相干特性和等效曲率半径影响的研究进展,并介绍了主要的解析研究方法,如Rytov相位结构函数二次近似、强起伏模型和积分变换的技巧等.研究表明:大气湍流对激光束传输特性的影响与激光束本身特性,如空间相干性、时间相干性、模式、光阑限制情况以及列阵光束的叠加方式等因素有关.另外,还提出了该领域值得进一步深入研究的一些问题.     

正形置换的Walsh谱特征

在研究多输出Boole函数Walsh循环谱的基础上,利用多输出Boole函数的正交性与其坐标函数任意组合函数的平衡性之间的等价关系,证明了一个置换f(x)是正形置换的充要条件是其Walsh循环谱W(f)(α,α)=W(f)(0,α)=0.     

基于逆虚拟激励法的随机路面谱的识别方法

采用逆虚拟激励法对随机路面谱的识别方法进行了理论推导,并用确定性方法求解车辆平稳随机振动路面谱的识别问题.求解过程中通过给定车辆振动响应的自功率谱和互功率谱,反求路面激励功率谱,然后再计算得出车辆对路面激励的振动响应功率谱.通过模拟仿真,对比了计算路面谱与实际路面谱的差异,验证了推导结果的有效性.研究结果表明,逆虚拟激励法在求解车辆振动响应路面谱方面,具有很好的求解精度和计算效率.该方法为车辆振动平顺性的研究提供了新的思路和方法,具有很好的应用前景.