异构计算系统任务调度的遗传算法及改进

提出一种新的染色体编码方法——逆排序消出结点法RSEEN,确保染色体对应的任务分配调度为合理调度,不必在遗传操作过程中不断地验证和调整基因以保证染色体的有效性,简化了遗传操作,使优良基因更易保全并传递给后代,种群的进化过程更接近自然的进化法则。另外,还采用了启发式变异方法,加速了算法的收敛性。同时,构造本算法是以异构计算系统模型为基础的,充分考虑了任务间数据交换的开销和处理机间的差异,算法的应用更有普遍意义。     

混合整数规划问题遗传算法的研究及仿真实现

提出了一种可以处理混合整数规划问题(MIP)的混合遗传算法MIGA。该算法采用二进制映射模式可变长度染色体编码,在进化过程逐渐缩小编码的搜索空间,从而在加快收敛速度的同时改善了迭代的精度,能很好处理离散变量和连续变量的混合整数规划问题。以一纯整数规划问题为例,利用分枝定界算法只能得到唯一的一个最优调度策略,而MIGA算法则可以得到一系列的最优调度策略,对这些最优调度策略进一步的分析,还可以得到调度问题一些灵敏度参数,在实际应用中具有更大的灵活性。     

植物染色体C─带技术的应用进展

本文讨论了近十多年来植物染色体Ｃ－带技术在核型分析、物种亲缘关系鉴定、染色体组进化研究、染色体畸变鉴别、远缘杂种细胞学鉴定、染色体行为研究、基因定位等方面的应用进展。     

人类染色体G带的光密度识别与分析

本工作运用薄层扫描仪的扫描与数据处理功能,对处于400条带与550条带阶段的人类G带染色体进行定量分析,提出用相对位置、相对积分面积、阳性带吸光强度以及相对带宽值来识别区带,并对上述人类染色体的二种G带带型予以定量描述,还探讨了本工作与染色体自动识别、图象分析的关系。     

Telomeres and meiosis in health and disease

Telomeres are important segments of chromosomes that protect chromosome ends from nucleolytic degradation and fusion. At meiosis telomeres display an unprecedented behavior which involves their attachment and motility along the nuclear envelope. The movements become restricted to a limited nuclear sector during the so-called bouquet stage, which is widely conserved among species. Recent observations suggest that telomere clustering involves actin and/or microtubules, and is altered in the presence of impaired recombinogenic and chromosome related functions. This review aims to provide an overview of what is currently known about meiotic telomere attachment, dynamics and regulation in synaptic meiosis.     

Induction of chromosomal aberrations by the anthracycline antitumor antibiotics N,N-dimethyldaunomycin and aclacinomycin A

Summary The clastogenic effect of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotics, N,N-dimethyldaunomycin and aclacinomycin A, was studied in a murine hemopoietic cell line (Friend leukemia cells). A dose-dependent increase in chromatid lesions, i.e., achromatic lesions, chromatid breaks, chromatid deletions and triradial or quadriradial chromosomal exchange figures, was found. It appears that the clastogenicity of N,N-dimethyldaunomycin and aclacinomycin A is lower than that of the classic anthracycline, daunomycin, which is also a potent mutagen and carcinogen. The data demonstrate that the capacity of chemicals to induce point mutations and chromosomal aberrations may not necessarily be correlated: aclacinomycin A is devoid of mutagenic activity in bacterial (Salmonella typh.) and mammalian cell (HGPRT) mutagenesis assays, and is non-carcinogenic in rats. Nevertheless, it was now found to possess clastogenic activity.     

植物B染色体起源途径的探讨

本文根据Ｂ染色体的特性，提出了植物Ｂ染色体的细胞融合起源的假设。此假设是以两个细胞的融合为前提。它认为：两个异周期的花粉母细胞进行染色质的穿壁和切割，切割出的带着丝粒的染色质片段经过长期的结构变化，适应形成现在的Ｂ染色体。并提出了此假设的验证方法和Ｂ染色体起源的研究意义     

大黄鱼与黄姑鱼杂交F_1及其双亲的核型分析

研究了大黄鱼与黄姑鱼正反交F1原肠早期胚胎细胞及其亲本头肾细胞的染色体核型,为深入剖析大黄鱼与黄姑鱼杂交后代的基因组构成提供了细胞遗传学证据.大黄鱼与黄姑鱼染色体组均含有48条端部着丝粒染色体,染色体组型公式均为2n=48 t,染色体臂数均为NF=48,组内染色体长度分布连续.两亲本物种间核型很相似,未找到鉴别两物种的细胞遗传标志.正反交F1原肠期胚胎细胞的染色体众数也均为48,均可较好地配为24对.结合前期AFLP分析结果可以推断,正反交胚胎细胞均同时含有一个大黄鱼染色体组和一个黄姑鱼染色体组.此外,杂交F1中的非整倍体比例与两亲本没有明显区别,初步表明杂交胚胎细胞未发生明显的染色体丢失.在黄姑鱼♀与大黄鱼♂杂交F1中出现4对非t-染色体,原因尚待查明.