A Novel Approach for Entrapment of Biopolymers in Silica Matrix by Sol-gel Technique

1 Results The entrapment of biopolymers into silica by the sol-gel technique meets with incompatibility of inorganic and bioorganic components. The aim was to develop a compatible procedure biomimicking the biomineralization processes in the living nature. A suggested solution in Ref.[1-2] for the biopolymer entrapment into silica matrix is based on a novel silica precursor. The developed approach is distinguished from the common technique for fabrication of hybrid biopolymer-silica nanocomposite materi...     

DM-130大孔树脂固定脂肪酶的研究

采用DM-130大孔树脂为载体，对脂肪酶进行了固定化，研究了固定化条件对催化活性的影响，得到了最佳固定化条件：温度为45℃，pH值为8.0，吸附时间为6h，载体与脂肪酶的质量比为30：1。     

硫酸盐还原菌包埋固定化技术处理含铬废水

分别以海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为包埋剂, 采用蠕动泵滴加, 包埋固定经驯化后的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)占优的活性污泥. 以小球强度、传质性能、成球难易为指标定性确定包埋条件. 评价海藻酸钙(CA)法、 PVA法、 PVA混合载体法包埋小球对含铬废水的处理效果. 结果表明: 以Cr(VI)去除率为考核指标, PVA混合载体为最好的包埋方式, 其最优条件是PVA质量浓度为9%、包泥量为1:1, 添加少量的海藻酸钠, SiO2, CaCO3和粉末活性炭(PAC)有利于颗粒球传质与耐用性能的提高. 在连续化处理含铬废水的工艺中, 进水COD质量浓度为500 mg/L, SO2-4为500 mg/L, Cr(Ⅵ)为100 mg/L, 水力滞留时间为6 h的条件下, Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率为99.68%, 出水总Cr质量浓度为0.45 mg/L, COD质量浓度为187 mg/L, 同时铬以沉淀的形式与颗粒球分离有利于铬的回收.     

青毒X5细胞固定化技术的比较研究

用不同的包埋栽体和方法，将青霉X5进行包埋固定，并作染料脱色实验，研究各种栽体的优缺点和不同方法固定菌体的活性，结果表明：使用4．5％海藻酸钠，7.5％活性炭粉和3％CaCl2的包埋方法较易操作，菌体的物理强度较好，菌体表现为较好活性，对50mg／L的蒽醌染料的脱色率可达94．31％。     

核酸探针的固定化方法现状

近年来核酸研究日益活跃,核酸修饰电极的提出,使电化学方法显示出其简单、快速、灵敏、无污染等优点。文章主要介绍了核酸修饰电极的制备和特点,并对多种固定方法进行了评述。     

碳纤维表面特性对反硝化菌固着化的影响

通过对比反硝化菌在不同基体碳纤维表面的固着化及碳纤维表面含氧官能团对菌种的固着化实验,研究了碳纤维(基体、比表面积、循环利用性等)特性,尤其表面含氧官能团对反硝化菌固着化的影响。实验结果表明,反硝化菌在PAN基碳纤维上的平均挂膜厚度明显高于沥青基和粘胶基碳纤维。碳纤维表面适量的含氧官能团有助于较多、较牢固地固着反硝化菌。对三种PAN基碳纤维的XPS谱图分析表明碳纤维表面含氧官能团—O—CO对反硝化菌的固着化影响较大,当碳纤维表面含氧官能团—O—CO中碳原子占表面碳原子总量的3%左右时反硝化菌固着化效果较佳。经过比较表明PAN基碳纤维是一种生物相容性好、固着化程度高、再生能力强、耐微生物分解及化学腐蚀的优异的新型反硝化菌固着化载体。     

Effect of various stressors on the levels of lipid peroxide,antioxidants and Na+, K+-ATPase actrivity in rat brain

The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an index of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activity of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, were assessed in whole rat brain after immobilization, anemic hypoxia (NaNO₂) and 72 h starvation. The effect of these stressors on plasma glucose and corticosterone levels was also observed. Hypoxia and starvation stimulated the lipidj peroxide formation in braini as indicated by an increase in the level of MDA, being higher after starvation than hypoxia. Brain SOD activity was also increased in response to hypoxia and starvation while GSH content was only diminished ini hypoxia. However, neither MDA nor antioxidants were affected by immobilization. On the other hand, the activity of brain Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was significantly increased by immobilization and hypoxia but decreased in starvation. A similar pattern of change was also observed in plasma glucose and corticosterone levels in response to these stressors. These results elucidate differences in the biochemical response of animals towards various types of stress, with increased lipid peroxide formation in hypoxia and starvation.     

纳米TiO2光催化剂负载化研究进展

纳米TiO2在废水处理、空气净化等方面有着很好的应用前景．将其负载化是在纳米TiO2光催化氧化法的实用化过程中需要解决的关键问题之一．对近年来纳米TiO2光催化剂负载化包括载体、负载方法及影响负载催化剂催化活性的因素的研究进行了综述．     

固定化微生物去除地下水中氯苯研究

为探索固定化微生物技术去除地下水氯苯的最佳条件,采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和海藻酸钠为包埋剂,培养了含氯苯的菌泥驯化培养的微生物,以制备固定化微生物小球,处理地下水中的氯苯.本研究从机械强度,传质性,氯苯降解率等方面综合考虑,利用正交实验确定了制备固定化微生物小球的最佳条件,并对固定化微生物和游离微生物降解氯苯的效果进行了比较.另外,还对固定化微生物降解地下水中氯苯的影响因素进行了探讨.实验结果表明,氯苯初始浓度大于20mg/L,固定化微生物降解氯苯效果好于游离微生物的.当小球粒径为1mm,菌液接种量为8%,氯苯初始浓度为80mg/L,pH值为7.0左右,盐度低于1.5%,控制培养温度为10℃,摇床转速为120r/min时,固定化微生物降解性能较好.     

鸡肝碱性磷酸酶提取及在线固定化研究

分别用有机溶剂沉淀法和盐析法从大骨鸡肝中提取出碱性磷酸酶,并考察了提取酶液的酶促反应动力学性质.在此基础上,利用顺序注射系统将提取酶在线固定于XC—72导电炭黑表面,制备了固定化碱性磷酸酶.结果表明,大骨鸡肝碱性磷酸酶催化磷酸苯二钠分解的最佳pH=10.8,最适温度为50℃,米氏常数为1.62 mmol/L.相比游离酶,所得固定化酶的比活力显著提高.