鸡肝碱性磷酸酶显示方法研究

以鸡肝为材料,利用钙钴法,研究并优化了细胞碱性磷酸酶的显示方法。剪碎鸡肝,低速（500 r/min）离心取得鸡肝细胞悬浮液,制成涂片,在碱性磷酸酶作用液中孵育、染色,在数码互动显微镜下观察鸡肝细胞中碱性磷酸酶的显示与分布。结果表明,在显微镜下能够清楚看到大量黑色沉淀分布,说明细胞中含有大量碱性磷酸酶。     

离子交换法固定化鸡肝酶及其低温保存的实验研究

采用离子交换法,以大孔径弱酸性阳离子交换树脂 D113为固定化载体,对可被农药抑制的鸡肝酶进行固定化．通过实验得到了最佳固定条件：离子浓度在0．25～0．375 mol/L 之间,固定时间为75 min,酶液活力为(6±2)U/mL．制备的固定化酶可在用于农药残留快速检测的酶传感器中作为生物识别元件使用．同时,初步研究了液体酶和固定化酶的保存,对固定化酶的制备和使用有参考价值．     

黑木耳凝胶交联法固定碱性蛋白酶的工艺研究

为提高对黑木耳的利用开发,研究新型的固定化载体,以黑木耳凝胶作为载体对碱性蛋白酶进行固定化.选择交联法作为固定化方法,分别以戊二醛质量分数,交联时间,pH值及酶液添加体积为因素对固定碱性蛋白酶工艺进行分析.采用响应面法(RSM)分析得出固定化的最佳条件:戊二醛质量分数为12.865%,交联时间为2.531 4 h,pH值为9.367以及酶液添加体积为4.137 mL.通过试验验证得到酶活保存率为50.89%,为预测值的99.47%,能够建立较好的固定化模型.     

离子交换树脂固定接枝脂肪酶

 酶法是制取生物柴油的一种新型方法,而酶的重复利用率直接影响该法的运行成本.本文采用吸附法将碱性脂肪酶L4固定在4种不同树脂上,对比了利用不同树脂和在不同酶液浓度条件下的固定化效果,然后采用吸附-交联法将脂肪酶固定在树脂DK110上,考查交联方式和交联剂浓度对酶固定化的影响以及固定化酶的重复使用稳定性.结果表明：大孔型离子交换树脂DK110的固定化效果最好,酶液浓度对脂肪酶固定化影响显著.交联方式对固定化效果有显著影响,酶液先与戊二醛混合后加入树脂载体(JL1)所获得的酶活最大(340U/g),酶液、戊二醛与树脂载体同时混合(JL2)重复使用稳定性最好.该研究为固定酶法制取生物柴油奠定了基础.     

介孔SiO2固定化漆酶降解2,4DCP

以M-NH2-SiO2为载体,戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化漆酶,研究2,4-DCP(2,4-二氯苯酚)浓度、溶液酸度、温度对固定化漆酶降解2,4-DCP的影响.结果表明,固定化漆酶降解2,4-DCP最佳条件为:当2,4-DCP质量浓度为5mg.L-1,溶液pH为5.5,温度为30℃时,降解去除率为42.28%.固定化漆酶具有最大活性时的溶液pH值相比于自由酶的最佳pH向碱性偏移;与自由漆酶相比,固定化漆酶有良好的稳定性和重复使用性.     

僧帽牡蛎(Ostreu cucullata)碱性磷酸酶的酶学特性

本文对僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)碱性磷酸酶的酶学特性进行了若干探索. 实验结果表明,碱性磷酸酶的最适pH与所用的废物有关,以磷酸苯二钠为底物时,酶的最适pH为10.3,而以β-甘油磷酸钠为底物时,则降为9.5.所得结果证实,pH对酶的影响有可逆和不可逆之分,在pH8.5—10.0范围内,pH对酶的影响是可逆的,而当pH大于10.5时,则为不可逆, 实验求得,僧帽牡蛎碱性磷酸酶对磷酸苯二钠作用的Km值为1.9×10~(-4)M,在10-50℃时.酶对磷酸苯二钠反应的“活化能”为9550卡/克分子。酶在30℃以下活性稳定,最适温度区在39℃附近;50℃保温一段时间,酶活力大大降低. 僧帽特蛎的碱性磷酸酶与从其它材料获得的碱性磷酸酶一样,可被镁离子激活:其最适激活浓度为8.33mM,但被汞离子,锌离子,氰化物和半胱氨酸强烈抑制.氟化物和钼酸盐对酶的影响不明显.     

纳米球形聚电解质刷固定化酶合成及性质表征研究

为研究用光乳液聚合法合成以聚苯乙烯为核、接枝丙烯酸为单体的纳米球形聚电解质刷,采用透射电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及激光粒度仪对微球结构进行表征,并以球刷为载体,对碱性蛋白酶进行固定化研究。结果表明:制备的纳米球形聚电解质刷载体平均粒径为80nm左右,尺寸均一,分散性良好。碱性蛋白酶优化固定化条件为缓冲液pH值9.0、固定化时间6h、酶液添加量1.2mg/mL。固定化酶与游离酶比较,最适pH值由游离酶的11.0变化为9.0,最适反应温度由游离酶的45℃提高到60℃,且热稳定性、酸碱稳定性均较游离酶有所提高。经纳米球形电解质刷固定化的碱性蛋白酶,酶的应用范围扩大,更有利于工业化生产。     

纤维素酶固定化研究

利用固态发酵法从瑞氏木霉QM9414发酵液中提取纤维素粗酶液,然后将其固定在壳聚糖上,测定粗酶液的酶活力,固定化酶与粗酶的最适pH,最适温度和Km值.结果表明,粗酶液的蛋白质含量为33.33 ug/mL,酶活力为120 IU/mL.固定化酶的最适温度为60℃而粗酶液为50℃,粗酶液的最适pH=5,固定化酶的最适pH=4,固定化酶的Km值3.592 01×10-2,粗酶液的Km值为4.076 04×10-2,表明固定化酶的很多性质均优于游离酶液.     

醋酸纤维素/聚丙烯复合膜固定化脂肪酶的研究

以醋酸纤维素/聚丙烯复合膜为载体对脂肪酶进行吸附固定,研究了不同条件对固定化脂肪酶活性的影响,得到了最佳固定化条件:酶浓度0.020 g/mL,温度20℃,pH8.0,振荡速度100 r/min,吸附时间2 h,膜酶活力最高为4.5 U/cm2;膜酶转化反应最佳条件:最适温度35℃,比游离酶降低了5℃;最适pH 8.5,与游离酶相比pH向碱性偏移,固定化脂肪酶间歇水解橄榄油132 h酶活力为原酶活力的56.7%.     

外源镍在土壤中的存在形态及其与土壤酶活性的关系

采用培养试验方法,研究了土壤中重金属镍的存在形态及其对5种土壤酶活性的影响.随着土壤外加镍的质量分数增加(100～1 600 mg/kg),碱性磷酸酶活性和酸性磷酸酶活性均受到较强的抑制,抑制率分别为15.0%～67.3%、13.9%～85.3%;脲酶活性抑制率为-1.6%～21.3%,表现出先激活后抑制的现象;镍对多酚氧化酶也有抑制作用;对过氧化氢酶的抑制作用轻微.研究结果表明,酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶可作为判明土壤镍污染程度的主要生化指标.镍的存在形态与土壤酶活性之间的关联度分析和相关分析证实,DTPA提取的有效态镍与土壤酶活性之间相关性好、关联度大.因此,以DTPA提取的有效态镍来表征土壤镍的生物有效性是可行的.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.