论我国民间器乐曲中常用的旋律发展手法

传统民族器乐中有着丰富而多样的旋律发展手法,长期以来形成了一套独特的规律,从目前所掌握的资料与音响中,总结分析了民族器乐中带有普遍意义的有关旋律发展技法,并将其归类为重复、联缀、循环、变奏、展衍五种技法.     

Using genetically-defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance behavior: a non-invasive approach

Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior.     

WHOLLY-AROMATIC COPOLYESTERS CONTAINING IPA, 2.6-NDA, TPA, CLHQA AND PABA MONOMERS

The crystallinities, thermal properties, liquid crystal properties and rheologic properties oftwo series of the aromatic copolyesters are studied. One of them is composed of IPA, 2,6-NDA,CLHQA, PABA and. the other composed of TPA, 2.6-NDA, CLHQA, IPA. The results showthat the crystallinities of the aromatic copolyesters are relatively low and the melting point of thecopolyesters decreases with an increase of the unsymmetrical contents. These two series of aro-matic copolyesters are both suitable for the conventional melt spinning process and have a goodfiber forming property and a good thermal stability. The viscosities of aromatic copolyestermelts are greatly affected by the shear rate, hence the so-called" thinning under shearing" phe-nomenon. The melts have a rather high viscosity flow activation energy and a relatively lowelasticity.     

负荷度对盾构隧道管片火灾下力学性能影响

针对不同边界条件下的地铁管片建立了热力耦合数值模型,采用顺序耦合热-应力分析方法对不同负荷度下衬砌管片在高温下的变形及内力进行了分析,并基于火灾试验数据进行了验证。研究表明,负荷度是影响管片在火灾高温下变形特性的关键因素。负荷度越大,管片跨中位移在升温阶段发展越充分,下缘混凝土的极限压应力越小。支座边界条件不同时,衬砌管片变形受高温影响的程度也不相同。当衬砌管片两端的水平位移被约束时,由于在升温过程中衬砌管片产生不可忽略的变形,支座反力先增大后减小,最后持续增大直至升温结束。     

两地点8年生柏木生长性状家系变异及选择

【目的】揭示柏木生长性状的遗传变异规律,为高阶遗传改良筛选优良种质,选择优良家系,及其区域推广奠定基础。【方法】以营建在浙江省开化县林场(KH)和湖北省太子山林场(TZS)两个试验点的8年生柏木优树子代家系为材料,分析其生长性状的遗传变异,估算其育种值、遗传力等参数。【结果】柏木生长性状(树高、胸径和材积)的遗传变异系数为3.08%～13.93%,其中材积的变异最大。子代家系的树高、胸径和材积在地点间差异显著,TZS点的单株材积高于KH点315.79%,且家系与地点间的交互效应显著。胸径、树高和材积具有显著的家系效应,KH和TZS试验点的家系遗传力变幅分别为0.42～0.61和0.58～0.74。KH和TZS试验点分别以单株材积育种值大于CK的10%和45%为标准,各选出6个优良家系,现实增益分别为33.51%和67.95%。利用独立淘汰法,在KH点和TZS点各筛选优良单株17和12株,材积的遗传增益分别为41.38%和40.92%。【结论】8年生柏木优树子代家系生长性状具有较大的遗传改良潜力,但家系与环境的互作效应显著;通过子代家系的遗传评价有助于种子园建园亲本的再选择和现有种子园的...     

土坯力学性能及受压本构模型研究

为获取传统土坯受压应力-应变特性,确定其数学表达式,针对湿制法和干打法制作的土坯开展了单轴抗压试验和三点抗折试验。分别从抗压、抗折强度、破坏机理以及应力-应变关系等方面分析了两类土坯的力学性能。结果表明,普通砌墙砖的抗压及抗折试验方法均适用于传统土坯,干打土坯的抗压强度为湿制土坯的3倍,抗折强度为湿制土坯的1.3倍,但湿制土坯的断裂能为干打土坯的2.5倍。受压初期,干打土坯的应力-应变曲线存在因土料压密而导致的下凹段,而湿制土坯未表现出该特性。基于两类土坯单轴受压状态下的应力-应变曲线特征,提出了土坯单轴受压本构模型,该本构模型与试验数据吻合较好,可用于土坯砌体结构的数值模拟研究。     

P_2O_5对煤矸石水泥性能的影响

借助ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＤＴＡ、化学分析、物理检验等测试手段．研究Ｐ２Ｏ５对煤矸石水泥熟料的煅烧性能、物理性能和水化性能的影响,结果表明：Ｐ２Ｏ５对上述性能均有一定的影响;Ｐ２Ｏ５是一种适用于该类水泥熟料煅烧的有效矿化剂,其效果优于氟、硫及其复合的矿化剂．但Ｐ２Ｏ５与其它元素复合时。效果并不理想。     

新疆兵团国有企业推行现代企业制度探索

市场经济的发展和党中央关于建立现代企业制度的决定为兵团国有企业的发展提出了新的要求,兵团国有企业“一穷二死”的现状也要求兵团国有企业转换经营机制,据此本文分析了兵团国有企业建立现代企业制度面临的问题,并对改革的思路进行了探讨。     

嫣紫萝卜色素的提取及其性能研究

报道了嫣紫萝卜色素的提取方法、工艺条件及其性能研究结果．     

盘式干燥器的理论分析及实验研究

盘式连续干燥器属于连续式搅拌物料传导干燥,本文应用Ｅ．Ｕ．Ｓｃｈｌｕｎｄｅｒ和Ｎ．Ｍｏｌｅｋｏｐｅ针对间歇式搅拌物料传导干燥提出的“扩散理论”对盘式连续干燥器中物料的干燥特性进行了分析。并在此基础上计算了物料的干燥速率和料层温度。聚氯乙烯树脂的干燥实验表明,计算值与实验值符合的较好,聚氯乙烯树脂的搅拌数在７至２１之间。