氯化钙对盐胁迫下紫羊茅生长抑制的缓解效应初探

钙作为植物体内不可或缺的大量元素,影响着植物的生长并能帮助植物抵御逆境胁迫.为了探究外源钙对盐胁迫下的紫羊茅生长的作用,试验在150 m M Na Cl盐胁迫的基础上,添加10 mM CaCl_2,对紫羊茅Na~+,K~+离子含量、相对含水量、叶绿素、根冠比、根系活力含量等指标进行测定.结果表明:盐胁迫下紫羊茅生长受到抑制,但是添加10mM CaCl_2后,K+含量明显增加23.3%,相对含水量提高11%,叶绿素含量增加25.5%,根冠比明显增大,根系活力升高.说明CaCl_2对盐胁迫下紫羊茅受到的生长抑制具有一定的缓解作用.     

一类量子码的组合构造

利用满足一定嵌套关系的2个q~2-元线性码,给出一种构造自正交码的组合方法,并由各成分码的参数确定出所构造的新自正交码的维数和对偶距离下界。进一步用q~2-分圆陪集理论讨论码长n=q~2+1的常循环BCH码。刻画满足所需嵌套关系的2个q~2-元常循环BCH码的定义集合、设计距离和参数,从而由常循环BCH码构造出码长2n的q~2-元自正交码和q-元量子码。这一方法可得到许多距离dq+1的量子码,而这样参数的量子码是用已知的构造方法不能获得的。方法和结果对于构造更多参数良好的量子码以及给出最优量子码的距离下界都具有借鉴作用。     

基于均匀设计和BP神经网络的花生油SFE-CO2萃取预测

利用均匀设计和BP神经网络相结合的方法,研究了SFE-CO₂萃取花生油工艺。以半烘烤并粉碎之后的花生为原料,针对萃取压力、温度、时间和CO₂流量4个因素,每个因素10个水平安排实验,利用均匀设计的实验数据作为网络训练样本,构造花生油SFE-CO₂萃取的BP神经网络预测模型,对萃取过程进行预测,分析各实验因素与出油率之间的关系,确定较优的工艺条件。最后确定4-9-1的BP神经网络模型,利用该模型所得出油率的预测值与实验值相接近,相对误差(绝对值)小于2%;构造的BP神经网络模型能较好地预测萃取过程中各参数影响下花生出油率的变化趋势。结果显示,当萃取压力30MPa,温度40.5℃,时间125min,CO₂流量187L/(h·kg)时花生出油率可达期望值47.5%。该方法为实现预测与控制SFE-CO₂萃取花生油过程奠定了可靠的理论基础。     

Solid-phase synthesis of Cu<Subscript>2</Subscript>MoS<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoparticles for degradation of methyl blue under a halogen-tungsten lamp

The Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles were prepared using a relatively simple and convenient solid-phase process, which was applied for the first time. The crystalline structure, morphology, and optical properties of Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles having a band gap of 1.66 eV exhibits good photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue, which indicates that this simple process may be critical to facilitate the cheap production of photocatalysts.     

Cu含量对2A14铝合金显微组织和腐蚀性能的影响

为了提升2A14铝合金耐局部腐蚀性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、点蚀测试、循环阳极极化曲线(Tafel)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等分析测试方法,研究了Cu含量对2A14铝合金锻件显微组织和腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:随着Cu含量降低,诱导点蚀的Al2Cu和AlCuMgSi残余结晶相体积分数减小,点蚀坑密度显著降低,合金抗点蚀性能和电化学腐蚀性能大幅提高.     

POM@Fe-MOF衍生物的结构及其电化学性能

采用溶剂热法将Keggin型H_3PW_(12)O_(40)作为次级结构单元引入Fe-MOF结构中,合成出具有花状结构的POM@Fe-MOF材料,以其为模板在不同工艺条件下制备出衍生物WO_2@FePO_4和WO_3@WC@C。借助SEM、XRD等分析了衍生物的表面形貌及物相结构,并将WO_2@FePO_4和WO_3@WC@C分别作为超级电容器的正、负极材料,利用三电极体系在浓度为6mol/L的KOH电解质溶液中对其电化学性能进行表征,在0.5A/g的充电电流密度下分别得到了68.6F/g和70F/g的最高比电容。     

Electrochemical behavior of gold and its associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions

Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold (Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any stabilizer, selective dissolution of Au from stibnite and pyrite was only possible at relatively low thiourea concentrations. As Na₂SiO₃ was added, pyrite started to become active and an oxidation peak appeared; the oxidation peaks of arsenopyrite and chalcocite appeared earlier than that of Au. The chalcocite peak shifted in the positive direction and the peak current increased. Stibnite did not show an oxidation peak and its current was nearly zero. Adding Na₂SiO₃ favored the selective dissolution of Au when its minerals were associated with chalcocite and stibnite. At pH 12, the Au anode dissolution peak current increased with stabilizer concentration. At 0.38 and 0.42 V and for Na₂SiO₃ concentration below 0.09 M, the current density continuously increased with Na₂SiO₃ concentration. The Na₂SiO₃ concentration had to be adequate to stabilize thiourea. When the potential was higher than 0.42 V, the surface of the Au electrode started to passivate. With an additional increase in potential, the presence of Na₂SiO₃ could not stop the inevitable decomposition of thiourea.     

CNa42+团簇的结构及其储氢性能研究

氢是一种理想的二次能源,它将成为化石燃料最有希望的替代能源之一,也是亟待开发的重要能源。而氢能的储存成本高,危险性大是急需解决的问题。理论上预测CNa_4~(2+)的储氢性能,通过理论分析,发现了每个CNa_4~(2+)团簇最多可与16个H2分子有效结合,获得23.5%的质量储氢密度。在B3LYP理论水平上,H2分子与CNa_4~(2+)团簇的平均相互作用能在2.107～4.948Kcal/mol之间。由于CNa_4~(2+)的质量储氢密度在7.1～23.7wt%之间,符合美国能源部的要求目标(5.5 wt%)。研究结果表明,CNa_4~(2+)在一定环境条件下可逆吸放氢性能良好,可作为潜在的理想高容量储氢材料。     

一维螺旋链状配位聚合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]n的水热合成及晶体结构

通过水热反应,合成了标题化合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]_n(1),(pam=4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸), bpa=2,2'-二吡啶胺),对该化合物通过X-射线单晶衍射、红外和荧光光谱进行了结构表征。X-射线单晶衍射表明,目标化合物中的锌(II)离子分别与来自两个不同4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸)中的羧基氧和同一个2,2'-二吡啶胺中的两个氮原子配位形成四配位的扭曲四面体结构。该配合物通过锌(II)离子的连接形成有趣的一维螺旋长链,链与链之间通过氢键作用形成二维片状结构。     

RP-HPLC-PDAD法测定青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量

目的建立了青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的反相高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器(RP-HPLC-PDAD)定量分析方法。方法采用95%乙醇为溶剂超声提取,色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),柱温30℃。以甲醇∶水∶磷酸(88∶12∶0.15,v/v/v)为流动相等度洗脱,流速0.9 m L·min-1,采用光电二极管阵列检测器进行检测,检测波长210 nm。结果齐墩果酸进样量在0.1048~2.6200μg时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为96.9%,RSD为1.7%(n=9);熊果酸进样量在0.2304~5.7600μg时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为97.5%,RSD为1.5%(n=9)。结论方法准确,操作简便,数据可靠,可用于青叶胆中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量测定。