胰岛素样生长因子及其受体在绵羊早期胚胎的表达

旨在研究IGFs及其受体（IGFR）在绵羊卵母细胞和早期胚胎中的表达．对绵羊进行超数排卵处理，手术法采卵得到卵母细胞和着床前早期胚胎，结合荧光免疫染色方法和激光共聚焦成像系统，研究了绵羊未成熟卵母细胞、成熟卵母细胞和着床前各期胚胎中IGF—Ⅰ、IGF-Ⅱ、IGF—ⅠR、IGF—ⅡR的表达情况．结果表明，IGF-Ⅰ、IGF-Ⅱ在未成熟卵母细胞和成熟卵母细胞中均有表达;受精后，直到囊胚的整个早期发育阶段也检测到了这两个因子的表达，且胚胎免疫染色在各卵裂球之间呈现不均匀的分布．IGF—ⅠR和IGF—ⅡR在未成熟卵母细胞、成熟卵母细胞和早期胚胎均有表达，在胚胎期主要分布于卵裂球细胞的顶端（apical surface），而在囊胚阶段主要在滋胚层细胞中表达，内细胞团没有表达．     

Germination of embryo in soybean anther culture

A large number of experiments about induction of callus, embryo and germination of regeneration plants were done in soybean anther culture. Screening for genotypes, low_temperature pretreatment for floral buds, constituent of hormone in medium and effects of different temperatures on induction rate of callus and embryo were studied. It was found that the TDZ played an important role in embryo induction and germination. 28 genotypes had reaction competent to the anther culture in all 110 genotypes. Induction rate of callus was 26%-68.1%. Plant differentiation rate was 0.5%-2.0%.     

青海产中国林蛙输卵管的显微结构研究

本文对采集于青海西宁地区产中国林蛙的输卵管的显微结构进行了观察研究。     

红豆杉离体胚培养快速育苗研究

采用Ｂ５和ＭＳ相组合的ＢＭ基本培养基和适宜浓度的激素（２,４－Ｄ,６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ３）能解除红豆杉种胚的休眠．单因子试验和不同组合的正交试验结果显示：单独使用２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＧＡ３２ｍｇ／Ｌ均在一定程度上促使红豆杉种胚的萌发,萌发率分别为７０％,５５％和２８．６％;最佳正交组合为６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＣ４ｇ／Ｌ,萌发率达８１％．     

可可茶子叶培养中体细胞胚状体形成及植株再生

用含有０．５ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ或０．５ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ加２ｍｇＬ－１ＰＣＰＡ的ＳＨ培养基（含ρ（蔗糖）＝３％）培养可可茶的未成熟子叶,２周后即可从合子胚的下胚轴诱导出胚状体,５～７周后可以从子叶表皮直接诱导出胚状体．在含０．２ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ的培养基中,子叶外植体在培养４周内即能分化出胚状体且分化频率较高．培养１５周后把培养物转接至含２ｍｇＬ－１ＢＡ加上０．２ｍｇＬ－１ＩＢＡ的培养基中（含ρ（葡萄糖）＝２．５％）可以诱导出“种子状胚”、“芽状胚”和“杯状胚”,并可使“种子状胚”和“芽状胚”转化成苗．另外,还可诱导出丛芽并使丛芽转化成无根苗．若把“芽状胚”转移到含５ｍｇＬ－１ＧＡ－３和１ｍｇＬ－１ＩＡＡ的培养基中,“芽状胚”转化成无根苗的频率较高．     

Developmental control of heat shock and chaperone gene expression Hsp70 genes and heat shock factors during preimplantation phase of mouse development

Heat shock genes are found in all organisms, and synthesis of heat shock proteins is induced by various stressors in nearly all the cells forming these organisms. However, a particular situation is noticed for hsp70 genes in mouse embryos at the beginning of their development. First, spontaneous expression of hsp70 is observed at the onset of zygotic genome activity. Second, inducible expression is delayed until morula or early blastocyst stages. A better understanding of both these points depends on a more careful analysis of hsp70 expression in relation to their major regulators, the heat shock factors. In this review, we will see how the development of the preimplanta tion embryo highlights the complexity of heat shock gene regulation involving trans-cis interactions and the cellular and nuclear environment.     

共培养法获得MC15—昆明嵌合鼠

嵌合鼠的获得是通过ＥＳ细胞途径得到转基因小鼠的关键环节。以ＭＣ１５为供体ＥＳ细胞，用昆明品系小鼠８细胞期的胚胎为受体胚胎，采用共培养方法我们获得了２只毛色嵌合鼠。通过与囊胚显微注射法比较，表明这种方法是方便可行的。     

牛细胞核移植试验初报

体外成熟培养（ＩＶＭ）２３－２４ｈ的牛卵母细胞，去核后用８０Ｖ／ｍｍ，４０μｓ电激活２次（Ｉ组）或不激活（Ⅱ组），然后注入８－３２细胞期体外受精（ＩＶＦ）牛胚胎的卵裂球，再用８０－１００Ｖ／ｍｍ，４０μｓ电激两次诱导卵母细胞与卵裂球融合，两组的融合率（６２．８％与６５．１％）和卵裂率（５５．４％与５１．９％）无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。全部４１２枚重组卵电激后的融合率是６３．８％（２６３／４１２）     

花背蟾蜍早期发育中内胚层细胞核的分化

以细胞核移植的方法,探讨花背蟾蜍早期发育中内胚层细胞核的分化。实验按供体胚胎的不同发育时期分7组,并以囊胚期动物极区细胞核的移植作对照。结果表明:原肠晚期以前的内胚层细胞核与囊胚期动物极区细胞核一样,是尚未分化的,它们仍具有发育的全能性。从神经胚期开始,细胞核有了明显的分化,但这种分化是渐进的,至摄食期的蝌蚪仍有部分细胞核保持着促使卵子发育的功能。     

泽蛙♀×虎纹蛙♂杂种胚胎发育过程中三种酶的同工酶酶谱分析

利用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳法研究泽蛙♀×虎纹蛙♂杂种及其父母本胚胎发育过程中的酯酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶的同工酶酶谱。结果显示:(1)大多数母体酶带在杂种胚胎发育的初期出现并一直持续到晚期;(2)有些父本酶带在杂种胚胎发育到一定时期(肌肉效应期、鳃循环期)出现;(3)有些父本酶带和一条母本酶带始终不出现在杂种胚胎酶谱中;(4)发育后期有些杂种胚胎的同工酶酶谱出现异常。初步探讨了父母本因素对杂种后代同工酶的影响。