黄浦江口氯化物预报公式的初步探讨

黄浦江是上海人民生活和生产的主要水源,咸水入侵会影响黄浦江水质,给上海带来很大的危害。本文在分析黄浦江咸水入侵规律的基础上,利用吴淞水厂1973～1979年的实测资料,选取枯季月瞬时最大氯化物值为因变量,运用多元逐步回归及相合非参数回归方法,建立了黄浦江口的氯化物预报公式,取得了比较满意的结果。     

Analysis on River Sediment Changes of the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River

The sediment load and river sedimentation of the upper reaches of Yangtze River has been undergoing constant changes as complex landformlarge mountain area and plentiful precipitation make the drainage area of Yangtze River very vulnerable to water erosion and gravity erosion. Through analyzing the hydrological and sediment load statistics recorded by major hydrological stations along Yangtze River since 1950s, and editing the accumulation graph of annual runoff volume and annual sediment load, we find out that the suspended-sediment of Yangtze river has been decreasing year by year in Wulong Hydrological Station on Wujiang River, Beibei Hydrological Station on Jialingjiang River, Lijiawan Hydrological Station on Tuojiang River and Gaochang Hydrological Station on Minjiang River, Yichang Hydrological Station, Cuntan Hydrological Station along Yangtze River mainstream share the same experience too. But the statistics obtained at Pingshan Hydrological Station on Jinshajiang River shows the sediment load there has increased. Taking ecological construction, hydraulic engineering construction and precipitation changes into consideration, the thesis analyses the cauls for the sediment load decrease of Jialingjiang River, Tuojiang River, Minjiang River and Wujiang River and provides us both scientific foundation for further study of river sediment changes of the upper reaches of Yangtze River, and measures to control river sedimentation.     

汾河二期北延伸段湿地景观设计构思

阐述了汾河二期北延伸段湿地设计中的主要创意和理念，包括设计范围及标准、规划原则与设计理念、景观分区及特征、景观节点、交通组织、生态绿化。     

论泛珠三角经济区的建立和未来走势

泛珠三角经济区的建立是中国区域经济发展的一种新探索,是参与各方在应对竞争和追求发展的压力和动力下形成的区域经济合作组织。在区域合作的框架下,泛珠三角经济区建设取得了初步的成效。泛珠三角经济区的进一步发展,还面临着一些亟待解决的问题。     

社区参与的旅游人类学研究:阳朔遇龙河案例

景区和社区紧密相连的遇龙河景区处于旅游发展初期,其社区参与前期为自发参与,后期是在政府主导下开展的。社区参与迅速发展,多元主体大量介入,政府的管理和规范面临很多困难。由于政府政策实施不到位、对企业管理不善等原因,也使无序的社区参与不能及时遏止。     

浅谈长江上游经济带的地位和作用

在经济全球化的条件下，区域经济一体化是全面推进工业化与城市化进程的必然选择．谁能在区域经济一体化的发展进程中占有先机，谁就能在经济全球化的竞争中获胜．在此背景下，准确把握长江上游经济带的地位和作用显得尤为重要．本文通过对长江上游经济带特征的分析，从全国生产力布局、西部大开发战略和长江流域经济开发三个方面对长江上游经济带的地位和作用进行了论述．     

东江流域降水时间序列的混沌特征分析

以广东省东江流域月降雨序列为例,在介绍相空间重构原理的基础上,探讨了混沌分析的主要定量指标:饱和关联维数D2和最大Lyapunov指数λ。得到该时间序列的饱和关联维数D2=3.93,最小嵌入维数m=8,最佳嵌入滞时τ=3个月,最大Lyapunov指数λ=0.253。并且采用主分量方法进一步验证了该序列具有混沌特性,指出该序列的预测时限不应超过4个月,对此结论则用ARMA(p,q)模型作了验证,为东江流域月降雨预测提供了较为科学的依据。     

湘水流域近数十年洪涝灾害特性分析

洪涝灾害是孕灾环境、灾害性洪水和承灾体相互作用的结果.在阐述流域孕灾环境的基础上,用近数十年的水情、灾情资料,分析了湘水流域的灾害性洪水及洪涝灾情,以揭示洪涝灾害形成与发展的机制,为流域洪涝灾预测预报及防洪减灾提供依据.     

长江铜陵段老洲水域鱼类资源的初步调查研究

对长江铜陵段老洲水域中的鱼类资源进行了初步调查和研究,结果表明:目前该水域中鱼类共计36种,隶属于8目15科和30属;这些鱼类可分为淡水、洄游和河口3个生态类群,其中以淡水类群为优势类群.自上世纪中后期以来,长江铜陵段老洲水域中的鱼类组成及资源发生都发生了明显的变动,主要特点为鱼类的目数和种数减少、珍稀鱼类的濒危甚至灭绝、渔获物的低龄化和小型化.本文从不科学捕捞、环境污染、栖息地丧失和生物入侵四个方面总结了造成该水域中鱼类组成及资源变动的主要原因,并为长江渔业资源的可持续开发和利用提供了建议性措施.     

Impacts of Soil.Water Conservation in Jialing River on Sedimentation of the Three Gorges Reservoir

The Jialing River is one of the main tributaries of the Yangtze River. The average annual runoff accounts for 16 % and the sediment load 26% of the total at Yichang therefore it＇s one of the main contributors of sediment to the Three Gorges Reservoir. Ever since 1989, our country has implemented ＂Yangtze River soil and water conservation＂ project, Till the end of 1996, altogether 25.8 % of erosion area in Jialing River has been improved after large scale conservation has taken effect. The analysis and comparison between records taken before and after the implementation of soil and water conservation on runoff and sediment yield indicated that the sediment load soil erosion in Jialing river basin has been taken under control to some extent. Amount of annual runoff in main conservations have generally dropped by exponential function. Obvious result has been achieved in Jialing River, efficiency of sand reduction is about 10%-25%. Therefore, sediment to Three Gorges Reservoir is decreased accordingly, and it will be beneficial to take advantage of reser- voir＇s synthetic benefit.