烧结温度对BN/Ni(Cr)自润滑材料组织与性能的影响

以Ni-20％Cr(质量分数)合金粉末作为基体材料,添加体积分数为31.4％的六方BN(h-BN)作为固体润滑剂,采用粉末冶金法制备BN/Ni(Cr)自润滑复合材料.研究不同烧结温度对该复合材料硬度、弯曲强度和孔隙率以及显微组织的影响.研究结果表明:BN/Ni(Cr)自润滑材料的硬度和抗弯强度与Ni-Cr颗粒烧结颈的形成、长大以及孔隙率的变化有关;当烧结温度不超过1 180℃时,随着温度的升高,BN/Ni(Cr)复合材料的孔隙率下降,硬度和弯曲强度均呈上升趋势.     

氮化硼纤维填充聚乙烯醇导热复合材料的制备

以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为基体,选用六方氮化硼纤维（BN fiber）作为导热填料,通过溶液共混的方法制备导热复合材料。结合X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及导热测试结果,探究填料的微观形貌以及与基体的界面相容性对于提升复合材料导热性能的影响。结果表明：BN fiber对于提升复合材料的面内导热率有很好的效果,而且采用过氧化氢（H₂O₂）溶液进行表面改性,可以有效改善界面相容性;当经过1 400℃热处理再经过表面改性的BN fiber（BN fiber-1400-H₂O₂）的填充量为5%（质量分数）时,复合材料的面内导热率达到了1.32 W·m^-1·K^-1,为纯PVA体系的629%,相比于表面改性前提升了60%。     

700℃以上超超临界电站锅炉过热器管材用典型镍基合金的平衡析出相规律

利用热力学计算软件Thermo--Calc及镍基合金数据库,计算了三种700℃以上超超临界电站用过热器管道材料Inconel740、Inconel617和GH2984合金的热力学平衡相图,并对比了三种材料主要析出相的析出行为.计算结果表明:三种合金主要的析出相包括γ、γ'、碳化物、σ、η、δ、μ及α--Cr等,凝固过程中Mo、Nb和Ti元素偏析严重,会降低合金的初熔点,因此后期均匀化退火处理十分重要.另一方面,750℃时Inconel740合金γ'相析出量大于另外两种合金,并且Al和Ti含量对γ'相和η相析出行为有较大影响.碳化物的计算表明,Inconel617合金一次碳化物与另两种合金不同,并且其二次碳化物的析出温度范围最大.GH2984合金中Fe含量较大时会导致σ相出现,对合金的性能产生不利影响.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> FTIR investigation on phase transformations in BN nanoparticles

Fourier transformation infrared spectrum （FTIR） was employed to investigate phase transformation of nanoparticle BN, containing eBN, rBN, wBN and cBN, in which eBN and rBN are the main components. We found that part of eBN was converted into rBN at 200--350℃. At and above 400℃, eBN transformed into wBN, and some of wBN were converted into cBN simultaneously. This conclusion is supported by the results from high- resolution transmission electron microscopic （HRTEM） and Raman spectroscopic measurements. In this work, the converting processes between different BN phases were continuously monitored by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The results will be helpful for synthesis of cBN at moderate conditions.     

BN纳米管载流子注入的库伦效应

以态密度为基础,通过计算系统增加一个电子时,产生的系统能量ΔE变化,以及把BN纳米管看成一个电容入载流子时的库伦效应,得到库伦排斥能,分析库伦排斥对电子输运的影响,研究BN纳米管注入电子的过程.     

锻造工艺对易切削非调质钢析出行为的影响

利用GLEEBLE 1500热模拟试验机、电子显微镜以及化学萃取相分析等手段,较详细地研究了易切削非调质钢35MnVS的析出方式及锻造工艺对其析出行为的影响,并与35VS钢作了对比。结果表明:35VS与35MnVS钢中既有一般析出又有相间析出,析出相主要为V(C,N)和(Ti,V)(C,N)。对35MnVS钢来说,锻造温度较高及冷却速度较慢者,析出相的数量增多,外延生长较充分,尺寸变大。降低终锻温度及冷却速度,使钒的析出量增多,而对钛的析出则影响不大。     

树枝状沉淀相的形貌研究

在铁铝黄铜中,Fe_3Al 沉淀呈立方形、花瓣状和树枝状三种形貌.TEM(透射电镜)观察分析表明,这三种形貌反映了沉淀相在粗化过程中的三个阶段.由于基体β′相和沉淀相的晶体结构十分相似,两者的点阵常数又正好是一倍之差,Fe_3Al 初析出时和基体共格.粗化过程中,沉淀颗粒沿<111>晶向生长,这导致了共格的失配和形貌的转化.     

Mechanism of hot-rolling crack formation in lean duplex stainless steel 2101

The thermoplasticity of duplex stainless steel 2205 (DSS2205) is better than that of lean duplex steel 2101 (LDX2101), which undergoes severe cracking during hot rolling. The microstructure, microhardness, phase ratio, and recrystallization dependence of the deformation compatibility of LDX2101 and DSS2205 were investigated using optical microscopy (OM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), Thermo-Calc software, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the phase-ratio transformations of LDX2101 and DSS2205 were almost equal under the condition of increasing solution temperature. Thus, the phase transformation was not the main cause for the hot plasticity difference of these two steels. The grain size of LDX2101 was substantially greater than that of DSS2205, and the microhardness difference of LDX2101 was larger than that of DSS2205. This difference hinders the transfer of strain from ferrite to austenite. In the rolling process, the ferrite grains of LDX2101 underwent continuous softening and were substantially refined. However, although little recrystallization occurred at the boundaries of austenite, serious deformation accumulated in the interior of austenite, leading to a substantial increase in hardness. The main cause of crack formation is the microhardness difference between ferrite and austenite.     

Effect of aging temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of ZG12Cr9Mo1Co1NiVNbNB ferritic heat-resistant steel

The effect of aging on the mechanical properties and microstructures of a new ZG12Cr9Mo1Co1NiVNbNB ferritic heat resistant steel was investigated in this work to satisfy the high steam parameters of the ultra-supercritical power plant. The results show that the main precipitates during aging are Fe(Cr, Mo)₂₃C₆, V(Nb)C, and (Fe₂Mo) Laves in the steel. The amounts of the precipitated phases increase during aging, and correspondingly, the morphologies of phases are similar to be round. Fe(Cr, Mo)₂₃C₆ appears along boundaries and grows with increasing temperature. In addition, it is revealed that the martensitic laths are coarsened and eventually happen to be polygonization. The hardness and strength decrease gradually, whereas the plasticity of the steel increases. What’s more, the hardness of this steel after creep is similar to that of other 9%–12%Cr ferritic steels. Thus, ZG12Cr9Mo1Co1NiVNbNB can be used in the project.