碱性介质中卤素离子引起铁腐蚀的差异及腐蚀抑制

用电化学方法研究了卤素离子引起久腐蚀的差异，解释了Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ＾－，Ｉ＾－引起铁孔蚀的顺序，发现Ｆ＾－对铁阳极过程的影响明显不同其它卤素离子，通过络合效应和沉淀效应解释了Ｆ＾－和ＥＤＴＡ对铁孔蚀的抑制作用。     

过氧化氢在酸,碱性介质中氧化,还原性差异的原因

本文从 H_O_2的电极反应的氧化反应和还原反应半反应入手,结合热办学原理和偶合反应原理,运用自由能变与电极电势的关系从理论上解释了 H_2O_2在酸碱性介质中氧化还原性存在极大差异的原因.     

An in situ zircon Hf isotopic,U-Pb age and trace element study of banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt： Tracking the early evolution of the lower crust in the North China craton

Backscattered electron images, in situ Hf isotopes, U-Pb ages and trace elements of zircons in a banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt have been studied. The results show that the banded granulite is a sample derived from the early lower crust of the North China craton. It is difficult to explain the petrogenesis of the xenolith with a single process. Abundant information on several processes, however, is contained in the granulite. These processes in-clude the addition of mantle material, crustal remelting, metamorphic differentiation and the delamination of early lower crust. About 80% of zircons studied yield ages of 1842 ±40 Ma, except few ages of 3097-2824 Ma and 2489-2447 Ma. The zircons with ages older than 2447 Ma have high εHf (up to +18.3) and high Hf model age (2.5-2.6 Ga), indicating that the primitive materials of the granulite were derived mainly from a depleted mantle source in late Archean. Most εhf of the zircons with early Proterozoic U-Pb age vary around zero, but two have     

Noble gases in corundum megacrysts from the basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China

This study presents noble gaseous data of the corundum megacrysts from the Cenozoic basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China. It is known that no noble gaseous data of corundum megacryst have been documented before. The 3He/4He ratios (1.13-7.37 Ra) of the corundums from Changle vary from atmosphere to MORB values; the 20Ne/22Ne (9.67-10.75) and 21Ne/22Ne (0.0280-0.0372) data define two linear trends on Ne three-isotope diagram, respectively, along the MFL and the correlation line between atmosphere and MORB; the 38Ar/36Ar (0.177-0.194) ratios, the 40Ar/36Ar (280.9 -404.2) ratios and the 128-136Xe/132Xe ration with obvious 129Xe excess are generally higher than at-mospheric component, but the 40Ar/36Ar ratios are much closer to atomospheric ratio. The isotopic compositions of noble gases (particularly for He and Ar) of the corundums are similar to those of py-roxene, anorthoclase megacrysts, and mantle-derived xenoliths from this area, and those of man-tle-derived xenoliths from several areas in eastern China. Therefore, the noble gases trapped in the corundums probably are from mantle source, representing a ‘mixed fluid' produced by the interaction between the lithospheric mantle and fluids releasing from the convective plate. Both the noble gas isotopic compositions and the oxygen isotopic compositions of the solid corundums are not the characteristics of crustal source. These suggest that the corundums crystallized from mantle-derived magmas with minimal crustal contamination.     

N235协同萃取碱性氰化浸金溶液中的金(Ⅰ)

由N235与路易斯碱三辛基氧膦(TOPO)组成协同萃取体系,对碱性氰化浸金贵液中金(Ⅰ)协同萃取和反萃进行了研究.研究了有机相中N235含量、水相平衡pH、相比等因素对金(Ⅰ)萃取率的影响,考察了反萃液中氢氧化钠液浓度对负载金有机相的反萃效果.结果表明,采用有机相为10% 10%协萃剂TOPO 80%煤油的协萃体系,对pH=9～10和初始金(Ⅰ)质量浓度ρo=10.87 mg/L碱性氰化浸金贵液进行萃取时,经一级萃取后,萃取率可高达98%左右;同时,采用0.05～0.1 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液可对负载有机相进行反萃,反萃率达到91%以上.     

关于Fe(Ⅲ)在酸碱介质中氧化性强弱的讨论

应用标准电极电势和热力学偶合反应原理对Fe(III)在酸碱介质中氧化性质不同的原因进行探讨。     

明溪蓝宝石改色机理探讨

利用顺磁共振谱、红外光谱和热谱等方法，研究明溪蓝宝石的结构特性，分析结果表明，Fe主要以Fe^3 的形式存在，Fe^3 的d-d电子跃迁和Fe^2 -Ti^4 ，O-Fe间电荷转移是致色的主要因素。浓度差可以作为扩散动力，高温可以加速扩散的实现。OH^-位于晶格中，H的含量与蓝宝石蓝颜色有一定的正相关性，在改色工艺中，应注重控制Fe^2 的量和提高气氛中H的含量，以促进蓝色致色因子的进一步形成，去除杂色，改善蓝宝石的颜色。     

碱性蛋白酶催化的Henry反应

Henry反应是一类重要的碳碳键形成反应，广泛用于各类天然产物和医药中间体合成中．使用碱性蛋白酶催化芳香醛和硝基甲烷之间的Henry反应，在室温的条件下，得到对应的产物，产率高达88％．     

一种新型电池的开发和研究

本文从燃料电池在国内发展的技术状况，各类型燃料电池特性对比，结合我国国情，提出了我国应研究开发熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的建议和设想。     

铅烷发生的酸性模式与碱性模式的对比研究

用FI－HG－AAS系统对K2Cr2O7体系铅烷发生的碱性模式与酸性模式进行了对比研究，观察反应中反应物摩尔量与铅烷产率关系后发现酸性模式与碱性模式有相同的规律，采用高浓度K2Cr2O7氧化，其还原产物Cr(Ⅲ）会生成CrBn沉淀，严重吸附铅离子，导致铅信号下降。