兰州黄河岸边卵石层大吨位桩基自平衡法试验研究

对兰州深安黄河大桥进行桩基自平衡法试验。在对黄河岸边的岩土层进行桩基试验时,对桩基的极限侧阻力和端阻力标准值的取值提出建议,并在兰州地区进行自平衡法桩基试验时,对桩基侧摩阻力的取值提出建议。     

基于改进多目标遗传算法的连铸二冷过程优化

采用一种改进的多目标遗传算法对二冷工艺进行优化.改进的多目标遗传算法应用概率法选取选择算子，根据适应度值来动态计算交叉和变异概率，能够得到更好的全局最优解，提高算法精度和整体性能.在基于凝固传热模型的二冷优化过程中，采用变间距差分法离散求解传热方程，对比粒子群算法、多目标遗传算法，改进的多目标遗传算法搜索效率高，得到的价值函数最小.在实际生产中，采用优化后的二冷工艺，使得总用水量减少约10%，提高了铸坯质量，达到了节能降耗的要求.     

弱智儿童的脑机制及教育启示探析

弱智儿童的脑机制是我国特殊教育界尚未探讨的一个领域。从智力、弱智和学习的本质出发,探讨了弱智儿童脑发育的机制和脑活动机制,认为弱智儿童脑发育的正常机制因为先天、后天的遗传异常或损伤遭到了破坏,由此导致了神经系统的传导失能,并表现为神经环路的形成困难、传导的信息堵塞和消失这些主要的神经活动特点。提出了干预或教育弱智儿童的三大措施,包括食物或物质干预、文化给予以及感官训练与文化、言语的结合。     

工程实践中的体系与系统

 介绍了国际上通行的体系概念，通过实例阐述了常见的体系类型，从多个维度描述了系统与体系的区别，根据实践总结，提出体系与系统的核心界定准则，并结合工程实践进行了详细描述。     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.

     

Hom-李三系上的乘积结构和复结构

本文主要从代数角度研究Hom-李三系上的两种几何结构,即积结构、复结构。分别给出了积结构和复结构存在时对应的Hom-李三系的分解。同时,也研究了一些特殊的积结构和复结构。最后,在这两种结构间增加一个兼容条件,得到了复积结构。     

外汇欧式期权在市场不完备下的对冲误差分析

本文研究了外汇欧式期权的对冲误差问题,针对典型的静态和动态Delta对冲策略,在对冲过程不连续和利率平价公式不成立的市场不完备情形下,给出了即期对冲和远期对冲的对冲误差公式,从而能够更准确地衡量实际对冲组合产生的风险.在研究Delta对冲策略过程中,本文提出了一个包含摩擦系数ε的外汇远期汇率模型,并通过分析即期对冲和远期对冲的差异,给出了最优对冲方式的判别条件.该判别条件依赖于摩擦系数ε,做市商仅通过对摩擦系数ε实时的监控,便可以选择最优的风险对冲方式,从而提高了对冲效率.本文提出的对冲误差的具体解析式和最优对冲方式的判别条件为外汇期权对冲及其风险管理提供了理论依据.实证结果表明,本文提出的期望收益差与实际对冲组合的收益差基本一致,从而验证了判别条件的合理性.     

乡村振兴绩效评价:意义、维度与路径

2018年,中共中央、国务院印发《中国乡村振兴战略规划(2018-2022年)》,全面部署和布局乡村振兴战略.文章基于政府绩效评价的理念和方法,构建乡村振兴绩效评价指标体系,明确评价维度,为实现乡村振兴、城乡融合发展提供价值导向、度量体系和动力工具.该评价维度包涵资源投入、过程监管、目标实现情况和社会满意度四个方面.文章指出,相关单位以绩效评价推进乡村振兴时应注重顶层设计,强化部门协同,构建评价体系,引入第三方评价主体,凸显农民获得感.     

Simultaneous anti-windup synthesis for linear systems subject to actuator saturation

A synthesis method for global stability and performance of input constrained linear systems, which uses a linear outputfeedback controller and a static anti-windup compensator is investigated. Different from the traditional two-step anti-windup design procedure, the proposed method synthesizes all controller parameters simultaneously. Sufficient conditions for global stability and minimizing the induced L2 gain are formulated and solved as a linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) optimization problem, which also provides an opportunity to search for a better performance tradeoff between the linear controller and the anti-windup compensator.The well-posedness of the close-loop system is also guaranteed.Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Modeling eBay price using stochastic differential equations

Online auctions have become increasingly popular in recent years. There is a growing body of research on this topic, whereas modeling online auction price curves constitutes one of the most interesting problems. Most research treats price curves as deterministic functions, which ignores the random effects of external and internal factors. To account for the randomness, a more realistic model using stochastic differential equations is proposed in this paper. The online auction price is modeled by a stochastic differential equation in which the deterministic part is equivalent to the second‐order differential equation model proposed in Wang et al. (Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2008, 103, 1100–1118). The model also includes a component representing the measurement errors. Explicit expressions for the likelihood function are also obtained, from which statistical inference can be conducted. Forecast accuracy of the proposed model is compared with the ODE (ordinary differential equation) approach. Simulation results show that the proposed model performs better.