Catalysis of protein folding by prolyl isomerase

Rates of protein folding reactions vary considerably. Some denatured proteins regain the native conformation within milliseconds or seconds, whereas others refold very slowly in the time range of minutes or hours. Varying folding rates are observed not only for different proteins, but can also be detected for single polypeptide species. This originates from the co-existence of fast- and slow-folding forms of the unfolded protein, which regain the native state with different rates. The proline hypothesis provides a plausible explanation for this heterogeneity. It assumes that the slow-folding molecules possess non-native isomers of peptide bonds between proline and another residue, and that crucial steps in the refolding of the slow-folding molecules are limited in rate by the slow reisomerization of such incorrect proline peptide bonds. Recently the enzyme peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) was discovered and purified from pig kidney. It catalyses efficiently the cis in equilibrium trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Here we show that it also catalyses slow steps in the refolding of a number of proteins of which fast- and slow-folding species have been observed and where it was suggested that proline isomerization was involved in slow refolding. The efficiency of catalysis depends on the accessibility for the isomerase of the particular proline peptide bonds in the refolding protein chain.     

Glioma cell activation by Alzheimer's peptide Abeta1-42, alpha1-antichymotrypsin,and their mixture

We compared the effects ofAlzheimer's peptide (Abeta1-42), a,-antichymotrypsin (ACT) and an ACT/Abeta1-42 mixture on human glioma DK-MG cells. The solution of Abeta (5 microM) formed by 2-h incubation at room temperature induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels by 55 and 45%, respectively, and increased gelatinase B activity by 67%, while exposure of cells to the ACT/Abeta1-42 mixture (1:10 molar ratio ACT: Abeta1-42) under the same experimental conditions showed no effect on IL-6 levels or gelatinase B activity, but strongly induced TNF-alpha (by 190%), compared to the controls. Stimulation of the cells with Abeta1-42 alone, but not with ACT, increased by about 20% low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake and mRNA levels for LDL receptor and HMG-CoA reductase, while the ACT/Abeta1-42 mixture significantly increased LDL uptake (by 50%), up-regulated mRNA levels for LDL receptor and HMG-CoA reductase by 48 and 63%, respectively, and increased lipid accumulation by about 20-fold. These data suggest a possible new role for Abeta in Alzheimer's disease through its interaction with the inflammatory reactant, ACT.     

试论西藏人力资源开发与教育体制创新

21世纪,知识和技术将成为经济生活的主导因素。它昭示着一场正在酝酿中的生产力革命以及未来的经济格局。人力资源作为生产力的主要构成要素必将在其中发挥举足轻重的作用。然而,西藏在教育和人力资源管理的整体发展水平上明显滞后,实现西藏教育创新和人力资源开发从不断进步到全面繁荣、“从输血”模式变为“造血”模式都面临着新的环境和新考验。因此,我们必须总结西藏教育创新和人力资源开发持续进步的基本经验,作为我们不断改革和创新西藏教育模式的依据和出发点,为全面提升人力资源开发能力寻求动力;并通过检查目前教育创新和人力资源开发的体制,从而为以制度变迁推动教育创新和人力资源开发这一基本模式奠定新的基础。     

麦草碱木质素的氧化和磺甲基化改性

针对麦草碱木质素水溶性差、相对分子质量低的问题,以Fenton试剂为氧化剂、亚硫酸钠为磺化剂对麦草浆碱木质素进行氧化和磺甲基化改性.采用分子轨道理论对碱木质素和羟甲基化碱木质素分子单元进行了电荷密度计算,发现愈创木基单元中苯环上的C-5位最容易进行磺甲基反应.将麦草碱木质素经氧化后进行磺甲基化反应,得到磺甲基化碱木质素,红外光谱测试表明产物中具有磺酸基的特征吸收峰,电导滴定法测得其磺化度为0.96mmol/g,Zeisel法测得甲氧基含量为5.41%,凝胶渗透色谱测得其重均相对分子质量M-w达6 653.当溶液质量浓度为30 g/L时,溶液表面张力达45.3mN/m.水泥净浆流动度测试表明,产物对水泥净浆的分散性能与木质素磺酸钙相近.     

基于DMC204的数控系统开发与应用

提出了在Windows操作系统平台上实现实时多任务处理的CNC系统控制体系结构，并依据这一结构方案，具体实现了一个具有开放性、模块化特征的简易CNC应用软件，该数控软件在经改造后的CK6140H普通车床上应用结果表明，车床的运行精度和效率大为提高。     

电磁类传感器实验研究

利用先进的测试设备,对电磁类传感器进行实验研究,提出新的等效电路,为定性分析提供方便;确定最佳激励频率,改善其性能指标。     

最小相位系统MRAS的工程设计法

本文给出适用于所有最小相位系统为被控对象的MRAS的简化工程设计方法,对于解决一般工程控制问题具有普遍意义.作为本方法的理论依据,文中给出一条定理及其数学证明.定理表明使用该方法设计的MRAS满足渐近超稳定性条件.文中还讨论了该方法的应用情况,从而论证了该方法的合理性和可行性.     

具有附加质量矩阵的广义特征值问题的近似解法

在实际工程中常常遇到具有附加质量矩阵的广义特征值问题，本文介绍 一个求解这一问题的简捷计算方法。应用这一算法，可以利用原广义特征值 问题的解，通过迭代求解一个规模很小的线性代数方程组获得新特征值问题 的近似解，从而能有效地减少计算时间。这一方法对于具有附加质量矩阵形 式的大型结构的特征值问题十分有效。算例结果表明：一般只需迭代１～２次 就可以获得精度很高的计算成果。