建党百年广东省科技创新事业迈向新征程

与中国共产党的百年发展历程相伴的是国家科学技术的快速发展.广东省作为国家社会与经济发展的前沿阵地,其科学创新的发展经验能够代表国家在改革浪潮中的发展变化.尤其是改革开放伟大征程的开启以及粤港澳大湾区规划的提出,促进了广东省科技创新事业的快速发展.广东省目前已成为国际科技创新的重要发生地,甚至在一些科技创新领域领先全球.文章通过回顾改革开放40多年来广东省科技创新取得的伟大成就,从政策、人才培养与引进、制度创新与科创平台建设、企业发展等领域分析广东省科技创新发展的特征、优势以及独特的做法,以期为我国科技创新的发展提供借鉴.     

螺栓连接大变形梁非线性振动特性的实验研究

柔性机械臂、大型可展开天线等机械结构的动作精度受运动过程中大变形几何非线性和连接处接触非线性的影响十分显著。以含螺栓连接结构的大变形梁作为研究对象，针对动力学建模和振动特性开展了实验研究，通过数值计算验证了实验发现的非线性振动特性。搭建了含螺栓连接柔性大变形梁的实验台架，开展了敲击和正弦激振的实验测试。实验结果表明，螺栓连接的柔性梁较连续梁的（无螺栓连接）模态频率降低，阻尼增加，反映出随着激励能量增大，模态频率降低的非线性模态特征。改变螺栓连接位置会显著影响结构的模态频率，其变化规律可由求解线性矩阵特征值定性反映。     

基于放电检测和机器视觉技术的火花塞缺陷检测系统

为了减少传统人眼目测检测造成的误差,提高火花塞的缺陷检测效率,设计了1种基于放电检测技术和机器视觉技术的火花塞缺陷检测系统.火花塞缺陷检测系统由工控机、NI DAQ数据采集卡、IGBT驱动板、IGBT模块、点火线圈、分压模块和工业相机构成.利用脉宽调制技术和电磁感应原理,对火花塞施加电压,通过抓拍点火线圈电压输出下火花塞放电火花的位置信息,检测火花塞陶瓷件是否存在缺陷.试验结果表明:该火花塞缺陷检测系统输出的放电高电压安全可测,检测精度更是高达95％,满足了火花塞缺陷检测的实际应用需求.     

云计算视角下可验证计算的分析研究

云计算能否在未来的各个领域中被广泛运用,决定因素在于其可信度。可验证计算在检测云计算结果的可信度方面具有其独特优势。利用可验证计算协议可验证云服务器端所返回的数据是否正确,它成为实现云计算可信度的重要保障。文中在阐述可验证计算基本内容和相关设计原则的基础上,分析了可验证计算协议的一般流程、设计原则及计算模型,并结合基于交互系统的可验证计算协议分析,探讨在云计算视角下可验证计算的研究展望。     

青藏铁路含保温夹层路基厚度与地温关系的研究

通过对青藏铁路风火山段含有保温夹层的路基建立均匀介质分层纯导热模型并运用分层近似解法求出冻土表层的温度函数,结合Lachenbruch给出的冻土层的理论温度表达式,得到了路基填料层、保温层、地表年平均温度与正弦变化温度的振幅比三者之间的隐式方程,并应用该方程对三者之间的关系进行了分析.     

含砂雾封层在桥面铺装工程中的应用

结合含砂雾封层在国道205桥面铺装上的应用,深入分析了含砂雾封层的防水、防老化作用机理,本文系统总结了国道205桥面雾封层施工质量的控制要点,并对施工前后封层各项性能指标进行跟踪检测,分析结果表明采取含砂雾封层措施确实能对桥面早期微裂缝进行有效封水,延缓桥面病害的发生,延长沥青路面的使用寿命。     

自学考试“助学二学历”优化管理探究——以南京农业大学为例

南京农业大学作为首批"助学二学历"试点单位之一,自2010年起,在本校范围内积极开展了"助学二学历"教育工作。经过几年的实践与探索,积累了丰富的教学管理经验,同时也取得了一定的成果。本文基于南京农业大学实践经验,分析了"助学二学历"开展的现状及存在的问题,提出了增强宣传力度,提高普及水平;立足学生需求,增设优势专业;加强组织建设,完善管理体系;重视过程管理,保障教学质量等策略。对自学考试"助学二学历"优化管理进行探讨,有利于高校推进自学考试事业的发展,培养复合型人才,更好地满足社会对人才多样化需求。     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.

     

Fuzzy Views on Black-Litterman Portfolio Selection Model

In this paper, views of investor are described in fuzzy sets, and two fuzzy Black-Litterman models are constructed with fuzzy views and fuzzy random views respectively. In the models, expected returns and uncertainty matrix of views are redefined and the views are formulated by fuzzy approaches suitably. Then the models are tested with data from Chinese financial markets. Empirical results show that the fuzzy random views model performs the best, and both the fuzzy models are better than the traditional ones, demonstrating that the fuzzy approaches can contain more information in the views and measure the uncertainty more correctly.     

Speeding Up the GVW Algorithm via a Substituting Method

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - The GVW algorithm is an efficient signature-based algorithm for computing Gröbner bases. In this paper, the authors consider the implementation of...