Molecular cloning and polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex class I genes from grass carp (Ctenophayngodon idellus)

In order to clarify the molecular sequences,allelic polymorphism and the tertiary structure of grass carp (Ctenophayngodon idellus) MHC class I,and to further study their relationship with disease resistances,grass carp MHC class I gene (Ctid-MHC I) was cloned from a cDNA library and the allelic polymorphism in the population was investigated.The results showed that most of the variations exist in the peptide-binding domain (PBD) and high polymorphism was identified in the Ctid-MHC I allelic genes from 12 individuals.Based on the genetic distance,Ctid-MHC class I can be classified into 6 types (from Ctid-MHC I-UA to Ctid-MHC I-UF) which were subdivided into 9 lineages (from A to I).Comparison of the Ctid-MHC I among animals and humans showed that the key amino acids of the peptide binding sites are conserved.Analysis of the tertiary structure of the PBD between Grass carp and human crystallographic data of HLA-A2,the variation with insertion or deletion was found in eight regions (A～H).The phylogenetic tree of MHC class I indicates the evolution of MHC class I among grass carp,fish,amphibian,birds,higher vertebrates and humans.     

人源程序性死亡配体PD-L2蛋白的原核表达与抗血清制备

利用原核表达系统获得包涵体表达形式的重组蛋白h PD-L220~123(Ig V结构域)和h PD-L220~208(Ig V结构域和Ig C结构域);将重组蛋白利用Ni-NTA柱亲和层析纯化与复性后,作为免疫原免疫Balb/c雌性小鼠制备鼠抗人的多抗血清,经ELISA法检测其效价均达到1∶106;Western-blot实验结果表明,制备的多抗血清均能特异性识别h PD-L2蛋白.以制备的多抗血清进行IHC实验评估与鉴定,结果显示:以h PD-L220~123重组蛋白为免疫原制备的多抗血清阳性较弱且定位模糊,以h PD-L220~208重组蛋白为免疫原制备的多抗血清具有很强的膜定位且背景清晰.     

京津冀协同视角下区域大气污染现状及综合防治研究

京津冀区域大气污染已成为全国空气污染的重灾区,目前京津冀区域大气污染合作治理共识已基本形成。本文在对京津冀大气污染区域合作治理现状进行系统研究的基础上,以SO2、NO2、PM10、PM2.5四种污染物为指标,对京津冀目前大气质量状况以及15年来的大气质量变化趋势做了全面梳理分析。对存在的问题进行了探讨,并针对当前京津冀区域大气污染防治措施提出了建议,以期为破解区域大气污染治理困境提供借鉴参考。     

异烟肼-柚皮素共晶的表征及其性能研究

以抗结核药异烟肼和黄酮类天然产物柚皮素为原料,采用混悬法制得异烟肼-柚皮素的药物-药物共晶。通过XRPD、DSC、FTIR、SSNMR和LNMR等分析技术对共晶产物进行了表征,分析了共晶分子间的氢键作用,确定了共晶中异烟肼和柚皮素的比例;对异烟肼、柚皮素和共晶在模拟生理液中的表观平衡溶解度进行了比较研究。结果表明,异烟肼的酰肼基和吡啶氮与柚皮素上的3个羟基在共晶中形成了新的氢键,共晶产物中异烟肼与柚皮素的摩尔比为1∶1;共晶能大幅降低异烟肼的表观平衡溶解度,提高柚皮素的表观平衡溶解度,说明所得共晶能够在保留异烟肼抗结核药效的同时,减弱肝损伤,药理作用明显。     

大型基础下含软弱夹层的层状砂土变形计算

基于饱和土的相关理论,推导了大型基础下层状地基的沉降计算模型.考虑不同的土性,根据修正剑桥模型和摩尔-库伦模型,推导了K_○0条件下且能够考虑其塑性变形的压缩模量.基于平面网格子域法结合分层总和法建立了一个完整的、更加贴近工程实际的大型基础下含软弱夹层的层状砂土地基沉降计算模型.研究结果表明:该模型的计算结果与模拟结果很贴近,且能够突出体现出软弱夹层的变形特性.研究结论可为含软弱夹层的大型基础地基沉降计算提供直接参考依据.     

双稳系统中布洛赫波峰湍流的统计性质

双稳系统中的布洛赫波峰的横向失稳可以引起波峰湍流,其不规则运动体现为斑图中的漩涡自发而不规则地产生和湮灭.本文以受驱动系统的复Ginzburg-Landau方程为模型,研究了布洛赫波峰湍流的统计性质.计算了漩涡产生速率和湮灭速率,以漩涡数量时间序列为基础,给出了漩涡动力学变化遵循的主方程.对湍流中漩涡对关联函数的计算表明,漩涡产生/湮灭速率中各幂次项来源于漩涡产生/湮灭事件与周围不同数量的漩涡的短程相互作用.     

Synthesis of the 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide (3D-C@MnO) nanocomposite and its supercapacitor behavior study

A 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via a thermal plasma deposition method. The chemical bonds and compositions, phase structures, surface morphologies, etc. of as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite were characterized by the various equipment, such as X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopes. The electrochemical performances of the [email protected] nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 780 F g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 and a capacitance retention rate of 99% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^?1. These excellent capacitive performances may be attributed to the encapsulation of MnO nanoparticles by porous carbon sheets in the [email protected] MnO nanocomposite structure. It is believed that the carbon-encapsulated MnO nanoparticles can be protected from a volume deformation during the charge adsorption/desorption cycle and can be electrically improved by the encapsulated carbon sheets, resulting in better overall capacitive performance. In addition, this study also demonstrates the practical applicability by assembling a supercapacitor using the as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite to glow a light emitting diode.     

《计量地理学》分段式教学探讨

顺应大学生加强实践教学环节的时代要求,《计量地理学》由过去讲授为主的专业基础课程,改革为实践课程。依据《计量地理学》自身学科发展及学习思维认知理论,提出新的分段式课程教学方案:讲授—验证学习阶段、启发—引导学习阶段、指导—自主学习阶段、评测—互助教学阶段以及综合应用阶段。实现了从知识讲授到能力培养的转变,以实现实践课的目的要求。     

Antiinflammatory and analgesic effect of herbal cocktail Hongbaekjeong via inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 release

Though Hongbaekjeong(HBJ),a hebal mixture of three medicinal plants,has been traditionally used for arthritis and muscular pain,its scientific evidence still remains unclear.Thus,in the present study,analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanism of HBJ was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.HBJ significantly reduced NO production and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)release and also attenuated the expression of cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2)in lipopolysaccharides(LPS)and interferon(IFN)-c treated RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,HBJ abrogated the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin(IL)1b,IL-6,IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in LPS and IFN-c treated RAW 264.7 cells.In addition,HBJ significantly decreased the number of writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid,and also increased latency in hot-plate method and tail flick test in mice.Consistently,HBJ significantly reduced the edema volume in the hind paw of the rats with arthritis induced by Freund’s complete adjuvant(FCA)compared to untreated control.Collectively,our findings demonstrate the antiinflammatory and analgesic potential of HBJ via inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE2 release for treatment of arthritis and muscular pain.     

柏拉图对诗中英雄形象的尽善尽美为何行不通——以革命样板戏中“高大全”式英雄形象的失败为参照

出于建设理想国度、教化公民的政治目的,柏拉图在《理想国》卷二至卷三中,对诗中的英雄形象提出了尽善尽美的要求。柏拉图心目中的完美英雄形象与新中国革命样板戏中的"高大全"式英雄形象有着许多相似处,后者在文艺史中的失败,虽然间接却十分充分地说明柏拉图对诗中英雄形象的尽善尽美要求行不通。柏拉图对"理想国"中的公民缺乏信心,担心公民会受不好的文艺、教育影响,因此他强调诗人的教化职责,要求诗中的英雄形象必须尽善尽美。