(异)螺甾烷型甾体皂苷元的选择性开环反应研究

利用一种全新的甾体皂苷元E/F全开环体系,即室温下,加入催化量的无水AlCl3,以CH3COCl作开环试剂、CH2Cl2作溶剂的开环体系,以良好的收率及选择性实现了甾体工业重要基础原料薯蓣皂苷元、剑麻皂苷元的E/F全开环,提出了可能的开环反应机理.开环产物具有胆甾烷的完整碳骨架并在C16,C22,C26位引入了具有良好衍生能力的多个官能团,该产物为一系列高活性甾体化合物的简捷合成提供了原料.     

土大黄研究进展

 综述了土大黄古籍文献、临床应用及现代药理研究品种,发现土大黄古籍文献、临床应用品种较少,主要集中在羊蹄、尼泊尔酸模、钝叶酸模,用于止血、抗炎、治疗皮肤病。现代药理研究品种较多,其中羊蹄、巴天酸模研究最多,其次是钝叶酸模、皱叶酸模、尼泊尔酸模,具有抗菌、止血、保肝、降糖、抗炎、抗肿瘤、治疗皮肤病等作用。但仍缺乏药理研究相应的临床应用和古籍文献记载,临床应用部分单味药和大多复方制剂仍缺乏品种鉴定或品种标注。     

Comparative stability analyses of traditional and selective room-and-pillar mining techniques for sub-horizontal tungsten veins

The stability and productivity concerning a modification on the traditional room and pillar for a new selective technique at the Portuguese Panasqueira Mine have been described. The traditional room-and-pillar stoping uses 5.0-m wide rooms with 3.0 m×3.0 m pillars, while the selective room-and-pillar mining technique consists in stoping with rooms of 4.0 m wide and pillars of 4 m×4 m with a subsequent selective cutting of the quartz veins at the mid pillar of approximately 0.5 m high, to obtain a pillar section with an area of 3.0 m×3.0 m. The stability and productivity analyses indicate that the selective technique obtains smaller average pillar safety factor, more rock mass displacement, more extraction and selectivity ratios, and ore grade improvement, compared with the traditional technique. These results show that the selective technique is also more convenient. This proposed selective room-and-pillar mining technique is applicable to any sub-horizontal narrow quartz veins with wolfram, gold, etc. such as the famous La Rinconada gold mine in the Peruvian Andes.     

钨合金精密磨削砂轮磨损及对表面质量的影响机制

为了满足钨合金零件的高精度和高完整性表面加工需求,实现钨合金磨削质量的控制和加工工艺的优化,通过分析砂轮磨粒种类和结合剂类型对砂轮磨损形式的关系,明确了超硬磨料砂轮在钨合金磨削加工中的优势.研究了磨粒粒度和磨削参数对钨合金磨削加工质量的影响规律,为制定合理的磨削工艺提供依据.通过磨削试验获得钨合金高精度和高完整性表面磨削加工工艺.研究结果表明,钨合金磨削过程中砂轮易磨损,超硬磨料砂轮更适合钨合金的磨削加工.金属结合剂金刚石砂轮在钨合金磨削加工的表面质量和加工精度方面表现出优越性.通过改进磨削参数,钨合金精密磨削后表面粗糙度可达18.9 nm,实现了镜面磨削效果.     

新疆金发藓科的新记录属——仙鹤藓属

金发藓科(Polytrichaceae)目前全世界共17属.我国有6属54种,新疆有4属12种.其中仙鹤藓属在全世界有20种,中国有6种,1变种.通过利用扫描电镜法对仙鹤藓属植物的孢子和蒴齿进行微形态观察,利用徒手切片法对其叶片、茎进行切割并在光学显微镜下观察其形态结构并照相,结果发现从新疆天山西部地区特克斯县琼库什台和巩留县塔里木采集的3份标本具有相同的特征,并与文献进行比较后发现其特征与小胞仙鹤藓[Atrichum rhystopphyllum( Müll. Hal.) Par.]一致,确定为小胞仙鹤藓.最主要的特征是叶腹面栉片4～6列,多数高2～5个细胞.仙鹤藓属和小胞仙鹤藓是新疆首次发现的新记录属、新记录种.本文提供了小胞仙鹤藓的详细的形态描述及图版,并提供了新疆金发藓科植物的分属检索表;该种的发现为新疆金发藓科的研究提供了新的资料.     

基于改进YOLOv5的铝型材表面缺陷检测方法

针对铝型材表面缺陷不同类别尺寸差别较大,导致检测效果较差的情况,本文提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的铝型材表面缺陷检测算法。首先,在网络中嵌入CA(coordinate attention)注意力机制模块,使网络更好地抑制图像中无效样本的干扰,更多聚焦于有用信息;其次,在原有检测层上增加一个小目标检测层,获取和传递更为丰富且更具判别性的小目标特征,以解决对小目标缺陷检测精度低的问题,提高整体检测精度;最后,引入SIoU损失函数,用边界框回归之间的向量角度来重新定义损失函数,在有效减少总自由度损失的同时提高推理精度。将改进算法应用到天池铝型材数据集中进行验证,实验结果表明：该模型能有效识别铝型材表面不同种类的缺陷,较原YOLOv5算法mAP提高11.4个百分点,检测速度达到66.4 frame/s,能够满足目前铝型材工厂生产现场缺陷检测要求。     

基于区间解析冗余关系的参数不确定性研究

本文主要目的是拓展基于区间解析冗余关系法I-ARRs(Interval valued Analytical Redundancy Relations)对不确定性混杂系统的故障检测。该方法产生一组对故障估计的阈值,一旦标称残差超过阈值,则故障能被检测。现有的故障检测方法主要是针对参数性故障,因此对测量信号导数的估计呈现出各种限制。而且在I-ARRs中对测量信号导数十分敏感,这不可避免地涉及到对残差的估计。为解决这一问题,利用鲁棒滑模微分器方法得到对含噪声测量信号导数最优估计,降低残差噪声,以减小虚警、漏报,从而提高鲁棒性。通过典型电力电子电路BUCK电路仿真,验证了此方法的有效性。     

An aqueous extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan alters the labeling of blood constituents with Technetium-99m

The Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is a formula of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat asthma patients and has been shown to have several important properties,such as antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.The influence of an extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m was investigated.Anticoagulated blood(Wistar rats) was incubated with the extract,stannous chloride and technetium-99m,as sodium pertechnetate.Samples were centrifuged and aliquots of plasma and blood cells were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid,to obtain soluble and insoluble fractions of the blood constituents.The percentage of radioactivity(%ATI) in all the fractions was determined.The analysis of the results shows that the extract at the highest concentration used(70 mg/mL) decreased significantly(P<0.05) the %ATI(from 96.48 ± 1.19 to 54.46 ± 7.38) on blood cells compartment,(from 81.11 ± 4.15 to 61.33 ± 4.74) on insoluble fractions of blood cells and(from 65.91 ± 2.44 to 13.15 ± 3.62) on insoluble fractions of plasma.In conclusion,the results suggest that the substances present on this extract can alter this labeling process,probably due to(i) redox properties(antioxidant and chelator activities) and/or(ii) specific actions in the binding sites where the 99mTc would be bound on the blood constituents.As a consequence,precaution is suggested on the interpretation of the nuclear medicine results from performed with blood constituents labeled with 99m Tc in patients that have undertaken LWDHW,although the current findings were obtained in experimental animal models.     

红斑丹毒丝菌C43065株spaA基因的克隆和表达

通过PCR从红斑丹毒丝菌C43065株基因组DNA中扩增出编码信号肽除外的成熟SpaA蛋白基因spaA,将其克隆到表达载体pET32a的BamHⅠ和Hind Ⅲ位点上,构建重组表达质粒pET-spaA,转化大肠杆菌BL21,在IPTG诱导下表达N端带有Trx标签的融合蛋白rSpaA,SDS-PAGE检测表达蛋白.DNA测序结果表明,spaA基因大小为1794 bp,编码由597个氨基酸残基组成的成熟SpaA蛋白,SDS-PAGE结果显示在大肠杆菌BL21中成功表达了分子量约为86 kDa的重组rSpaA,为进一步开展SpaA保护区域的研究奠定基础.     

异常体液型冠心病患者细胞黏附分子含量的变化

根据维吾尔医学体液论,对305例维吾尔族冠心病患者进行异常体液分型分组,采用ELISA法,检测冠心病患者血浆可溶性细胞间黏附分子(slCAM-1)和可溶性血管细胞黏附分子(sVCAM-1)含量.观察不同异常体液型冠心病患者细胞黏附分子含量的变化.探讨细胞黏附分子在冠心病维吾尔医学异常体液分型中的临床意义.结果显示,305例维吾尔族冠心病患者中,异常黑胆质型冠心病70例、异常血液质型冠心病126例、异常胆液质型冠心病28例、异常黏液质型冠心病81例.与健康对照组比较.各组冠心病患者slCAM-1.sVCAM-1含量均有明显增加(P<0.01);在异常血液质组、异常胆液质组、异常黏液质组3组之间两两比较.均无显著性差异(p>0.05);但与其他3组进行两两比较.异常黑胆质组slCAM-1.sVCAM-1含量均高于其他各组(P<0.05).这表明.不同异常体液型冠心病患者细胞黏附分子含量均发生异常变化.异常黑胆质型冠心病患者细胞黏附分子含量的异常变化较其他异常体液型冠心病患者更为严重.