水热法制备四方相KTa0.6Nb0.4O3及其电导与光学性能的研究

利用水热合成法在温度180～240℃和KOH浓度7～18mol/L的条件下合成了四方相KTa0.6Nb0.4O3（KTN）超微粉.通过XRD、UV-Vis和电导率等的测试分析,对粉体的水热合成工艺和性能进行了系统的研究.结果表明：KTN超微粉的相结构随着合成温度和矿化剂浓度的增加,从立方相过渡到四方相,且晶粒尺寸也随之增大.当KOH浓度增加时,KTN的禁带宽度Eg值由3.24eV增至3.34eV;当合成温度升高时,Eg值几乎没有变化.在KTN中掺杂金属W6＋离子,可降低KTN陶瓷的电导率和漏电流,增大极化强度,使其易于极化,提高KTN材料的实用性.     

铌酸铋钠压电陶瓷超细粉体的水热合成

以NaOH、Bi2 O3和Nb2O5为原料,KOH为矿化剂,通过乙二醇采用水热法合成了结晶度高、晶粒发育完整的Na1.5Bi2.5Nb3 O12粉体.借助XRD分析了反应温度和反应时间对其相结构的影响,并通过SEM分析了Na1.5Bi2.5Nb3 O12晶粒形貌.实验结果表明:在反应温度为160℃、反应时间为18h的条件下,可得到厚度约50 nm、直径约为200 nm的片层结构纯相Na1.5Bi2.5 Nb3 O12粉体.     

KTa0.77Nb0.23O3纳米片的微结构和Raman光谱研究

以Ta2O5,Nb2O3和KOH为原料,采用水热法合成边缘尺寸约100nm,厚约10 nm的KTa0.77Nb0.23O3(KTN)单品纳米片.X线衍射(XRD)结果表明,产物为立方相钙钛矿结构;X线荧光光谱(XRF)显示,纳米片中K、Ta和Nb的比例约为1:0.70:0.22,与KTa0.77Nb0.23O3化学计量...     

矿化剂对水热法合成PZT纳米粉体的影响研究

本实验以Pb(NO3)2、ZrOCl2.8H2O、TiO2为主要原料,以KOH、NaOH为矿化剂,研究了矿化剂种类和浓度对水热法合成锆钛酸铅(PZT)纳米粉体的影响作用。通过XRD、SEM的测试与分析可知,使用不同的矿化剂得到的PZT晶体结构完整性也有不同,矿化剂KOH浓度在3～5mol/L之间时,合成的晶体结构完整,物相单一,当其浓度大于7mol/L时,反应向着不利于PZT合成的方向进行。     

棒状Sr0.4 Ba0.6 Nb2O6 陶瓷粉体的合成

以K2SO4为熔盐采用熔盐法合成了棒状的Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6粉体,并与用KCl-NaCl为熔盐合成的Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6粉体做了对比,讨论了合成温度和熔盐种类对粉体晶粒形貌和尺寸大小的影响.结果表明:合成温度为1 300℃,以K2SO4为熔盐,采用熔盐法可以合成较好晶形的Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6粉体.     

柠檬酸用量对溶胶—凝胶法制备ZnNb_2O_6陶瓷粉体工艺的影响

将Nb2O5溶于HF酸获得Nb5 的可溶性盐溶液,并以此为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了ZnNb2O6陶瓷粉体.利用XRD、TG和SEM等测试手段对所合成粉体的晶体结构、显微形貌和干凝胶的分解过程进行了系统研究.TG和XRD分析结果显示,干凝胶经700℃煅烧2h时可以获得单相铌铁矿相结构纳米ZnNb2O6粉体.SEM分析结果显示,柠檬酸与Nb5 比例对所合成粉体晶粒尺寸有明显影响.     

高能球磨法制备Mg_4Nb_2O_9微波介质陶瓷及其表征

采用高能球磨法制备粉体.粉体球磨60 h后在900℃保温3 h预烧合成Mg4Nb2O9纯相,研究了由高能球磨所得粉体制备的Mg4Nb2O9陶瓷的相结构、显微组织和微波介电性能随烧结温度的变化关系.X射线衍射检测Mg4Nb2O9陶瓷在1 150～1 200℃烧结过程中有微量的MgNb2O6和Mg5Nb4O15杂相产生,烧结温度高于1 200℃时,样品为Mg4Nb20g纯相;样品收缩率和密度随烧结温度的增大而增加,在1 200℃趋于饱和,分别为13.6和4.22 g/cm3(相对密度96.42%);样品的气孔含量随烧结温度增大降低,晶粒尺寸随烧结温度增大而增大,介电常数和品质因数随烧结温度的增大而增加;1 200℃烧结的样品具有高的致密度、清晰的显微组织,平均晶粒尺寸为3.5 μm,微波介电性能εr=12.6,Q·f=133164 GHz,τ=-56.69×10-6/℃.实验结果表明.高能球磨有效促进球磨后粉体在900℃低温合成Mg4Nb2O9纯相;并降低Mg4Nb2O9陶瓷的烧结温度到1 200℃,改善了陶瓷的谐振频率温度系数,有望成为新一代中温烧结微波介质材料.     

掺钕钛酸铋纳米结构的水热合成研究

以Bi（NO3）3·5H2O,Nd（NO2）3·6H2O和Ti（OC4H9）4为原料,NaOH为矿化剂,采用水热法合成铋层状钙钛矿掺钕钛酸铋（Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12,BNdT）纳米结构．利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征产物的晶相和形貌．研究反应温度、矿化剂浓度和反应时间对水热合成BNdT纳米结构的影响．结果表明,在适当的水热反应条件下能有效合成BNdT纳米结构,在反应温度为150℃、175℃、200℃和220℃时分别形成球状、球状与片状共存、棒状和片状产物．     

熔盐法合成各向异性SrBi2Nb2O9粉体

以Bi2O3SrCO3和Nb2O5为原料,用NaCl-KCl作为熔盐,采用熔盐法(MSS)合成了单相片状SrBi2Nb2O9(SBN)陶瓷粉体,熔盐法合成SBN陶瓷粉体经历两个阶段:成核阶段和生长阶段.800℃左右为粉体的成核阶段,所得产物团聚较严重,片状不明显;随着温度升高进入生长阶段,此时SBN粉体已发育成完整的片状,无团聚现象.粒度分析结果表明:采用熔盐法所得粉体平均粒径明显大于采用固相法(CS)合成的,随着温度升高熔盐法合成粉体的平均粒径逐步增加,高于1 000℃变化不明显,在1 050℃其d50可达到5.77 μm.     

掺杂的PZT95/5陶瓷粉体性能

掺杂对PZT95/5压电陶瓷粉体的性能有较大影响.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备PZT95/5粉体,选择不同掺杂物进行改性,研究其对粉体的粒度均匀性、分散性、合成纯度等性能影响.结果表明,不同掺杂物在一定程度上都可提高溶胶的分散性;掺杂Nb5+以可溶性铌盐(C10H8N2O33Nb2)液相引入时,合成粉体的分散效果和合成纯度都要比以固相Nb2O5粉体引入时好;中性掺杂物SiO2具有降低合成温度和抑制烧绿石相形成的作用,且合成粉体的粒度均匀、分散性好.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.