旋转喷雾塔Ca（OH）2/NaClO2联合脱硫脱硝数值模拟

针对开发低温烟气联合脱硫脱硝技术的需求,采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法,建立了旋转喷雾塔气固流动与脱硫脱硝反应耦合的三维数理模型.气相场采用k-ε湍流模型,SO2,NOx的吸收采用双膜理论模型.以2个180 m2烧结烟气的旋转喷雾塔为模拟对象,采用Ca(OH)2/NaClO2浆液作为吸收剂,考察了NaClO2/Ca(OH)2摩尔比、烟气流速、烟气温度、SO2和NO的浓度等对烟气二氧化硫和氮氧化物脱除效率的影响.研究结果表明:随着溶液中NaClO2/Ca(OH)2摩尔比的增加,氮氧化物的脱除效率显著提高,二氧化硫的脱除效率无明显变化;随烟气流速、温度的增大,二氧化硫以及氮氧化物脱除效率均有所降低;氮氧化物的脱除效率随SO2浓度的增大无显著变化,而二氧化硫的脱除效率明显降低;随NO浓度的增加,氮氧化物脱除效率明显降低,二氧化硫脱除效率无显著变化.     

氢氧化钙浆液脱硫反应及其干燥特性

采用热天平研究了低温(80℃)条件下Ca(OH)2浆液在一定水钙质量比、SO2浓度范围内的脱硫特性及干燥特性.结果表明,不同水钙比及SO2浓度下浆液干燥特性明显不同;Ca(OH)2浆液在SO2气氛下在浆液表面反应生成的CaSO3·0.5H2O晶体比在N2气氛下由于干燥而析出的晶体多,硫分以CaSO3·0.5H2O固定在浆液中,其干燥速率要低些;不同干燥条件下的浆液临界湿含量不同,反应及蒸发过程在浆滴表面产生的晶体越多,临界湿含量越大;在低SO2浓度时,Ca(OH)2转化率随SO2浓度的升高迅速增加,当入口SO2浓度增大到一定值后,Ca(OH)2转化率增加趋缓.     

鼓泡塔中钢渣湿法烧结烟气脱硫过程及机理

在自制有机玻璃鼓泡脱硫反应器中(直径为80mm,高为300mm),考察了钢渣湿式烧结烟气脱硫过程中钢渣粒径、钢渣吸收浆液浓度、进口二氧化硫浓度、浆液p H值及烟气流量等因素对脱硫率的影响以及钢渣烧结烟气脱硫机理.结果表明,当温度为常温,钢渣粒径小于75μm(200目),浆液浓度大于4%,进口二氧化硫浓度低于2 000mg/m3,烟气流量小于0.06m3/h,初始p H值大于7时,SO2去除率可达到80%以上,能够实现"以废治废".通过对钢渣脱硫前后的XRD,XRF分析,探索了钢渣湿法烧结烟气脱硫机理.     

生物滴滤法脱除废气中SO_2工艺的研究

优化生物滴滤塔的性能,以提高其对SO2废气的处理效率.在单因素实验的基础上,以气体流量、SO2浓度、温度及pH值作为考察因素,通过设计正交试验,研究其脱硫最佳工艺条件;在最佳工况条件下探讨不同入口浓度、不同填料层高度及喷淋量对脱硫效率的影响.结果表明,各因素对SO2去除率影响大小次序为SO2浓度>温度>气体流量>pH值;最佳工艺条件为气体流量0.9m3/h,SO2浓度1 000mg/m3,pH值2.3~2.4,温度28℃.脱硫率随填料层高度增加而增大, 30L/h喷淋量的脱硫效果较优于24L/h,并且生物滴滤法比较适合于低浓度脱硫.     

等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法同时脱硫脱硝试验研究

为提高燃煤烟气同时脱硫脱硝工艺中的脱硝效率,将等离子体氧化技术应用到湿式氨法脱硫工艺中,建立了等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法的脱硫脱硝试验装置.考察了液气比、氨水浓度、烟气流量、烟气温度、NO初始浓度、SO2初始浓度等工艺参数对同时脱硫脱硝性能的影响.试验结果表明:提高液气比、增加氨水浓度、减少烟气流量、降低烟气温度、减小NO和SO2初始浓度都可以提高脱硝效率,而试验范围内工艺参数对脱硫效率的影响几乎可以忽略;当液气比为10 L/m3、氨水浓度为4 mol/L、烟气流量为10 m3/h、烟气温度为85℃、NO初始浓度为3.5×10-4、SO2初始浓度为1.0×10-3时,该试验装置的脱硫效率和脱硝效率分别为99.6%和69.4%.     

旋转填充床中柠檬酸钠法烟气脱硫的实验研究

以柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲溶液作为吸收液,在旋转填充床中进行模拟烟气中SO2(体积分数约为0.4%)的吸收实验,考察了各操作条件对脱硫率的影响。实验结果表明:脱硫率随转子转速、液气比的增大而逐渐增大,但均是达到某一值以后基本不再增加;吸收液的初始pH值越大、温度越高、柠檬酸钠浓度越大,则脱硫效果越好。旋转床中柠檬酸钠法烟气脱硫的适宜工艺条件为:旋转填充床转速1200 r/min,液气比8~12 L/m3,吸收液的初始pH值4.5~5.0,柠檬酸钠浓度0.6 mol/L。     

旁通式烟气循环流化床脱硫特性的数值模拟

应用标准k-ε模型、DPM模型和物质输运与化学反应模型模拟了烟气循环流化床内的两相流动及脱硫反应,模拟结果和实验数据吻合较好。模拟研究了2种脱硫塔的脱硫效率和流动阻力,并进一步研究了入口SO2浓度对旁通式脱硫塔脱硫效率的影响。结果表明：旁通式脱硫塔的脱硫效率和阻力特性要优于无旁路脱硫塔;旁通式脱硫塔的脱硫效率随入口SO2浓度的增加而降低;脱硫塔内湿度增加时,脱硫效率增加。     

沸腾炉掺烧半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰的SO_2逸出特性

通过改变原料配比、通气量、焙烧温度以及焙烧时间,研究沸腾炉掺烧半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰的SO2逸出特性。结果表明,随着脱硫灰含量的增加,混合料中有效S含量减少,导致SO2逸出量减少;当通气量在180~240mL/min范围内,SO2逸出量随通气量增大而增加,通气量超过240mL/min时,SO2逸出量开始减少;在750~900℃范围内,SO2逸出量随焙烧温度升高而逐渐增加,其中在800~850℃温区内SO2增量最小;保温开始阶段,SO2逸出量随焙烧时间的延长而略有增加,当延长至15 min时,掺烧反应基本结束,即不再有SO2气体生成。     

湿法液柱喷射烟气脱硫工程性能

在沈阳化肥厂脱硫示范工程上进行液柱喷射烟气脱硫系统的性能研究。根据试验结果,提出了单位体积浆液吸收SO2的量与浆液的pH值呈幂函数关系。烟气体积流量的增加有利于液滴的表面更新作用;入口烟气SO2浓度的增加有利于反应传质推动力的增加;循环浆液量的增加将增加液滴间合并趋势。前两者有利于脱硫反应,但入口SO2总量的增加导致脱硫效率下降;后者不利于脱硫反应,但脱硫浆液量的增加导致脱硫效率增加,其变化规律符合液柱喷射烟气脱硫机理。     

循环流化床烟气脱硫模拟中试试验研究

在东南大学热能工程研究所建立的φ600mm,处理烟气量达2000m^3/h（标准状态,下同）的循环流化床烟气脱硫中试试验台上,进行了循环流化床烟气脱硫的试验研究,分别讨论了Ca与S的摩尔比、烟气流量、入口SO2浓度、反应温度等因素对脱硫效率影响。试验结果表明,Ca与S的摩尔比和反应温度的影响最为显著,烟气量和SO2入口浓度也有一定的影响,但不十分明显,说明循环流化床烟气脱硫工艺对锅炉负荷和燃煤煤种的变化有较好的适应性。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to