大规模分布并行计算系统容错与恢复技术

当前,拥有超级计算能力的计算机系统通常是大型商用系统形成计算机集群.与所有的分布式系统一样,这些系统通过独立的计算机硬件协同合作共同实现超级计算的能力.然而在拥有超级计算能力的同时,集群中的任何一个组件随时都可能失效,从而导致错的输出.为了提高集群在系统出现故障的情况下的鲁棒性,许多容错技术已经被设计和实现,用以处理各种类型的系统故障.本文对各种现有的容错技术进行了总结归纳,以便在此基础之上进行进一步的研究从而适应当前环境下的系统容错.     

分析集群技术在电力综合自动化系统中的应用

本文主要介绍了一种利用集群技术实现双机容错的开发方法。通过对变电站自动化技术和容错相关技术的深入研究,结合现有的变电站自动化体系结构,采用了基于MSCS的纯软件的双机容错模式。分析了容错系统的可用性,并依据分析对双机容错系统进行了有针对性的改进,加强了集群的心跳侦测,保证了数据接管时的完整和准确,设计实现了一个低成本、高可用的后台监控系统,该系统已通过测试并投入使用。     

内存集群计算:交互式数据分析

本文围绕大数据分类中决策数据的管理和分析进行展开.重点分析了大数据时代关于商务智能(Business Intelligence,BI)技术新的应用需求;讨论了计算机硬件和体系结构的发展为决策数据管理和分析带来的挑战和机遇;通过对新兴典型应用的分析和相关技术和系统特点的总结,说明了基于内存计算的高性能数据管理和分析技术是当前亟待解决的问题,具有广阔的应用前景.在全内存式(in-memory)数据管理环境下,网络通讯将成为整个系统的主要瓶颈.结合内存的特点(数据易失性、内存墙瓶颈),设计针对高性能服务器的无共享分布式内存系统拓扑结构;研究面向异构、多层次缓存和内存结构的分布式数据布局与索引策略,跨核、跨处理器、跨服务器的多粒度并行处理框架,缓存感知、内存感知的分布式数据一致性维护等关键技术,轻量级面向按列存储的数据压缩机制及压缩感知的数据处理机制,将是基于内存计算的高性能数据管理与分析技术的重点研究内容,并将最终实现实时交互式分析处理.     

大数据挑战下的NoSQL系统研究

NoSQL技术作为大数据应用领域新的解决方案,在海量数据的获取、存储、管理和分析方面展现出令人瞩目的性能.本文首先总结了大数据的特征、影响和应用价值,提出了它对数据管理的要求;然后对NoSQL系统采用的独特技术和带来的显著优势进行了分析;用分类和统一的观点重点研究了各类NoSQL系统,在系统架构、数据模型、查询语言、扩展性及可用性等方面对它们进行了比较,以便根据给定的不同应用场景来选择和设计最合适的系统;最后展望了未来的研究前景.     

面向集群的消息传递并行程序容错系统

为了保证大规模集群系统的可靠性和可用性,设计并实现了一个面向集群消息传递并行程序的容错系统。该系统采用检查点设置与卷回恢复技术,提出了基于内存排除的退出重进入并行环境策略,实现了对用户程序完全透明的容错功能、进程迁移以及系统自动重构。实验结果表明:检查点设置和系统恢复开销小于10%,符合大规模并行程序容错功能的要求。该系统提高了集群系统的可靠性和可用性,其设计结构和实现方法可以方便地移植到其他消息传递系统。     

一种支持大数据集成架构的多维分析系统

面对新型数据管理和分析环境,结合高校信息化建设中业务统计分析要求,本文设计了基于数据仓库架构的多维分析系统,实现了人事主题数据仓库及多维分析模型,满足了灵活高效的教职工信息分析的需求;同时,设计了基于传统数据仓库、Hadoop和数据库集群之上的透明访问网关和支持大数据集成架构的BI分析系统,为未来高校信息化建设中的数据分析系统建设奠定了基础.     

一种支持大数据集成架构的多维分析系统

面对新型数据管理和分析环境,结合高校信息化建设中业务统计分析要求,本文设计了基于数据仓库架构的多维分析系统,实现了人事主题数据仓库及多维分析模型,满足了灵活高效的教职工信息分析的需求;同时,设计了基于传统数据仓库、Hadoop和数据库集群之上的透明访问网关和支持大数据集成架构的BI分析系统,为未来高校信息化建设中的数据分析系统建设奠定了基础.     

基于协同服务平台的分布式产品数据管理

为了实现异地设计制造环境下多产品数据管理(PDM)系统之间的数据交换、共享及其过程协同 ,在分析分布式产品数据管理特性的基础上 ,构建了一个基于协同服务平台的分布式、开放式产品数据集成管理框架结构 ,介绍了协同服务平台的功能 ,提出了多 PDM系统间的数据通信方法、安全保证机制和一致性控制策略 ,并应用于某航空产品的异地协同设计中 ,满足了协作企业对产品数据的共享要求 ,保证了数据的一致性和完整性     

NoSQL数据库技术在移动互联网中的应用

对于规模不断扩大的SNS类型网站,传统的关系型数据库已经无法高效处理日趋增多的移动终端用户对此类超大规模和高并发网站中数据访问与处理的海量需求.现提出一种使用新型NoSQL数据库代替传统关系型数据库来实现海量数据动态管理,并通过Web向移动互联网用户提供高效服务的系统.实验证明,NoSQL数据库技术在移动互联网应用中有着明显的优势与广阔的应用前景.     

环境数据管理系统在环境监测中的应用

随着信息技术的飞快发展,环境数据管理系统已经在环境监测工作中投入了使用。环境数据管理系统拥有现代化的数据管理手段,在使用的过程中汇集了来自于大气、河流、噪声以及生物等多方面的数据信息。通过数据管理系统对为数不少的环境监测数据进行处理,不仅提高了环境监测数据处理的速度,也能保证数据信息的准确性。所以,该文针对这种情况,从环境数据管理系统的使用意义以及环境数据系统的特点和实现的功能几个方面,具体的描述了环境数据管理系统在环境监测中的应用情况。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.