氯化汞对小白鼠卵巢损伤的显微镜及超微结构研究

对氯化汞染毒小白鼠卵巢进行了显微和超微结构研究。结果表明,氯化汞对小白鼠卵巢发育有明显的毒性作用,主要表现出卵巢内发育的卵泡（原始卵泡、生长卵泡、成熟卵泡）数量随剂量的增高依次性减少,而闭锁卵泡的数量则相反,为依次性增高。超微结构显示,从中剂量组开始,卵照相结构表现出病理学变化,主要表现为卵细胞核膜皱缩,染色质凝聚,胞质内线粒体肿胀、变形,外膜和内嵴受损,次级溶酶体及残余小体增多等现象。     

姬菇多糖对急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠的肝组织超微结构的影响

目的:研究以热水浸提法从姬菇中提取的姬菇多糖(PCNP)对酒精所致的急性损伤小鼠肝组织超微结构的影响.方法:84只小鼠被随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(150 mg/kg.bw)、多糖各剂量组((100、200、400)mg/kg.bw).连续灌胃30 d后,给予浓度为50%的乙醇溶液,建立动物急性肝损伤模型.12 h后,小鼠脱臼处死,取肝脏制成超薄切片,电镜观察肝组织超微结构的变化.结果:模型组细胞核的核膜不规则、呈锯齿状,线粒体畸形、嵴不清楚、糖原增多、出现空泡,内质网扩张、其膜上附着的核糖体脱失,细胞核周围脂滴数明显增多、胆管微绒毛脱失;姬菇多糖组肝细胞核膜凹凸不平,线粒体肿胀、线粒体内糖原沉积较少,内质网扩张不明显,细胞内脂滴减少.结论:姬菇多糖对酒精性肝损伤小鼠的肝细胞具有保护作用.     

针刺对缺血再灌心肌超微结构损伤的保护作用

家兔经戊巴比妥钠麻醉,开胸结扎冠脉左室支20min松结再灌5min后,缺血区心肌细胞超微结构呈现明显损伤:细胞水肿、线粒体嵴结构破坏基质中甚至出现无定形致密小体、肌原纤维排列紊乱乃至挛缩或断裂、细胞核染色质凝聚、细胞质糖元颗粒减少或消失等。心内膜下层细胞超微结构损伤程度较心外膜下层严重。缺血和再灌期于“内关”相应部位施加电针治疗的动物,其心肌细胞超微结构损伤明显减轻,表现为不出现细胞水肿或程度较轻、正常线粒体增多、肌原纤维挛缩或断裂减少,细胞核染色质解聚等。由于心外膜下层缺血区超微结构损伤较轻,电针的这种保护作用更为明显。     

荔枝雌花发育过程中花药败育的超微结构观察

应用扫描电镜、透射电镜和DAPI荧光染色方法对荔枝雌花发育过程中花药败育进行了研究,结果发现:败育的花药在减数分裂之前其药壁细胞即开始解体,减数分裂后,药壁组织发生细胞程序性死亡,导致对营养物质竞争力的减弱;发生凋亡的细胞,细胞核染色质固缩,其电子密度高于正常,核仁消失,染色质趋边化的双层核膜降解,有的核变形而凹陷,核膜破裂,在核膜破裂处可见到由核物质组成的凋亡小体.正在凋亡的细胞中,几乎都可观察到细胞核周围有许多线粒体,一些线粒体变形拉长,嵴肿胀,有的线粒体发生缢缩,线粒体膜降解而变得模糊,有的已破裂.表明线粒体与细胞凋亡可能有直接的关系.     

圆口铜鱼早期卵母细胞发生的超微结构

用透射电镜观察了圆口铜鱼早期卵母细胞超微结构,发现:第1时相,卵原细胞呈圆形,细胞核较大,核仁1个,由纤维中心、致密纤维组分、颗粒组分组成;核内异染色质少,常染色质多;细胞质中有1~2个核仁样体,线粒体数量少,其基质电子密度低,嵴不发达.第2时相,卵母细胞体积增大,核仁数目增多,形态上出现大小区别.早期细胞质中核仁样体增多,靠近核膜,不被线粒体包围;光面内质网较多,糖原颗粒均匀分布;线粒体出现聚集现象;中期线粒体包围核仁样体.晚期核仁样体由大变小,逐渐消失,细胞膜边缘开始形成胞质突起.第3时相,早期卵母细胞的细胞质形成大量突起,且越来越明显;中期放射带开始形成,滤泡细胞出现颗粒细胞和鞘膜细胞的分化,两种细胞的超微结构有显著差异;晚期卵母细胞周围胶原纤维发达,呈束状,鞘膜细胞扁平状,卵母细胞质中有丰富的细胞器.讨论了圆口铜鱼早期卵子发生的特点,并与铜鱼的卵子发生做了比较.     

骤冷与饥饿对小鼠肝脏影响的超微结构变化

目的:探讨骤冷与饥饿对小鼠肝脏的影响.方法:用透射电镜的方法研究饥饿及饥饿与骤冷时动物肝脏的影响.结果:饥饿小鼠肝细胞内糖原颗粒明显减少,线粒体电子密度较低.少数线粒体出现嵴断裂.空泡样变.饥饿后骤冷小鼠肝细胞内糖原颗粒完全消失.线粒体数目减少.电子密度明显降低,出现肿胀.空泡样变;枯否氏细胞增生.溶酶体增多.结论:骤冷与饥饿可导致肝脏功能不同程度的损害.     

芦柑子叶细胞脱分化及其线粒体变化

用光镜和电镜观察芦柑子叶在脱分过程中的变化，结果表明，外植体脱分化由接触培养基切口处先启动，未培养的子叶薄壁细胞内充满足脂贮藏物，在脱分化过程中，贮藏物质逐渐减少直到消失，细胞核相对体积增加并常出现核膜内陷和核仁小泡，多聚核糖体与粗面内质网增加，线粒体在数量，形态，分布嵴的发达程序上随着细胞的脱分化进程发生规律性变化。     

三唑磷蓄积对日本(虫寻)4种组织超微结构的影响

首先根据急性毒性试验确定了三唑磷对日本?的安全浓度为 0.27 mg/L,然后采用透射电镜技术研究了该浓度下三唑磷蓄积对日本(虫寻)4种组织细胞(肌肉、鳃、肝胰脏和心脏)超微结构的影响.结果表明 :三唑磷对肌肉损伤的主要靶部位是线粒体和肌原纤维,表现为线粒体内嵴肿胀、空泡化,线粒体溶解,肌原纤维断裂,明暗带不清楚;鳃细胞的损害表现为鳃丝水肿,细胞器溶解,角质层变薄,线粒体、内质网的肿胀、解体,细胞核不规则,核膜肿胀突起;肝胰脏细胞的主要损害特征为肝管微绒毛减少、线粒体水肿解体、内质网扩张、脂肪滴增加;心脏细胞的毒理变化为线粒体内嵴肿胀、瓦解,肌原纤维不规则,细胞核膜肿胀、突起,内质网溶解.鳃和肝胰脏中的变化要比肌肉和心脏明显.     

三唑磷蓄积对日本是4种组织超微结构的影响

首先根据急性毒性试验确定了三唑磷对日本?的安全浓度为 0.27 mg/L,然后采用透射电镜技术研究了该浓度下三唑磷蓄积对日本(虫寻)4种组织细胞(肌肉、鳃、肝胰脏和心脏)超微结构的影响.结果表明 三唑磷对肌肉损伤的主要靶部位是线粒体和肌原纤维,表现为线粒体内嵴肿胀、空泡化,线粒体溶解,肌原纤维断裂,明暗带不清楚;鳃细胞的损害表现为鳃丝水肿,细胞器溶解,角质层变薄,线粒体、内质网的肿胀、解体,细胞核不规则,核膜肿胀突起;肝胰脏细胞的主要损害特征为肝管微绒毛减少、线粒体水肿解体、内质网扩张、脂肪滴增加;心脏细胞的毒理变化为线粒体内嵴肿胀、瓦解,肌原纤维不规则,细胞核膜肿胀、突起,内质网溶解.鳃和肝胰脏中的变化要比肌肉和心脏明显.     

PTPa基因敲除对小鼠海马CA1区突触可塑性的影响

通过PTPa基因敲除(knock out)小鼠来研究海马突触可塑性的变化,在海马schaffer collateral-CA1通路中采用场电位记录的方法研究发现,与Wild Type相比较,基因敲除小鼠的Long Term Potentiation(LTP)增强而Long Term Depression(LTD)受到抑制,去增强效应消失,θ频率诱导的LTP增强,但是其基本的突触传递性质并没有发生变化.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.