数字水印的应用及攻击类型

随着多媒体技术的应用,在多媒体数据中嵌入隐蔽标记的数字水印技术,因其保真性、安全性和鲁棒性,在票据防伪、拷贝控制及广播监视等领域得到了探索性的应用。同时针对水印系统的攻击也越来越多,影响了水印的安全性。针对水印系统的攻击主要分为三大类:未经授权的删除、未经授权的嵌入、未经授权的检测。本文从水印系统的特性、应用、攻击三个方面对数字水印技术进行论述。     

抗协议攻击的数字版权保护安全方案

随着数字水印技术在数字版权保护方面的应用,对数字水印的攻击也日益严重,早期的水印攻击主要是针对水印算法鲁棒性的攻击,近几年来出现了针对数字版权保护过程中协议的攻击.通过对协议攻击的描述、定义和分析,将数字签名等技术应用到数字版权保护方案中,提出一个基于PKI(public key infrastructure)的数字版权保护安全方案,分析讨论了该方案的安全性.     

基于跳频技术的图像数字水印算法

为了有效地解决数字产品版权保护问题,提出一种基于静止图像小波变换域的盲检测数字水印算法. 该算法将数字水印技术与跳频技术相结合,使用密钥控制的跳频图样确定水印的嵌入频带,使嵌入位置在若干不同的频带之间跳变,以增强水印嵌入的随机性和安全性. 实验结果表明,在满足水印透明性的同时,水印信息在噪声干扰、图像处理、图像压缩以及各种人为恶意攻击条件下具有很好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于离散余弦变换和奇异值分解的数字水印算法

提出了一种新的基于离散余弦变换和奇异值分解的水印算法,其所嵌入的水印图像是灰度图像,增加了嵌入的信息量,能够满足数字水印系统的透明性和鲁棒性要求.在该方法中,置乱技术用于水印图像隐藏的预处理和后处理,更加保障了数据的安全性.实验结果表明,该算法对于JPEG压缩、噪声等具有鲁棒性,尤其对于几何攻击如旋转、剪切等具有很好的鲁棒性.     

基于DCT的数字图像水印技术的研究

对DCT(离散余弦变换)域的图像水印技术进行了研究,实现了非盲水印和盲水印两种方案.为保证数字水印的安全性,在水印嵌入之前,采用Arnold置乱技术对水印进行预处理.实验结果表明,两种方法都具有较好的不可见性,能够抵御JPEG压缩、剪切和噪声攻击等常用的图像攻击技术,具有较好的鲁棒性,是较为实用的图像水印方案.     

基于多描述编码和小波变换的数字图像水印算法

为保证数字图像水印的鲁棒性、安全性以及嵌入容量,结合加密技术与图像压缩编码技术,提出了一种基于多描述编码和小波变换的加密数字水印技术.该技术采用密钥1对需要隐藏的水印图像进行多描述编码,并将编码转换为格雷码,然后将宿主图像色彩分量变换为差值图像,最后在频域内采用密钥2进行小波变换,以交互块跳频的方式完成水印信息的嵌入.理论分析和仿真实验均表明,这种数字水印技术有较大的嵌入容量,同时对常见的图像处理操作具有较强的鲁棒性,能够提高水印的安全性及抗剪裁攻击性能.     

A Novel Image Watermarking Description Coding and Wavelet Algorithm Based on Multiple Transform

为保证数字图像水印的鲁棒性、安全性以及嵌入容量,结合加密技术与图像压缩编码技术,提出了一种基于多描述编码和小波变换的加密数字水印技术.该技术采用密钥1对需要隐藏的水印图像进行多描述编码,并将编码转换为格雷码,然后将宿主图像色彩分量变换为差值图像,最后在频域内采用密钥2进行小波变换,以交互块跳频的方式完成水印信息的嵌入.理论分析和仿真实验均表明,这种数字水印技术有较大的嵌入容量,同时对常见的图像处理操作具有较强的鲁棒性,能够提高水印的安全性及抗剪裁攻击性能.     

用于图像内容认证的水印技术研究

数字水印技术在数字图像认证和版权保护中起着非常重要的作用.本文概括了数字水印技术的基本原理,分析了变换域数字水印算法的优势,提出了一种基于参数化整数小波的水印算法,详细地阐述了水印的嵌入、检测和攻击类型判定.最后在Matlab平台下对水印算法进行了仿真,仿真结果证实了算法对恶意攻击的定位准确性.     

抗协议攻击的数字版权保护安全方案

随着数字水印技术在数字版权保护方面的应用，对数字水印的攻击也日益严重，早期的水印攻击主要是针对水印算法鲁棒性的攻击，近几年来出现了针对数字版权保护过程中协议的攻击。通过对协议攻击的描述、定义和分析，将数字签名等技术应用到数字版权保护方案中，提出一个基于PKI(public key infrastructure)的数字版权保护安全方案，分析讨论了该方案的安全性。     

小波域分形编码数字水印的研究

提出了一种新颖的基于小波域分形编码的数字水印技术.分形图像编码方法利用图像的局部自相似性构造分块迭代函数系统,通过保存放射变换参数实现对图像的编码.利用分形变换的编码解码过程中的某些不变参数,可以实现数字水印信息的嵌入和提取.但是空间域的分形编码会使得恢复图像产生明显的块效应现象,嵌入水印后的图像质量损失大.因此一种新的基于小波域细节子图的分形编码方法被提出和研究.利用小波域细节子图的自相似性构建迭代函数系统,实现对细节子图系数的编码.而后基于小波域分形编码,构造了一种新颖的水印嵌入提取算法.算法选取适当的小波细节子图,分块构造匹配池,根据嵌入的水印信号选择最佳匹配块实现水印信息的嵌入和提取.最后通过实验对水印算法受图像处理攻击时的鲁棒性作了分析和比较,嵌入水印的图像在遭受一般图像处理攻击,如滤波、有损压缩、噪声及几何攻击时水印均可读出.构造的基于小波域分形编码的数字水印技术得到了较满意的实验结果.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to