回采巷道底臌力学原理及控制研究新进展

分析了国内外回采巷道底臌力学原理及控制技术方面的研究成果.传统的底臌控制研究均围绕巷道底板进行,难以从根本上解决回采巷道底臌控制问题.通过现场试验及理论分析认为,回采巷道底臌的主要影响因素是工作面超前支承压力,回采巷道底臌主要来自底板破碎岩层的峰后变形,而顶板、两帮的变形对底臌亦产生重要影响,因此,回采巷道的底臌控制与巷道围岩整体稳定性有关,在提高巷道围岩整体稳定性的同时,加固帮、角可较好地控制回采巷道的底臌.参47.     

加固顶板和两帮控制回采巷道底臌研究

回采巷道围岩是由顶板、两帮和底板共同组成的复合结构体,各部位的岩体强度、应力状态及变形破坏等特性方面的差异显著,尤其受采动影响后,巷道围岩各部位变形发展不均匀性显著,往往造成巷道围岩产生结构性失稳破坏。为提高巷道围岩的结构稳定性,通过理论分析和数值模拟分析了提高顶板和两帮强度对底板岩层稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:加固顶板减小了顶板挠曲位移量,同时可以促使围岩应力向深部围岩转移,降低了底板岩层的应力集中程度,有利于控制底板变形;加固两帮可以提高巷道两帮围岩强度,促使应力向两帮转移,有利于减小发生底鼓的底板岩层宽度和两帮移近量,从而减小底板的挠曲效应和压曲效应。分析结果还表明,加强两帮对于减小底鼓量的效果更为明显。在上述分析的基础上,进行了加固顶板和两帮控制巷道底鼓支护技术的现场工业性试验,试验结果表明加固顶板和两帮可有效地控制巷道底鼓。     

深井沿空掘巷底臌机理研究

分析了国内外回采巷道底臌力学原理及控制技术方面的研究成果。传统的底臌控制研究均围绕巷道底板进行,难以从根本上解决回采巷道底臌控制问题。通过现场试验及理论分析认为,回采巷道底臌的主要影响因素是工作面超前支承压力,回采巷道底臌主要来自底板破碎岩层的峰后变形,而顶板、两帮的变形对底臌亦产生重要影响,因此,回采巷道的底臌控制与巷道围岩整体稳定性有关,在提高巷道围岩整体稳定性的同时,加固帮、角可较好地控制回采巷道的底臌。     

回采巷道底臌过程研究

分析了回采巷道底臌的发生、发展过程 ,回采巷道的底臌过程是 ,巷道开掘后 ,由于底板岩层由三向应力状态变为二向应力状态 ,岩体释放应变能 ,在应变能释放过程中 ,底板浅部岩层发生离层或破坏 ;回采过程中 ,在二次水平应力作用下发生压曲破坏和峰后蠕变 .回采巷道底臌不仅与底板岩层的力学特性有关 ,还与工作面超前支承压力、两帮变形有关 .图 8,参 5     

复杂应力条件下软岩巷道的返修支护

针对魏家地煤矿1070巷道返修工程,分析了复杂应力条件下软岩巷道破坏机理.研究表明,导致1070巷道出现顶板下沉量大、底板严重膨胀、两帮位移大的主要原因是巷道埋深大,构造应力高,采空区矿山压力显现显著.确定锚注锚网联合支护作为1070巷道返修方案.监测结果表明,1070的返修支护方案合理,效果良好.     

大埋深跨采巷道变形机理分析

巷道受采动影响时,应力重新分布,围岩处于卸压状态,导致巷道变形严重。针对这一现象,在华恒煤矿-1000m水平副暗斜井,利用现场实时在线监测数据和数值模拟计算,分析了跨采巷道随采煤工作面推进的变形破坏规律。监测数据表明,巷道变形包括顶板下沉、两帮移近和底鼓,其中底板变形破坏最严重。数值模拟分析得出,跨采后的巷道底板和右帮塑性区范围比跨采前有较大增长;在巷道顶底板处,围岩垂直应力处于卸压状态,水平应力出现应力集中现象。垂直应力的卸压和水平应力的横向作用是造成巷道底鼓的力学原因,底板没有采取支护措施是造成底鼓的直接原因。     

薄煤层上行开采顶板巷道活动规律及支护

小河嘴煤矿2016(24)工作面为201采区24煤层首采面,24煤层厚度为0.3~0.75 m,厚度不稳定,瓦斯含量高,顶板为坚硬的中粒砂岩,在开采时伴有淋水,工作面顶板管理较为困难,月推进度仅为8~30 m,长期达不到设计产量,针对以上诸多问题,矿对上行开采进行了可行性研究,确定对顶板巷道的采用"锚杆+锚索+金属网+钢筋梯"的组合支护方式进行了支护。实践表明:上行开采顶板巷道活动可分为起始活动区、强烈活动期和活动衰退期;加强支护后两帮移近量明显减少,顶底板移近量减少不明显,说明巷道顶底板变形以底板变形为主,在锚网索联合支护作用下,使巷道顶板压力向巷道两侧深部转移,降低了两帮压力,利于巷道两帮稳定。上行开采顶板巷道不同支护区顶板绝对位移量不大,与煤层下沉量相接近,说明上行开采巷道顶板位移较为准确的反映了顶板覆岩的活动情况。     

深部巷道围岩稳定性控制技术研究与实践

针对邢东矿深部巷道围岩大变形、支护系统严重损毁等矿压显现特征,在分析深部巷道变形破坏机制的基础上,认为改善浅部围岩力学性质、提高支护系统强度是控制深部巷道围岩变形破坏的有效途径,并据此提出了集强力锚杆索、钢管混凝土支架、滞后注浆加固技术于一体的联合支护技术,并阐述其控制机理。建立了钢管混凝土支架力学模型,得出新型钢管混凝土支架承载力及其对巷道承载体系提供的支护反力,并综合应用理论计算、数值模拟优化和工程类比等方法确定其控制方案。现场实践表明,采用该方案2个月后,围岩变形趋于稳定,两帮变形量小于150 mm,顶板下沉量为94 mm,底鼓变形量为79 mm,有效解决了深部巷道变形失稳问题,并为类似深部巷道围岩控制提供了理论和技术支撑。     

近距离采空区下大断面巷道顶板稳定分析

近距离采空区下大断面巷道顶板受煤层开采和巷道掘进两次采掘扰动,为研究两次扰动对巷道顶板稳定性的影响,以任楼煤矿Ⅱ8224切眼巷道为工程背景,利用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测的方法,对采空区卸荷影响深度和巷道采掘扰动特征进行分析。结果表明：采空区卸荷影响深度的理论计算结果、数值模拟计算结果与钻取岩芯分析结果三者一致,受卸荷影响范围内的岩层会向上隆起;采空区下大断面巷道顶板的下沉时间为14d,最大下沉速度仅为15 mm/d。得出结论：采空区卸荷对煤层底板的扰动破坏影响深度为5.2 m;受采空区卸荷影响,巷道顶板下沉时间、下沉速度和下沉量较小。     

防突区域煤巷掘进的巷道支护技术

在煤矿高瓦斯防突区域掘进中,必须采用“四位一体”防突措施,打钻卸压、释放瓦斯,巷道顶板受打钻影响,两帮煤体松软,造成顶板压力大,巷道顶板破碎,底臌、两帮变形量较大,巷道成型难以控制。针对井下实际情况,在高瓦斯突出区域巷道掘进中对于顶板的控制,应用好巷道支护技术,能有效的控制巷道的变形,保证巷道的正常使用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.