异维A酸及其在临床应用中的研究进展

异维A酸是治疗皮肤病的良药之一,更是治疗中、重型痤疮的首选药物。其适应症正在不断扩大,在皮肤病、肿瘤、复发性小儿呼吸道感染等疾病治疗中,有显著疗效。介绍了异维A酸的结构和性质、合成方法及临床应用前景,为异维A酸的临床应用和进一步开发提供依据。     

"一锅煮"合成新型类维生素A酸甲叉二酯

为了改善类维生素A酸的疗效,利用两分子类维生素A酸与一分子二溴甲烷偶联,设计合成了具有结构对称性的4种类维生素A酸甲叉二酯,即全反式维A酸甲叉二酯、异维A酸甲叉二酯、阿维A酸甲叉二酯、阿达帕林甲叉二酯,并以1H NMR,MS对它们进行了结构确证.     

异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常座疮临床分析

目的：观察异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常痤疮的临床疗效和安全性.方法：将136例患者随机分为3组,A组42例,给予异维A酸红霉素凝胶,外用,每晚一次;B组40例,给予硫磺乳膏,外用,早晚一次;C组54例在A组基础上加用青鹏软膏,外用,早上一次;疗程均为8周,分别于治疗前和治疗结束时评定患者的总皮损评分变化.结果：治疗结束后,ABC3组有效率分别是76.19％ 、65.50％和90.74％;C组的有效率与A、B两组比较,差异具有统计学意义（p＜0.01）.结论：异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常痤疮临床疗效较好,不良反应少.     

异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常痤疮临床分析

目的:观察异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常痤疮的临床疗效和安全性。方法:将136例患者随机分为3组,A组42例,给予异维A酸红霉素凝胶,外用,每晚一次;B组40例,给予硫磺乳膏,外用,早晚一次;C组54例在A组基础上加用青鹏软膏,外用,早上一次;疗程均为8周,分别于治疗前和治疗结束时评定患者的总皮损评分变化。结果:治疗结束后,ABC3组有效率分别是76.19%、65.50%和90.74%;C组的有效率与A、B两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(p0.01)。结论:异维A酸红霉素凝胶联合青鹏软膏治疗寻常痤疮临床疗效较好,不良反应少。     

异维A酸胶丸对兔耳微痤疮模型的治疗作用

目的探讨异维A酸胶丸对兔耳微痤疮的治疗作用。方法采用油酸给家兔耳外涂抹及表皮葡萄球菌皮下注射形成痤疮模型,再用异维A酸胶丸进行治疗。结果异维A酸胶丸有明显减小皮脂腺直径、毛囊面积作用。结论异维A酸胶丸对兔耳微痤疮具有治疗作用。     

复合型固体酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3催化合成马来酸三丁酯的研究

合成了新型的复合型无机固体酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3,并把它作为催化剂用于马来酸二丁酯的令成．考察了影响反应的因素．结果表明：固体酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3，的制备以0．05mol／L的H2SO4淋洗SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3固体酸基体，焙烧温度为500℃，催化剂用量以每摩尔酸酐0．5g为宜，酸酐／醇=1：4，反应时间为4h，酯化率可达99％以上．     

复合型固体酸SO4^2-/ZrO2-MoO3催化合成反-丁烯二酸二甲酯的研究

合成了新型的复合型固体酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3并把它作为催化剂用于反-丁烯二酸二甲酯的合成,考察了影响反应的因素．结果表明：用固体酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-MoO3作催化剂,以马来酸酐和甲醇为原料,直接合成反-丁烯二酸二甲酯的最佳工艺条件为：n（甲醇）：n（酸酐）=6：1,催化剂用量为1．5％（总质量）,反应温度95～100℃,反应时间为3h,反-丁烯二酸二甲酯的产率达93％以上．     

稀土固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2/La3+催化合成己酸烯丙酯

研究了以稀土固体超强酸SO^2-4/TiO2/La^3＋为催化剂,已酸和烯丙醇为原料合成已酸烯丙酯,并考察了影响反应的因素,结果表明,醇酸比为2．0：1,催化剂用量为0．8g(已酸为0.2mol的情况下）,带水剂甲苯为20mL,反应时间为2.0h是最适宜的反应条件,酯化率达96．2％。     

固体酸催化剂在醇解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯反应中的催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了SO4^2-／ZnO和S^4^2-／TiO2固体酸催化剂,用XRD、SEM等对催化剂的晶型结构和表面形貌进行了表征,并考察了它们降解聚对苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯制备对苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯的催化性能．实验结果表明,焙烧温度对SO4^2-／ZnO的催化活性影响不大,而对SO4^2-／TiO2的催化活性影响明显,随焙烧温度的升高,其催化活性出现先上升后下降的趋势反应时间、反应温度、催化剂浓度等工艺条件对两种催化剂活性的影响趋势是一致的.     

固体酸催化合成乙酸芳樟酯

研究了3种用于合成乙酸芳樟酯反应的SO4^2-/MxOy型固体酸催化剂,其中SO4^2-／ZrO2显示出较高的选择性,在载体ZrO2中添加适量的SiO2,可以明显提高催化剂的活性,降低反应温度。与高温反应相比,不使用夹带剂的低温反应更具有反应时间短、选择性高的特点。采用SO4^2-/ZrO2-SiO2固体酸催化剂,在温度50℃反应2h,芳樟醇转化率为71．9％,乙酸芳樟酯选择性达到92．3％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with