亚洲货币单位与东亚汇率合作机制

亚洲货币单位(ACU)若在2006年正式对外发布,这将在很大程度上将推动东亚货币合作的进程。同时东亚汇率合作机制的建立又是东亚货币合作的核心。文章重点探讨东亚汇率合作机制的合作模式及现实可行性,提出盯住“混合驻锚”的货币篮汇率合作方案,即东亚各经济体在经济发展的基础上逐步退出传统的单一盯住美元的汇率制度,实行共同盯住“混合驻锚”的货币篮汇率合作体系。并在此基础上,指出东亚汇率合作机制的建立对中国的启示和中国的作为。     

亚洲货币合作博奕模型分析

通过建立博奕模型，证明亚洲各国对美元的事实单一钉住反映了协同的失败，而强有力的区域性货币合作和制度安排通过改变政府支付函数，促使各国实行钉住较大货币篮子的汇率制度，将有利于亚洲整体福利水平提高．由于区域合作是实行该汇率制度的重要保证，对中国参与亚洲货币合作提出了相应政策建议．     

两岸经济合作机制——台湾参与东亚区域经济合作的有效路径

东亚区域经济合作是东亚国家与地区为应对经济全球化浪潮,在区域经济一体化方面的有益尝试。尽管地处东亚,但长期以来由于政治因素的干扰,台湾地区经济有被边缘化的危险。只有通过与祖国大陆建立更紧密的经济合作,台湾才能准确定位自身、参与到东亚区域经济合作进程中来。泛蓝重新执政使两岸关系发生了积极变化。从建立两岸经济合作机制入手,应是台湾实质性参与东亚区域经济合作,在"国际空间"问题上获取绝对收益的务实解决之道。     

东亚货币合作的国际政治经济学分析

1997年爆发的东亚金融危机给整个地区造成了巨大的经济损失,这使东亚各国和地区认识到建立区域货币合作的重要性和紧迫性。文章通过从国际政治经济学的角度对东亚货币合作中各国的权力与利益进行分析,进而在此基础上提出东亚货币合作的实现必须处理好全球霸权国、地区大国及东盟各国间的权力与利益的关系。     

多边／区域经济合作与“中国自由贸易区”制度设计

分析了当前多边贸易体制和区域贸易安排时经济合作的影响，在全球多边层次、亚太区域层次、东亚次区域等层次，从法律分析的角度提出了“3 1”模式与双轨制结合的制度设想。     

金融危机后的东亚地区经济合作

从东亚地区的实际出发,吸取金融危机的深刻教训,当前区域经济合作的战略重点至少应包括两方面内容:一是加强东亚国家之间的金融政策协调以稳定汇率:二是通过地区内的双边和多边经济合作创造与扩大“东亚集体内需”。     

国际资金流动管制的放宽对我国经济内外均衡的影响及对策

固定汇率政策长期内的非持续性是亚洲金融危机的重要教训之一,而我国货币当局也正是通过资本管制来维持固定汇率安排,这种方法的经济与社会成本随着对外开放程度提高而加速增加,在国际资金流动管制放宽的条件下,实行固定汇率管制政策的经济成本会超过其收益.笔者认为：采取富有弹性的人民币汇率制度安排,放宽人民币汇率的波动幅度;加快实现人民币利率市场化改革;改变由央行承担在外汇市场上买卖外汇供求差额的做法,用外汇平准基金这一国际惯例来稳定汇率水平.     

东亚经济合作:路在何方

东亚区域经济合作的目标定位、时间安排和发展模式等依然十分模糊。有预测认为,12月中旬的首次东亚峰会将取代原来的10 3机制。果真如此的话,未来又会怎样?     

浅析中日韩三国经济合作

随着我国改革开放,市场经济在国内盛兴,然而近年来,发达国家兴起的投资保护主义成为我国对外贸易的一大障碍,为了改变我国对西方发达国家的市场依赖,在东亚发展区域自由贸易成为新的解决办法。其中又以中日韩构筑经济合作制度框架为主要途径。长期以来,东亚各国实行外向型发展战略,经济增长是依靠外部需求拉动的,出口贸易对欧美市场依赖程度很高。随着欧美两大贸易集团的形成和继续向周边扩张,已经开始对东亚产生贸易转移效应,一些国家在欧美的市场被区内成员挤占,份额逐渐缩小。能否通过区域自由贸易安排扩大东亚区域内市场,直接关系这一地区稳定和发展,而在东亚区域合作进程中,大国的作用至关重要。进一步完成10+3框架下的中日韩合作机制,是实现建立三国FTA长远目标的重要条件     

近年来的人民币汇率制度改革回顾与绩效评价

1994年以来的人民币汇率制度改革经历了如下几个历程:汇率并轨实行单一汇率、经常项目下的自由兑换、盯住美元的固定汇率和参考一篮子货币。人民币汇率制度改革获得了巨大的收益,突出表现为保持了经济稳定和增长、提升了中国的国际公信力,但同时也产生了诸如游资冲击、货币错配和货币政策独立性受损等成本。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.