基于平均踏面廓形的动力学最优钢轨廓形设计

为改善打磨质量,提高打磨后车辆运行品质,提出一种基于逆向反推方法的铁路钢轨打磨廓形的设计思路。以优化的轮径差函数为核心目标,以预期的轮轨接触分布为边界条件,实现通过设计轮径差函数反推钢轨打磨廓形的算法设计,并经编制的算法程校验该方法的可行性。本文从直线运行平稳性、曲线通过能力和轮轨接触分布三个方面,分析CRH3型踏面、LMA型踏面、LMB型踏面和XP55型踏面与60N钢轨匹配时的接触特性。仿真结果显示,除直线运行平稳性有所下降外,其余的匹配特性均有所改善。该方法优化效率高,优化效果合理。     

基于轮径差函数的曲线钢轨打磨廓形设计

为改善打磨质量,提高打磨后车辆运行品质,提出了一种基于直接反推方法的铁路钢轨打磨廓形的设计方法,该方法以优化打磨后的轮径差函数为核心目标,以预期的轮轨接触分布为设计边界条件,实现了通过设计轮径差函数直接反推钢轨打磨廓形的算法设计,并经编制的算法程序校验了该方法的可行性.该方法既可针对两股钢轨同时设计,也可针对单股钢轨进行设计,同时能够通过调整设计轮径差和预期接触分布满足不同的打磨需求.     

普速铁路直线钢轨轨距角接触问题分析及治理

基于现场观测和相关动力学仿真分析结果对普速铁路直线钢轨轨距角接触问题进行了分析.基于个性化钢轨廓形打磨技术提出了解决方案,并对实施效果进行了跟踪观测.结果表明,左右车轮非对称磨耗引起的横移量和受力状态、钢轨廓形内侧偏低导致的自对中能力不足分别是车轮和钢轨廓形角度易导致轨距角接触的主要原因.由于普速铁路货车车轮状态不尽理想,因此通过钢轨廓形打磨只能减小接触的概率,较难完全根除.将钢轨廓形与实测车轮的接触位置分布情况预测作为钢轨打磨目标廓形设计结果校核条件之一时可有效优化轮轨接触位置,进而缓解轨距角接触问题.     

基于轮轨接触特征的转辙器区钢轨廓形设计

针对道岔转辙器区钢轨容易出现伤损及寿命短等问题,根据轮轨接触理论,提出了以滚动圆半径差函数和轮轨间接触点均匀分布为主要的设计目标,以轮轨接触点的位置为边界条件,利用欧拉积分方法求解微分方程,从而获得钢轨打磨的目标廓形的方法,并编制了相应的计算程序,进行了实例验证.结果表明,优化后的钢轨与车轮有更合理的匹配性,改善了车辆通过道岔时的动力学性能,减小了轮轨间的接触应力,使得接触分布和磨耗更加均匀,从而能延长钢轨使用寿命.     

不同形式的道岔钢轨打磨对高速列车动力学性能影响

针对部分高铁道岔打磨后出现车体横加报警现象,对道岔打磨形式进行研究,利用动力学软件建立轮轨接触模型及动力学模型,分析不同打磨形式下轮轨接触几何特性、轮轨磨耗、车辆运行安全性及车辆运行平稳性,并与实际不同形式打磨后高速列车车辆运行平稳性进行比较.结果表明:相比于传统钢轨打磨形式,通过个性化钢轨打磨道岔后,道岔钢轨左右股廓形对称,轮轨等效锥度理想;列车通过道岔时,轮轨磨耗改善显著,列车运行安全性及平稳性得到提升,与实测列车运行平稳性数据变化趋势一致,故采用个性化打磨方式可以改善道岔打磨后车体横加报警现象.     

钢轨廓形打磨关键环节及智能化实现

对钢轨廓形打磨的实施流程进行了阐述,并对目标廓形设计、打磨模式设计和结果验收评价等关键环节进行了分析,提出了各环节设计方法,开发了相关计算机智能设计程序,基于实际案例,对现场实施效果进行了观测分析。结果表明,对钢轨打磨各关键环节设计方法的优化可大幅提升钢轨打磨作业的针对性;计算机智能化设计程序的开发可大幅提升钢轨打磨方案的设计效率和实施精度; 昆明铁路局广通至大理铁路线采用智能化设计方法打磨后,小半径曲线钢轨和机车轮缘严重磨耗问题得到了有效解决,现场试验与理论分析结果基本吻合。     

高速铁路钢轨打磨对轮轨接触关系的影响

为研究钢轨打磨对轮轨接触关系的影响,根据武广高铁历次打磨后轨检车检测的轨道不平顺质量指数,选取现场实际打磨后的轮轨廓形,建立"车轮-钢轨"接触关系模型并进行有限元仿真计算,计算结果表明打磨后轮轨接触点会向钢轨踏面中心移动.通过对钢轨光带和廓形的跟踪调研发现:打磨后钢轨顶部形成20~30mm的光带;打磨13个月后,通过总重约为3.979×107 t,钢轨光带有变宽和双点接触的轻微痕迹;打磨17个月后,通过总重为5.203×107 t,光带明显变宽,宽度约为35mm.通过采集株洲和广州高铁工务段动检车的横向加速度报警量,发现钢轨打磨能有效减少动车横向加速度报警.通过分析长沙供电段供电量的变化,发现钢轨打磨能在一定程度上降低动车的耗电量.     

固定辙叉区心轨轨顶降低值优化设计方法

为了提升车辆过岔的轮轨动力性能,改善心轨的受力状况,根据辙叉区轮对与心轨和翼轨的接触特征,提出了一种固定辙叉心轨轨顶降低值的优化设计方法,该方法以降低车辆通过固定辙叉区的轮轨接触力为设计目标,以保证车辆的运行安全性和心轨轨顶降低值曲线的单调性为约束条件,利用粒子群算法求解优化模型,具有较快的收敛速度。研究结果表明,该优化设计方法能够根据岔区的钢轨廓形、翼轨加高值以及踏面廓形快速设计出与翼轨匹配较优的心轨轨顶降低值方案,改善辙叉区的轮轨接触关系,从而减小车辆过岔的轮轨冲击。     

400 m小半径曲线钢轨打磨前后车辆动力学特性分析

本文选取某线路磨损较为严重的400 m半径曲线钢轨作为研究对象,采用多体动力学软件UM建立车辆-钢轨耦合动力学模型,不考虑钢轨打磨前后的轨面平顺性,研究分析新轨及打磨前后旧轨廓形与全新车轮LMa车轮踏面接触时车辆动力学特性.结果表明:当横移量大于7 mm时,新轨等效锥度最大,打磨后旧轨等效锥度较打磨前小,车辆通过小半径曲线性能有所降低,但同时也将减小轮轨横向力,减小轮轨磨耗;较打磨前旧轨,打磨后旧轨与LMa车轮踏面接触时,踏面接触斑内纵向蠕滑率最大值分别减小15.07%、2.82%,左右股横向蠕滑率最大值分别减小4.48%、4.69%,左右股磨耗功最大值分别减少18.06%、9.04%;打磨后旧轨轮对横向/垂向加速度变化时域图与新轨几乎重合,且最大值较打磨前分别降低4.46%、19.05%,车辆运行平稳性得到提升;打磨后轨面状态得到改善,剥离掉块得到较好整治,波浪形磨耗得到较好处理,车辆运行品质得到改善.     

基于标准廓形钢轨的打磨模式机理

打磨模式的选取直接影响钢轨打磨的作业过程及其打磨效果,而钢轨打磨模式的作用机理可作为实现目标状态的指导。以国内60 kg标准钢轨为例开展钢轨打磨模式磨削要素发展规律的研究。基于建立的标准钢轨廓形的数学模型,结合打磨模式的分布特点以及砂轮与钢轨的干涉关系确定被磨钢轨横断面的计算模型;然后在实际作业的取值范围内讨论主要影响因素的变化规律,分析对称与非对称模式对钢轨廓形的影响,并通过对应打磨模式下实际廓形与理想廓形的分析对以上模型加以验证。结果表明:钢轨打磨砂轮的摆角越小,完成相同横断面移除量所需要的切削深度越小;横向对称模式与纵向模式对对称的标准廓形的往返作业对钢轨廓形的影响是相同的,非对称模式对钢轨廓形的磨削作用主要由打磨砂轮的角度分布模式决定。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.