城市综合客运枢纽交通方式换乘分担率模型

为确定城市综合客运枢纽各交通方式的分担率,以RP/SP数据为基础,引入随机效用理论,考虑时间、费用、出行目的和收入4种因素对方式选择的影响,构建了综合客运枢纽内多方式两两交叉换乘分担率模型,并应用于深圳福田客运枢纽。应用结果表明:公交与地铁等公共交通方式分担了将近80%的客流,周末出租车分担率显著高出工作日;模型能够更有效地计算枢纽内一种交通方式换乘某一特定交通方式的选择概率,并计算枢纽内各运输方式的换乘分担率,为城市综合客运枢纽的规划提供决策支撑。     

基于网络均衡的城市客运枢纽换乘需求研究

城市客运枢纽作为综合客运交通体系的重要组成部分,其基础内容就是研究枢纽的换乘需求. 将交通网络抽象为分层网络,在随机用户网络均衡理论基础上,分析城市交通网络中出行者的出行方式选择行为,构造出行费用函数,提出了相应的变分不等式模型和枢纽换乘流量的计算方法. 根据城市出发地目的地数据,通过外部变量的变化,得到城市客运枢纽换乘需求的变化,并对这些变化加以分析,以期改善客运枢纽的换乘能力. 最后结合一个算例,研究了外部变量的变化对城市客运枢纽换乘流量需求的关系,验证了方法的可行性. 研究结论为城市客运枢纽换乘需求研究提供有益的参考.      

综合运输客运枢纽换乘系统布局优化模型

从旅客的全出行过程分析了综合运输客运枢纽的旅客换乘流线和换乘特征,提出了基于全出行过程的"路径—方式"分配模型和枢纽车站的换乘量预测方法.从全路网来看,换乘布局影响路网客流分布和枢纽内各车站换乘量,外部路网和枢纽内的相关市政配套设施需依据交通量和换乘量同步变化,据此建立了综合运输客运枢纽换乘系统布局优化模型.最后,通过淄博北综合运输枢纽的实例验证了模型和方法的可行性.     

综合客运枢纽旅客换乘交通方式分担模型

为了解客运换乘枢纽旅客交通方式选择分担率,对换乘枢纽旅客交通方式选择影响因素进行分析,认为交通方式选择是道路交通网络基础特性、公共交通配套设施布局特性等客观因素以及旅客出行特性、旅客偏好等主观因素相互作用直至均衡的过程。依据效用最大化理论,在交通方式选择行为模型的基础上,引入感知和态度2个心理变量,构建了随机效用函数模型,并对模型求解。选取某换乘枢纽站的3种交通方式为调查对象,抽样调查了各交通方式的属性值,量化分析了各因素对交通方式选择作用的大小,对各交通方式的分担率进行了计算。研究结果表明:效用最大化能很好地反映旅客在选择交通方式时的决策过程,从旅客的个体出发,综合考虑旅客个体行为能较为客观地计算出不同交通方式的分担量,模型具有较好的实用性。     

综合客运枢纽布局模式及适用性分析

通过资料收集、现场座谈、实地踏勘等调查方式,对我国目前正在运营的将近20个典型综合客运枢纽的客流进行调研统计,着重分析深圳北站、天津站、北京南站、南京南站的典型布局模式.依据综合客运枢纽内客流的换乘方式,对我国现有的以铁路为主导的衔接布局模式进行分类,对比分析了不同换乘方式之间衔接布局模式的优缺点,并对各种布局模式的适用范围进行了界定.结果表明:我国综合客运枢纽布局模式主要分为平面一体式布局、平面分离式布局、立体式布局以及综合式布局4类;随着城市综合运输服务水平要求和社会公众满意度需求的不断增强,未来发展优势较为明显的是立体式布局模式.     

基于空间关联度的高铁综合客运 枢纽客流参数预测算法

提出了基于空间关联度的高铁客运枢纽客流参数预测算法. 通过对高铁综合客运枢纽瓶颈点及其关联点之间的关联度进行研究,利用瓶颈点和关联点的实时客流参数信息,实现对瓶颈点客流参数信息的短时预测. 实验证明该算法在高铁综合客运枢纽客流安全预警实际应用中,能够快速反映客流扰动,具有较强的抗干扰能力,为高铁综合客运枢纽安全预警提供支持.     

客运专线车站的换乘设计初探

客运专线车站换乘枢纽内各种交通方式的衔接、布局、能力匹配等，直接影响着各种流线的顺畅程度、乘客的换乘效率等，不仅体现了铁路的服务质量和市场竞争力，而且直接影响到铁路旅客的集散能力和效率，以及城市客运交通体系的服务水平等。因此本文对客运换乘枢纽内的换乘设计展开研究。     

基于RBF神经网络的高铁客运枢纽客流参数预测方法

客流参数预测是实现枢纽客流安全状态预警的重要手段,针对枢纽客流参数的预测问题,提出了基于RBF神经网络的高铁客运枢纽客流参数预测方法,通过对高铁综合客运枢纽内瓶颈点的短时客流参数信息进行预测,对客流的拥堵或滞留状态进行及时预警. 实验证明基于RBF神经网络的高铁客运枢纽客流参数预测方法能够对瓶颈点未来短时内的客流参数信息进行较准确地预测,并可较好地反映滞留客流状态.     

小汽车通勤出行者驻车换乘接运方式选择分析

随着城市化发展小汽车拥有量的增加,引起了城市中心区道路交通的严重拥堵,降低了出行效率.为此,北京、上海和广州等大城市通过提高公共交通服务水平,形成地铁、快速公交与较为发达的地面公交相结合的公共交通系统,吸引小汽车通勤出行者选择驻车换乘(Parking and Ride,P+R),进入城市中心区.本文结合北京市轨道交通沿线居民小汽车出行和地铁换乘,形成小汽车与轨道接运的特点,在总结北京城市轨道网特征及规模基础上,通过个体意愿调查统计,构建P+R出行方式选择模型,对地铁5号线终端站天通苑P+R驻车换乘需求进行了预测,为P+R建设和公共交通吸引能力分析提供参考.     

城市客运换乘枢纽设施布局效用分析

利用经济学中效用分析法,通过寻找枢纽内存在换乘的任何2种交通方式之间的关键路径,建立枢纽内设施不同布局方案的效用损失模型,以此评价和优化枢纽内设施布局方案.该效用损失函数充分考虑了居民换乘导致出行时间和费用的增加以及舒适性和方便性的损失.并结合深圳市世界之窗换乘枢纽站设施布局方案,进行了实例分析.结果表明在地铁站厅层设置为地铁接驳的室内公交站点能有效地提高枢纽的换乘效率.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.