不同基质和促根剂对灰木莲嫩枝扦插生根的影响

【目的】灰木莲在我国自然状态下只开花很难结实,即使少量结实,种实畸形,芽苗质量较差,而引进的种子品质参差不齐,在一定程度上制约了该树种人工资源的培育和开发利用。用不同促根剂处理灰木莲嫩枝插穗扦插于不同基质,初步筛选合适的生根基质,以及适宜的促根剂种类、浓度及处理时间。【方法】以灰木莲当年生枝条为试验材料,剪取中上部枝条做插穗,长8～10 cm,去除顶芽,每个插穗保留上部3个叶片,每片叶保留约1/4,用ABT-1号生根粉1 000 mg/L溶液处理插穗10 s,分别扦插于泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩、黄泥土、河沙基质,以及V(珍珠岩):V(蛭石)=1:1、V(珍珠岩):V(泥炭)=1:1、V(珍珠岩):V(泥炭)=3:1、V(泥炭):V(蛭石)=1:1、V(泥炭):V(蛭石)=3:1等5种复合基质,共10种基质,研究不同类型基质对插穗生根的影响。采用正交试验设计,选用ABT-1号、IBA和IAA 3种促根剂,每种促根剂设计500、1 000、1 500 mg/L 3个质量浓度梯度,处理时间为10 s、1 min、30 min,扦插在V(泥炭):V(蛭石)=3:1的复合基质中,研究促根剂种类、质量浓度和处理时间对灰木莲嫩枝插穗生根的影响。扦插完成后,抽样观测插穗切口及形态变化,统计愈伤组织产生的时间、插穗开始生根及大量生根的时间; 4个月后进行移栽并同时调查统计生根率、生根数量、平均根长、最长根长,并结合根系效果指数法对生根效果进行综合评价。【结果】灰木莲插穗的生根过程大致可分为4个阶段:①0～15 d,切口愈合,诱导及生成愈伤组织; ②≥15～40 d,愈伤组织逐渐增多; ③≥40～60 d,不定根从皮部或愈伤处生出; ④60 d以后,不定根大量增多。插穗生根类型以皮部生根型为主,兼具愈伤组织生根型和混合生根型(即愈伤组织部位和皮部均有不定根生成)。以V(泥炭):V(蛭石)=3:1为最佳生根基质,插穗生根率为47.92%,生根数量为8.03,根长为5.20 cm,根系效果指数达到1.310,生根效果最好。正交试验表明:对生根效果产生影响的因素主次顺序为处理时间>促根剂种类>促根剂浓度; 用质量浓度为1 000 mg/L的IBA处理插穗基部10 s时,生根率达到51.07%,根长为5.53 cm,根数为5.6条,根系效果指数可达到0.972。【结论】用灰木莲当年生嫩枝作插穗可进行扦插繁殖; 复合基质促进插穗生根的效果显著优于单一基质; 综合考虑选用质量浓度为1 500 mg/L的IBA处理插穗基部10 s,得到的扦插生根效果可能会更好。     

不同基质、生长调节剂及部位对米槁扦插生根的影响

如今米槁种群数量小,为增加及开发米槁资源,以米槁枝条为材料,开展了不同基质(蛭石、珍珠岩、河沙、珍珠岩∶河沙=1∶1)、不同部位(上部、中部、下部、不同种类(IBA、ABT-1、GGR-6)不同浓度的激素处理对米槁扦插生根影响的实验.扦插试验表明:珍珠岩基质中插穗生根率为65.56%,是米槁插穗扦插生根的最佳基质.植物生长调节剂种类和浓度对插穗生根作用显著,30mg/L的GGR-6浸泡4h的米槁插穗生根效果最好,生根率达到63.33%.米槁插穗生根效果由高到低依次为枝条的下部、中部、上部.     

枣树嫩枝扦插育苗的影响因素

对影响枣树嫩枝扦插生根的主要因素:插穗种类、激素处理、扦插时间、扦插基质按照正交试验设计的方法,进行了系统的研究.结果表明,影响生根的因素依次为:激素、插穗、插期、基质,并以6月20日至7月10日用枣头枝在1000 mg·kg-1的IBA液中速蘸10s扦插于沙壤土效果最好.     

三叶青无性扦插繁殖方法研究

为探讨高效的三叶青扦插繁殖方法,采用五因素四水平正交试验设计,以生根率、平均生根数和平均根长为扦插生根质量的指标,研究插穗类型、扦插基质、植物生长调节物质、处理浓度、处理时间对三叶青扦插繁殖生根的影响.结果表明,对生根质量指数影响效果最大的是扦插基质,其次是植物生长调节剂,处理浓度排第三,处理时间排第四,影响效果最小的是插穗类型.插穗类型为半木质化带二片叶,扦插基质为新鲜黄泥,植物生长调节剂为吲哚-3-丁酸(indole-3-butyric acid,IBA),处理的质量浓度为100 mg/L,处理时间为0.5 h,三叶青生根质量效果最佳.     

3-吲哚丁酸,插穗位置及生根基质对‘月月红’插穗生根的影响

以中国古老月季原种‘月月红’ (Rosa chinensis ‘yueyuehong’)半木质化插穗为实验材料,采用扦插的方法,研究了不同生根基质、不同插穗位置及不同浓度3-吲哚丁酸(IBA)对其生根的影响.结果表明,IBA处理可促进插穗生根,提高生根率,生根数及根长,在以河沙作为基质的插穗中,IBA浓度在500μg...     

杂种马褂木扦插繁殖技术研究--Ⅱ插穗粗细及环境条件与生根的关系

通过一系列试验,研究了插穗粗细及扦插基质、扦插时间等环境因子与杂种马褂木扦插生根的关系。结果表明:嫩枝扦插时适宜的插穗直径范围是4 mm~8 mm,最好为6 mm~8 mm;硬枝扦插时适宜直径范围是6mm~10 mm,最好为8 mm~10 mm;在参试的4种基质中,嫩枝扦插以珍珠岩最好,硬枝扦插以砻糖灰最佳;夏季扦插在5月中旬至8月下旬这段时间内均可进行,但以6月上旬前后扦插生根率最高。     

东北红豆杉树尖扦插繁殖试验

利用人工栽培的东北红豆杉树尖作插穗进行扦插繁殖试验.采用4种不同扦插基质和ABT生根液50×10-6,100×10-6两种质量分数及浸液处理8和16h观察插穗生根的实际情况.试验结果表明:4种扦插基质对插穗生根率无显著影响.插穗生根率在ABT生根液不同质量分数及不同浸液处理时间条件下无显著差异.与以往侧枝扦插试验相比,树尖扦插生根率明显高于侧枝扦插生根率,森林土与粗河沙混合基质比其他3种基质有利于插穗主干生长.试验结果可为利用修剪下来的丛生树尖快速繁育苗木提供依据.     

掌叶木扦插繁殖研究

通过研究不同成熟度插穗、不同基质、不同生根剂、不同浓度水平等方面对掌叶木扦插效果的影响。结果表明:半木质化成熟稍比抽新稍嫩枝更适宜作插穗;双吉尔-GGR扦插效果优于IBA,GGR浓度在50mg/L时效果较好,两种基质扦插后平均插穗保存率和生根率分别达到81.25%和75.00%;扦插基质为珍珠岩优于腐殖土和蛭石,在此基质中,插穗保存率和生根率均达到87.50%。     

不同激素和基质对墨西哥柏扦插影响的研究

为了提高墨西哥柏扦插成活率,以两年生嫩枝插穗为试验材料进行扦插试验。采用不同浓度的IBA、NAA及ABT生根粉浸泡插穗,以清水作对照,并分别在河沙、草炭土、珍珠岩及混合土(草炭土∶珍珠岩为1∶2)等基质上进行扦插。试验表明:以IBA吲哚乙酸300 mg/L浸泡插穗6 h效果最佳,生根率达到65%以上;珍珠岩插壤比其它基质扦插效果要好。秋季移植,珍珠岩扦插苗翌年移植成活率高达95.4%,当年新梢生长量5.7 cm。     

福建茶的扦插繁殖研究

本试验选用几种不同的扦插基质、不同部位的枝条、以及不同种类、不同浓度的植物生长调节剂处理,进行扦插试验观察,探讨扦插基质、插穗类型和植物生长调节剂对福建茶扦插生根率的影响.结果表明用生长调节剂处理可以大大提高插条的生根率,其中150mg/kg吲哚丁酸(IBA)溶液处理效果最佳,可以使扦插繁殖生根率达到90%;最适合福建茶扦插的基质是混合基质;最佳的插穗类型为中部半木质化嫩枝.本试验根据综合效应,选择最佳的实验方案,为福建茶的苗木生产提供了科学依据.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to