水溶性硅包CdTe量子点的合成方法研究（英文）

本研究成功地合成了水溶性CdTe量子点(QDs).考察温度对回流时间、荧光强度及粒径大小等因素的影响,实验优化合成条件之后确定最佳反应温度为105℃.接着,本研究运用改进后的Stober法更为简易地合成了硅包CdTe量子点复合微球,该微球的粒径可通过改变正硅酸乙酯及水的含量控制在160~260nm之间,同时根据复合微粒的电镜拍摄图初步探讨了SiO2在CdTe表面的生长模式.为了将来能运用到生物检测中,此实验加入3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTS),引入氨基团,并优化了APTS加入时间,得到的粒子表面氨基含量最高.这种复合微粒具有与原来量子点相当的量子产率,同时具有良好的水溶性、胶体稳定性、化学反应性,为量子点作为荧光标记物的应用打下了基础.     

静电作用对金纳米粒子猝灭CdTe量子点荧光的影响

分别合成了表面带正电荷和表面带负电荷且粒径相同的水溶性CdTe量子点,以及表面带有负电荷的金纳米粒子(AuNPs),考察了AuNPs对表面带不同种类电荷的CdTe量子点荧光的猝灭作用.结果表明:AuNPs对表面带正电荷CdTe量子点荧光具有更强的荧光猝灭能力,在pH=5~9时,AuNPs对表面带正电荷CdTe量子点的荧光猝灭率为0.640~0.846,对表面带负电荷CdTe量子点的荧光猝灭率为0.534~0.690.静电吸引可以增强AuNPs与CdTe量子点之间的相互作用.     

以巯基羧酸为混合稳定剂制备CdTe量子点

选用巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸,以及两者一定比例的混合物作为稳定剂,分别在水相中合成表面带负电荷的水溶性CdTe量子点,并对其性能进行比较.研究结果表明,以巯基乙酸和巯基丙酸混合物(摩尔比为1∶4)作稳定剂合成的CdTe量子点,比单独采用巯基乙酸或巯基丙酸作稳定剂制备的CdTe量子点具有粒径可控、尺寸均一,更易获得长波长的量子点,而且有相对较窄的荧光半峰宽和较高的荧光量子产率.     

水相中合成CdTe半导体量子点

用不同修饰剂在水相中合成了CdTe半导体量子点(Quantum Dots,QDs).通过紫外吸收光谱(UV-VIS)、荧光发射光谱(PL)、Zeta电位等方法对制备的样品进行了表征.实验结果表明:选用同一修饰剂,紫外吸收和荧光发射峰随反应时间的延长有明显红移,即粒径在不断长大;选用不同的修饰剂,反应相同的时间,可以得到不同粒径的量子点;合成CdTe量子点的发射谱的平均半峰宽约为50 nm,单分散性很好;以巯基乙酸为修饰剂,反应时间为240 min时,是水相合成CdTe量子点的最佳条件;量子点水溶液的Zeta电位受修饰剂和pH值的影响;水溶性的、带有官能团的量子点适合于进一步的生物应用.     

CdTe量子点荧光量子产率及生物标记

采用巯基乙酸为稳定剂,在水相中直接合成CdTe量子点,实现半导体纳米晶体的水溶性.利用巯基乙酸包覆的CdTe量子点外端的羧基与牛血清白蛋白的氨基,通过偶联剂的作用形成酰胺键,从而达到标记蛋白质的作用.利用荧光和紫外可见分光光度计,研究标记前后体系的发射光谱和吸收光谱的变化以及荧光量子产率,通过透析膜对标记后的牛血清白蛋白进行纯化,进一步用琼脂糖电泳证明牛血清白蛋白与CdTe量子点的结合.     

牛血清白蛋白修饰水溶性CdTe量子点及分析应用

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,采用水热法合成了CdTe 量子点,用牛血清白蛋白改变量子点的表面修饰状态并通过荧光发射光谱研究了溶液pH、温度和离子强度对表面修饰产生的影响.结果表明,CdTe量子点在502 nm处有吸收,在538 nm处有荧光发射,经牛血清白蛋白对其表面修饰后,吸收峰位不变,但吸光强度升高;荧光发射峰位不变,荧光显著增强.在优化的反应条件下,牛血清白蛋白质量浓度在0.05~1.0 mg/L范围内与荧光增加值呈线性关系,检出限为0.011 7 mg/L。以缓冲溶液为基底牛血清白蛋白含量测定获得满意结果.     

量子点功能化二氧化硅纳米微球的制备及其对蛋白质的亲和分离

采用液相沉淀法合成ZnS量子点,将多孔纳米二氧化硅(SiO_2)微球与ZnS量子点复合形成ZnS/SiO_2复合微球,随后在该微球表面修饰谷胱甘肽基团(-GSH基团),形成生物功能化的ZnS/SiO_2-GSH复合微球,该微球平均粒径100nm,粒径均一,分散性好,从透射电镜图可以看出,微球表面负载了一层ZnS,厚度约2nm.制备的ZnS/SiO_2-GSH微球可以从混合蛋白中直接分离纯化谷胱甘肽S-转移酶为标签的(GST-tagged)融合蛋白,电泳结果显示,该复合微球能够特异性地分离目标蛋白,分离效果良好,并具有良好的重复利用性,具有潜在的市场应用价值.     

壳聚糖基荧光纳米微球的合成及性质

利用乙醇辅助的静电络合法在水溶液中成功合成了包覆CdSe／ZnS量子点的壳聚糖荧光纳米微球,可以通过调节壳聚糖、L--胺四乙酸及量子点等3种原料的投料比,实现对产物微球表面电荷和粒径的控制．采用动态光散射和荧光光谱研究微球,分别证实了产品的生理介质稳定性和优异荧光性质．荧光纳米微球在生理盐水中可以稳定存储两周以上,且荧光性质不变．因此,结合微球表面丰富的可修饰性官能团,表明荧光纳米微球在生物标记及检测方面拥有巨大的潜力．     

L-半胱氨酸修饰CdTe量子点的合成及其对Cu2+的荧光猝灭检测

采用水相合成法,在氮气保护加热回流条件下,以L-半胱氨酸为稳定剂合成了水溶性的CdTe量子点,并通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、荧光光谱(PL)和紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)对样品进行了表征。结果表明所合成的量子点为立方闪锌矿结构,形状为球形,粒径2~4nm;以罗丹明6G为参照标准,回流时间为2h合成的CdTe量子点的荧光量子产率为45.08%。当CdTe量子点浓度为3.2×10-5mol/L、反应时间为3h时,其荧光猝灭程度与Cu2+浓度在400~4000nmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.99601,方法检出限为85nmol/L。     

在水相中优化合成CdTe半导体量子点

用巯基丙酸(MPA)作稳定剂,在氮气保护下,水相中合成了CdTe半导体纳米量子点.通过荧光光谱(PL)分析、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X线粉末衍射(XRD)光谱分析对产物进行了表征.实验结果表明:反应时间、温度、pH值、Te2-和Cd2+的物质的量比及巯基丙酸与镉离子的比例,对CdTe量子点的粒径大小、粒径的分布和粒子...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.