扰流柱参数对半固态AlSi9Mg组织的影响

提出将扰流冷却技术应用于半固态合金制备中,在自制的倾斜冷却装置内安放扰流柱,制备半固态AlSi9Mg合金水淬试样,用定量分析技术分析试样组织,研究扰流柱形状、排列方式和排列间距对半固态AlSi9Mg合金组织的影响.结果表明:扰流柱为水滴形时,制备的半固态AlSi9Mg合金中初生α-Al相较多,组织均匀,边缘轮廓清晰,初生α-Al相为球形或近球形,水淬组织特征为初生固相率53.54%,晶粒尺寸5.59μm,形状因子0.61.扰流柱的排列方式和排列间距对半固态Al-Si9Mg合金组织有较大的影响,叉排优于顺排,理想的排列间距为行间距S=15 mm,列间距L=40 mm.     

浇注长度对流变压铸AlSi9Mg组织及性能的影响

采用自制的倾斜流变装置制备半固态合金熔体并直接进行流变压铸,研究了浇注长度对半固态AlSi9Mg组织及性能的影响。结果表明:浇注长度对抗拉强度和伸长率影响较大,对硬度和冲击韧性影响较小。浇注长度为500 mm时,抗拉强度为290 MPa,延伸率为4.1%,硬度为77.9HBS,冲击韧性为0.72 kJ/m2。流变压铸后AlSi9Mg组织晶粒尺寸明显减小,形状明显圆整。浇注长度为500 mm时,流变压铸组织中的初生固相平均尺寸为7.1μm,形状因子为0.73。     

浇注温度对AlSi7Mg合金显微组织的影响

研究了不同的烧注温度对铸造AlSi7Mg合金凝固组织的影响。实验表明：当浇注湿度接近液相线温度时,AlSi7Mg合金中的初生α－Al凝固成球状或粒状,晶粒细小,分布均匀;获得球状或粒状AlSi7Mg合金半固态坯料的最佳浇注温度为615℃;在接近液相线温度下浇注,较快的合金溶体冷却速度、浇注引起的合金溶体流动和大范围的同时凝固促使AlSi7Mg合金形成球状或粒状的初生α－Al组织。     

浇注温度对AlSi9Mg半固态组织的影响

文章通过对AlSi9Mg合金在不同保温时间、保温温度下得到的显微组织的观察,研究了浇注温度对液相线浇注法制备AlSi9Mg合金半固态组织的影响;实验表明,随着浇注温度的降低,合金显微组织由树枝晶向蔷薇状形态再到球状或粒状组织变化,在605℃,保温30 min左右最佳。     

选区激光熔化成形AlSi10Mg合金力学性能稳定性研究

采用选区激光熔化（selective laser melting，SLM）技术在X、Y、Z 3个成形方向上批量生产了AlSi10Mg合金棒状试样，热处理后对所有试样进行室温拉伸性能测试，并对屈服强度和伸长率等主要拉伸性能指标进行统计分析，研究采用SLM技术在X、Y、Z 3个方向成形的AlSi10Mg合金力学性能稳定性。研究结果表明：不同方向成形的试样经热处理后力学性能差异较小，伸长率和屈服强度均表现出较小的离散；各个方向成形试样的屈服强度和伸长率满足正态分布，并且在正态分布概率密度函数曲线中均表现出以均值为中心的较高程度的集中；采用SLM技术制备的AlSi10Mg合金，成形参数和热处理工艺控制得当时，可以有效地缓解力学性能的各向异性，使X、Y、Z 3个方向成形试样的力学性能具有较高的稳定性。     

AlSi9Mg变速箱下壳低压铸造工艺模拟及优化

为解决低压铸造过程中容易产生气孔、夹渣、缩松等问题,研究了铸造工艺参数对低压铸造AlSi9Mg变速箱下壳充型及凝固过程的影响。依据Pro/Engineer软件绘制2种不同浇注系统的变速箱下壳三维实体模型,利用ProCAST软件进行数值模拟,探讨浇注温度、铸型温度及充型压力等对AlSi9Mg变速箱下壳低压铸造时金属液充型及凝固过程的影响,以标准化正交表对实验结果进行有效分析。结果表明,较合理的工艺参数为浇注温度700℃、铸型温度350℃、充型压力45 kPa,在此工艺参数下铝合金变速箱下壳铸件缩孔、缩松缺陷体积由原来的1.537 cm~3降为1.425 cm~3。对AlSi9Mg变速箱下壳低压铸造工艺进行模拟研究,可为变速箱下壳低压铸造工艺的优化提供参考依据,具有实际应用价值。     

半固态AlSi6Mg2铝合金循环剪切变形下的触变行为

在Couette型同轴圆桶流变仪上,采用滞后环工艺研究了半固态AlSi6Mg2铝合金浆料的触变行为.实验结果表明:半固态AlSi6Mg2铝合金浆料在循环剪切变形下,静置时间越长、剪切速率到达最大值所用时间越短、固相分数越大、最大剪切速率越大,则合金浆料τ-γ,滞后环所包围区域面积越大,合金浆料的触变性越强.     

铝合金半固态触变充型过程的计算机模拟

分析半固态AlSi7Mg合金触变充型过程中各个阶段浆料的压力和速度变化特征,建立耦合半固态表观粘度的三维流场数学模型,在考虑半固态边界条件和气体阻力方程基础之上,采用SOLAVOF法对铝合金件的触变充型过程进行模拟计算.结果表明, 入流速度大小对半固态浆料充填流态有显著影响.小的入流速度浆料充填流态倾向于采用平稳充型,同时气孔等缺陷产生倾向也小.与刹车泵体轴向注入工艺相比,在一定入流速度下,采用径向注入工艺成形阻力较小,充型中不会出现充不满的铸造缺陷.上述模拟结果与实际相吻合.     

工艺参数对半固态流变铸-锻6061合金成形性的影响

采用分析软件测定6061合金冷却曲线,用手工搅拌法制备半固态6061合金,制备不同温度下的水淬试样,测试了不同温度下的初生固相率。利用H1F100型伺服驱动压力机及杯型实验模具,进行半固态6061合金流变铸-锻成形,研究了合金温度、成形压力、上型温度、保持时间等工艺参数对半固态6061合金成形性的影响。结果表明:在一套模具内实现铸造和锻造是可行的,合金温度以及上型温度越高,制件的成形性越好。本实验条件下,当半固态合金温度为642~645℃、上型预热温度为200~300℃时,随着保持时间的增加,半固态6061合金铸-锻成形试样容易产生冷隔等铸造缺陷。     

ZA-27合金半固态电磁等温搅拌实验研究

研究电磁搅拌下合金在等温搅拌制度下初生相的演变过程和机理。结果表明：搅拌强度、固相体积分数的搅拌时间对控制合金斗固态浆料初生相的形态和分布有重要影响，获得的半固态搅拌试样的力学性能与经变质处理的结果相近。     

Preparation of semisolid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry through weak traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring

The semisolid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with large capacity was prepared by low superheat pouring and week traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring. The effects of electromagnetic stirring power and frequency on the shape and distribution of primary α-A1 grains in the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry were discussed. The experimental results show that the AlSi7Mg alloy slurry with fine and spherical primary α-A1 grains distributed homogeneously can be obtained. Under the condition of low superheat pouring and week traveling-wave electromagnetic stirring, when the pouring temperature is 630℃, raising the stirring power or frequency appropriately can gain a better shape of primary α-Al grains; but if the stirring power or frequency is increased to a certain value (1.72 kW or 10 Hz), the shape of primary α-A1 grains cannot be obviously improved and spherical primary α-Al grains distributed homogeneously can be still obtained.     

La对AlSi10Cu0.2Mg0.2Mn和ZnAl12Cu1(Mg)铸造合金力学性能的影响

利用Al-La中间合金制备了AlSi10Cu0.2Mg0.2Mn-x La和Zn Al12Cu1(Mg)-x La铸造合金,考察了不同的La含量对合金组织和抗拉强度、伸长率、冲击强度等性能的影响.研究结果表明:微量稀土La可以细化合金的晶粒,改变Si相晶粒大小和形状.与未添加La的合金相比,含有微量稀土La的AlSi10Cu0.2Mg0.2Mn-x La合金和Zn Al12Cu1(Mg)-x La合金具有更优良的力学性能.当AlSi10Cu0.2Mg0.2Mn铸造合金中La添加量为0.15%(质量分数)时,铸造合金的伸长率增加2.7倍.含有0.1%(质量分数)La的Zn Al12Cu1(M g)-x La合金抗拉强度和伸长率相比于未添加稀土La的合金,分别增强1.3倍和3.2倍.含有0.3%(质量分数)La时Zn Al12Cu1(Mg)-x La的硬度增强1.8倍,但冲击强度是含有0.15%(质量分数)La时最高.综合考虑Zn Al12Cu1(Mg)-x La铸造合金的机械性能,稀土La的最优添加量为0.1%~0.2%(质量分数).     

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of SLMed Sc-modified AlSi10Mg alloy

The influence of heat treatments on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the selective laser melting manufactured AlSi10Mg alloy modified with Sc was systematically investigated. The results showed that the addition of Sc element introduced primary Al₃Sc, which increased the heterogeneous nucleation during the solidification of AlSi10Mg alloy, and then the ultrafine network eutectic structure was obtained, and hence the tensile strength was improved significantly (nearly 23 ​%). During the heat treatment process, the network eutectic structure transformed from continuous to discontinuous, and the grain refinement was weakened with an increasing heating temperature, both of which affected the mechanical properties of the Sc modified AlSi10Mg alloy. The tensile strength decreased from 438 ​± ​10 ​MPa for the Sc-modified alloy to 208 ​± ​6 ​MPa, while the fracture strain significantly increased from 6 ​± ​0.2 ​% to 30.2 ​± ​1.2 ​% when the Sc-modified alloy was heat-treated at 325 ​°C for 12 ​h. It has been found that the desirable microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM Sc-modified AlSi10Mg alloy can be realized by controlling the heat treatment process parameters.     

Investigation of rheo-diecasting mold filling of semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry

The rheo-diecasting mold filling capacity and the microstructure of the semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry were investigated. The results show that the mold filling capacity was strengthened with increasing pouring temperature or increasing injection pressure. Under certain process parameters, the mold cavity was fully filled. However, the mold filling capacity decreased with increasing holding time. The mold filling capacity was improved with increasing shape factor of primary α(Al) grains; however, the solid fraction and the grain size significantly increased at the same time. In addition, the microstructures along the route of the spiral samples obviously differed. The grain size decreased gradually from the near-end to the far-end, whereas the shape factor increased gradually.     

Zr含量对汽车车身用Al-0.36Mg-1.23Si合金板材组织及性能的影响

借助OM，TEM观察，拉伸和杯突试验研究w(Zr)≤0.29%对T4P态Al-0.36Mg-1.23Si合金板材显微组织、成形性和烤漆硬化性的影响.结果表明，当w(Zr)≤0.15%时，Zr以40~50nm的(AlSi)₃(Zr_○xTi_1-○x○)弥散相粒子存在于铝基体中，粒子数量随Zr含量增加而增多，Zr质量分数超过0.22%，板材中出现3～23 μm的(AlSi)₃(Zr_○xTi_1-○x○)初生相.添加0.15% Zr使板材的再结晶晶粒从无Zr板材的55 μm细化至20 μm，Zr含量继续增加，晶粒无明显变化.Zr含量增加，T4P态板材的强度略有增大，延伸率先保持不变后逐渐减小，n_10~20，r₁₀和I_E值基本不变.含Zr合金板材经模拟烤漆后的屈服强度增量均超过86MPa，但Zr含量增加对合金板材的烤漆硬化性无明显影响.     

AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料制备及其触变成形

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术制备AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料,研究制坯工艺以及二次加热温度和保温时间对半固态浆料微观组织的影响,通过组织与性能分析对AlSi7MgBe合金的半固态触变成形性进行了研究.研究结果表明,AlSi7MgBe合金采用近液相线半连续铸造,坯料具有均匀、细小的蔷薇状组织.当二次加热温度为595℃,保温15 min时,能够得到适合于进行半固态触变成形的球化组织.对近液相线半连续铸造AlSi7MgBe合金坯料进行半固态触变成形,可以获得轮廓清晰、组织致密的成形件,成形件的组织与性能得到改善,与液态模锻工艺相比,硬度提高20%.