FGFR2Ⅲc及其突变型腺病毒对小鼠乳腺癌作用的研究

目的:研究FGFR2Ⅲc及其突变型腺病毒对小鼠乳腺癌的作用.方法:确定腺病毒颗粒Ad、AdFGFR2Ⅲc及Ad-FGFR2ⅢcS252W感染4T1细胞的最佳MOI,并通过RT-PCR检测外源目的基因的表达.建立BALB/c小鼠的4T1乳腺癌模型,在此模型上原位注射重组腺病毒颗粒治疗17天,观察其对小鼠肿瘤的作用.结果:...     

BALB/c裸鼠自发性淋巴瘤二例

对饲养在SPF环境中,鼠龄6个月的47只T细胞缺乏的BALB/c(nu/nu)裸鼠及26只T细胞正常的BALB/c(+/nu)杂合子小鼠进行病理观察,发现两只BALB/c(nu/nu)裸鼠生长自发性肿瘤。病理诊断分别为浆细胞样淋巴细胞型淋巴瘤和B免疫母细胞型淋巴瘤。肿瘤发生率为4.26％。而BALB/c(+/nu)杂合子小鼠未见肿瘤生长。     

嗜盐真菌多样性及其抗肿瘤活性研究

为探讨海盐田中的嗜盐真菌类型及其抗肿瘤作用,采用稀释涂布法和平板划线法分离海盐田中的可培养真菌,并基于ITS基因序列分析鉴定菌株,通过FGFR2过表达和未过表达的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性以及酶联免疫吸附法（Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA）评价真菌的抗肿瘤作用。本研究分离得到11种嗜盐真菌,隶属于3科4属。真菌Epicoccum sorghinum（编号GXIMD02001）的提取物对FGFR2过表达的乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231-（S252W）增殖有较强的抑制作用,其半抑制浓度IC₅₀为11.02 μg/mL,而对FGFR2未过表达乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231几乎没有抑制活性,该提取物在1 mg/mL浓度下对FGFR2蛋白激酶活性抑制率为91.5%;两株真菌（编号GXIMD02004和GXIMD02009）对FGFR2表达乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MDA-MB-231（S252W）增殖抑制的IC₅₀为11.94-16.41 μg/mL;5株真菌的IC₅₀为219.2-449.7 μg/mL。嗜盐真菌（编号GXIMD02001）是首次报道具有靶向FGFR2抗肿瘤作用的海洋真菌,部分嗜盐真菌具有较好抗肿瘤作用,本研究为北部湾海洋微生物来源的抗肿瘤药物开发利用提供科学依据。     

H-2基因检测方法在北京市实验动物遗传质量抽检中的应用

目的为贯彻实施新国标,通过检测小鼠H-2单倍型,确认近交系小鼠免疫遗传质量。方法依据新国标GB/T14927.2-2008中的微量细胞毒检测方法,检测北京地区主要生产厂家的BALB/c和C57BL/6小鼠共70只的H-2单倍型。结果共抽检4个单位的BALB/c和C57BL/6近交系小鼠70只,经检测BALB/c为H-2Dd和H-2Kd,C57BL/6为H-2Db和H-2Kb,符合率100%,质量符合要求。结论经抽检,北京地区主要生产厂家2个品系小鼠免疫遗传质量合格。     

腺病毒介导的wtp53基因对五种癌细胞系的生长抑制作用

构建重组腺病毒载体 Ad CMVp53 ,将 wtp53分别导入 PG(人肺巨细胞瘤细胞 )、CAE(人结肠癌细胞 )、HCT(人结肠癌细胞 )、He La(人宫颈癌细胞 )及 BEL74 0 2 (人肝癌细胞 )五种癌细胞中 ,测定 Ad CMVp53对癌细胞的半抑制浓度 ( IC5 0 )和细胞生长曲线 ,分析不同组织癌细胞对 Ad CMVp53的敏感程度 .结果表明 ,Ad CMVp53对癌细胞具有与病毒剂量相关的明显致死作用 ,但不同细胞对腺病毒剂量的敏感程度有差异 ,PG、CAE和BEL74 0 2三个细胞系较为敏感 ,其 IC5 0 低于 1 5MOI(重复感染率 ,multipicity of infection) ;而 He La和 HCT细胞需要较高的病毒剂量 ,IC5 0 分别为 1 0 0 MOI和 80 0 MOI.     

p53 基因敲除小鼠生长发育和繁殖性能的调查

摘要: 目的观察p53 基因敲除小鼠与BALB/c 小鼠在生长发育和繁殖性能方面的差异。方法p53 基因敲除小 鼠和BALB/c 小鼠各34 只,雌雄各半,观察其2 周龄至12 周龄的体质量和体长,并随机选取30 笼一雌一雄所产第 2 胎仔鼠进行幼仔个数的统计。结果在生长发育方面,3 周龄时p53 基因敲除小鼠与BALB/c 小鼠体质量无明显 差异,P = 0. 846 ＞ 0. 05; 6 周龄时p53 基因敲除小鼠体质量明显低于BALB/c 小鼠,P = 0. 000 ＜ 0. 05; 体长在3 周龄 和6 周龄时p53 基因敲除小鼠体长明显低于BALB/c 小鼠,P = 0. 000 ＜ 0. 05。在繁殖性能方面,p53 基因敲除小鼠 同样明显低于BALB/c 小鼠,P = 0. 000 ＜ 0. 05。结论初步研究了p53 基因敲除对小鼠的繁殖与发育的影响,与 BALB/c 小鼠比较均有显著差异。     

山慈菇酯提物对4T1乳腺癌免疫微环境的影响

为探究山慈菇酯提物(Cremastra appendiculata,CrAp)体内外抗4T1乳腺癌的作用以及对4T1乳腺癌荷瘤小鼠免疫相关的分子机制的影响.采用四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法(MTT法)检测不同浓度(12500、1250、125、12.5、1.25、0.125μg/mL)的CrAp在24、48、72 h对4T1乳腺癌细胞的增殖抑制作用.100只BABL/c雌性小鼠植瘤成功后,随机分成空白对照组、模型组、阿霉素(adriamycin,ADM)阳性对照组、CrAp组以及CrAp+ADM组,每隔7 d小鼠称重一次,绘制体重曲线;每3 d测量小鼠肿瘤长径及短径,绘制肿瘤曲线;剥离癌组织,计算抑瘤率;取癌组织做苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)染色;ELISA法检测白介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、干扰素-γ(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)和白介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10)含量的变化.TMT分析CrAp调控与4T1乳腺癌免疫相关的差异蛋白.结果表明:在MTT实验中,不同浓度的CrAp抑制率范围为13.48％ ～74.47％,其中CrAp(125μg/mL)在72 h抑制作用最强,抑制率为74.47％.乳腺癌荷瘤鼠体重明显降低;CrAp能明显增加乳腺癌小鼠的体重(P<0.01),并明显降低乳腺癌肿瘤体积(P<0.01).癌组织HE染色:模型组肿瘤细胞形态完好,数目较多,坏死区域少见;CrAp及CrAp+ADM组肿瘤细胞破裂以及胞核溶解,密度降低,并存在不同程度的死亡区域,且各给药组增加了乳腺癌中免疫细胞的数量.在癌组织中,与模型组相比,各药物组明显升高IL-2和IFN-γ的含量(P<0.01),而明显降低TNF-α和IL-10的含量(P<0.01).在体外,CrAp可抑制4T1乳腺癌细胞的增殖.在体内,CrAp能抑制4T1乳腺癌的增长,增加荷瘤小鼠的体重,改善乳腺癌荷瘤小鼠的生存.CrAp提高癌组织中免疫因子IL-2、IFN-γ的表达而降低TNF-α、IL-10的表达.此外,CrAp可以增强ADM抗4T1乳腺癌及免疫调节作用.     

小鼠主要组织相容性复合体在鼠肝癌H_(22)中的表达

目的观察小鼠主要组织相容性复合体(H-2)在小鼠移植性肝癌的核酸及蛋白水平的表达,初步探讨动物移植性肿瘤的可移植机制。方法以小鼠移植性肿瘤H22为实验材料,BALB/c小鼠为荷瘤动物,以荷瘤小鼠肝脏为参照,应用RT-PCR技术检测H-2分子在mRNA水平的表达,以免疫组化技术检测在蛋白水平的表达。结果在小鼠移植性肝癌H22中,H-2分子在核酸水平的表达无异常,而在蛋白表达水平出现下调。结论鼠肝癌H22的H-2分子在蛋白水平的表达下调可能与肿瘤的可移植性有关。     

IVC笼盒原位实施小鼠二氧化碳安乐死方法的建立

目的 建立一种在原饲养IVC笼盒中实施小鼠二氧化碳安乐死的方法。方法 将4～5周龄BALB/c小鼠、4～5周龄C57BL/6小鼠和2周龄C57BL/6小鼠各10只,按照5只/笼的标准饲养。以28%容器体积/min气体置换率,将二氧化碳通入小鼠饲养笼实施安乐死。结果 4～5周龄BALB/c小鼠和C57BL/6小鼠均在2～3 min之间失去意识,5～6 min之间死亡,与美国国立卫生研究院指南中要求的一致。2周龄C57BL/6小鼠死亡需要的时间长于4～5周龄C57BL/6小鼠,并有显著性差异。结论 成功建立了小鼠在原饲养IVC笼盒中实施二氧化碳安乐死的方法。该方法有效降低了小鼠应激反应,提高了动物福利;且有利于操作人员身心健康。     

BALB/c和昆明（KM）小鼠脓毒症盲肠结扎穿孔模型的比较

目的比较应用BALB/c和昆明（KM）小鼠建立脓毒症盲肠结扎穿孔（Cecal Ligation and Puncture,CLP）模型的区别。方法 BALB/c和KM小鼠各30只,分别建立假手术组和CLP模型组,术后6 h进行血常规、生化检测、病理切片检查,术后72 h比较两种品系小鼠盲肠结扎模型的生存率。结果术后72 h两品系小鼠假手术组存活率均为100%,CLP组BALB/c小鼠存活率为40%,KM小鼠存活率为60%,BALB/c小鼠72 h生存能力低于KM小鼠（P〈0.05）。与各自品系的假手术组相比,BALB/c小鼠和KM小鼠在术后6 h白细胞上升,血小板下降,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶升高（p〈0.05）,肺损伤明显,而红细胞、尿素氮和肌酐无明显差异。结论 BALB/c小鼠较KM小鼠对脓毒症盲肠结扎模型的敏感度更高。     

树突状细胞瘤内注射联合放疗对小鼠肾癌细胞因子的影响

目的研究树突状细胞(Dendritic cell,DC)瘤内注射联合放疗对小鼠肾癌治疗后脾细胞分泌细胞因子水平的变化。方法用Renca肾癌细胞(2.5×106/只)制作小鼠皮下移植瘤模型,接受肿瘤局部放射治疗,7Gy 6脉伏电子线/次,并在肿瘤部位直接注射未负载肿瘤抗原的DC,1×106/次,第28 d处死小鼠。检测肿瘤生长速度和瘤体重量。ELISA检测小鼠脾细胞IL-2I、FN-γI、L-4、IL-10和TNF-α分泌水平。结果与肿瘤组比较,DC联合放疗组小鼠的肿瘤生长速度明显缓慢,肿瘤体积明显减小,脾细胞分泌IL-2、IFN-γ和IL-4的能力显著提高。结论瘤内树突状细胞注射联合放疗能够有效地抑制BALB/c小鼠肾癌的生长。     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7) was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7). To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an en- hanced accumulation of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4 cells in the tumors of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. Ultrastructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the recombinant bacteria; the exogenous gene can de delivered to the host by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to produce anti-tumor effect with no obvious cytotoxity to the host. In this study, it is established that attenuated Salmonella typhimurium could be used as a vector for oral gene vaccine, and our study provided a theoretical basis for the body distribution and the metabolism of the recombinant bacteria. This strategy may provide a simple, safe and effective way for the prevention and treatment of tumors.     

熊果酸对H22荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用

目的 探讨熊果酸（UA）对H22荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用及免疫功能的影响.方法 皮下移植建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,腹腔注射不同剂量UA,检测抑瘤率和免疫器官指数,MTT法检测脾脏T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,流式细胞术检测CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞亚群含量及比例,ELISA法检测血清细胞因子IL-2、IL-4和TNF-α的表达量.结果 UA对小鼠皮下移植性肿瘤H22有显著的抑制作用,可降低免疫器官中异常增大的脾指数,增强脾脏中T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,提高淋巴细胞亚群CD4＋T细胞表达及CD4＋/CD8＋T细胞亚群比例,促进血清IL-2、TNF-α表达,降低IL-4表达.结论 UA可抑制小鼠肝癌H22肿瘤生长,体内可以提高荷瘤小鼠的免疫能力,其抗肿瘤作用可能与机体的免疫调节作用相关.     

Study on interleukin-18 gene transfer into human breast cancer cells to prevent tumorigenicity

To study the effect of interleukin-18 gene transfection on the tumorigenesis of breast cancer cell line Bacp37, human breast cancer cell line Bcap37 were transfected with Lipofectamine and selected by G418. The biological expression of rhIL-18 was tested by RT-PCR and ELISA method; nude mice were injected with Bcap37 cell with or without the hIL-18 gene. The hIL-18 cDNA was successfully integrated into Bcap37 cell; 126.3+/-4.5 pg hIL-18 secreted by one million transduced cells in 24 hours. Nude mice injected with IL-18 gene engineered Bcap37 cell had no tumor growth. These findings indicated that human breast cancer cells were successfully modified by the gene of IL-18 cytokine; the IL-18 gene engineered Bcap37 cells secreted hIL-18 and lost their tumorigenicity. The Bcap37 cells transduced with IL-18 gene may be used as breast cancer vaccine.     

注射麻醉剂抑制小鼠EMT6乳腺肿瘤的生长

通过注射常规麻醉剂,可以降低患肿瘤生物个体新陈代谢强度,继而抑制其肿瘤生长及降低疼痛;观察了麻醉剂对移植性小鼠乳腺癌(EMT6)生长的抑制作用。通过对移植乳腺癌肿瘤小鼠的培养及给药实验,全面模拟人体生长肿瘤时的生理特征。在小鼠完成移植肿瘤细胞1周后,开始注射麻醉剂,同时对肿瘤生长及小鼠生理状况进行逐天监控;给药2周后处死小鼠并检测。实验发现,注射麻醉剂组小鼠肿瘤生长速度慢于实验对照组,肿瘤抑制率最高达18.5%。结果表明,注射麻醉剂可以延缓肿瘤生长,在乳腺癌治疗上具有可行性。     

Prophylaxis of tumor through oral administration of IL-12 GM-CSF gene carried by live attenuated salmonella

A live attenuated AraA^- autotrophic mutant ofSalmonella typhimurium (SL3261) was used as carrier for eukaryotic expression vectors EGFPN1, pCMVmIL-12, pCMVhIL-12, pCMVmGM-CSF and pCMVhGM-CSF and was administered orally to BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. After 6 weeks, these mice were challenged with 4T1 and Lewis tumor cells respectively. GFP expression and gene integration could be detected in mice’s livers, spleens, intestines, kidneys and tumors. The serum level of cytokines increased significantly in treated mice, so did the ratio of CD ₈ ⁺ /CD ₄ ⁺ , which resulted in the tumor regression and prolongation of the survival time of those mice. These researches laid an experimental foundation for the tumor gene therapy using live attenuated salmonella.     

Specific targeted killing of ErbB2 positive breast cancer by retro virus-mediated Immunocaspase-3 secreting T cells

In this study, lmmunocaspase-3 gene was transfected into Jurkat T lymphocytes and the targeted proapoptotic protein Immunocaspase-3 was stably secreted.Its entry to ErbB2 positive SKBr3 breast carcinoma cell line was observed by indirect immunofluorescence staining.Growth of SKBr3 cells was significantly inhibited when they were cultured with medium containing Immunocaspase-3.Next, lmmunocaspase-3 gene was cloned into retrovirus vector pLNCX, which was then transfected into PA317 cells to package. Packaged cells producing high titer pseudoviruses were acquired and the pseudoviruses were harvested to infect PBMCs, which had been stimulated to division. The latter were selected and administered to nude mice bearing SKBr3 tumors through tail vein. The results showed that the treatment contributed to an inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged the lifetime of nude mice bearing SKBr3 tumor.The efficiency of inhibition of tumor reached 73.25%, and the average lifetime of treated nude mice was 80.95% longerthan that of control group. Immunohistochemical examination revealed the exclusive distribution of Immunocaspase-3 proteins only in the tumor tissue samples; and TUNEL assay confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in tumor calls. Thepresent study suggests that Immunocaspase-3 secreted by T lymphocytes can selectively bind and enter into ErbB2 positive breast cancer cells, where it exhibits a proapoptotic activity and causes tumor suppression in an in vivo tumor model.     

小鼠乳腺癌发生过程的红外热图特征及其早期诊断学意义

通过对移植乳腺癌肿瘤小鼠的培养,全面模拟人体生长肿瘤时的生理特征,并借助远红外成像系统,对肿瘤生长初期及中期进行逐天监控,得到一个全面的乳腺癌生长记录。同时对乳腺癌细胞的生长机制进行理论刻画。实验发现,小鼠注射乳腺癌细胞初期,从体表并不易观测到肿瘤的生成,但借助远红外成像设备,可以明显地探测到肿瘤的存在,且能以一种灵敏的方式表征出肿瘤在小鼠体内的发展情况,说明远红外成像方法在早期诊断乳腺癌上具有可行性。进一步的理论模拟及试验结果表明,小鼠肿瘤细胞在其体内呈指数生长趋势。     

硒化合物与抗癌中药配伍的抗肿瘤作用

目的观察微量元素硒(se)与抗癌中药结合是否具有明显抗肿瘤活性。方法将小鼠肝癌HepA或Ehrlich腹水癌细胞悬液,注射于BALB/C雄性小鼠,皮下或腹腔造成实体肝癌或腹水癌模型。观察肿瘤生长曲线、动物的生存曲线肿瘤的抑制率。结果(1)给药动物肿瘤生长曲线明显低于对照动物;(2)动物生存曲线明显延长。给药荷瘤小鼠的生存期为43.2 d±2.8 d,对照组为25.5 d±12.1 d;生命延长率明显提高,约为对照组的1.7倍;(3)对小鼠肝癌的抑制率达66%~78%(P<0.01),对小鼠艾氏瘤的抑制率达72%~81%(P<0.01)。结论微量元素硒与适当中药结合有明显抗癌活性。     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella typhimurium</Emphasis> vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1＋ VEGFR2（n1-7） was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimuriurn SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1＋VEGFR2（n1-7）. To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy （TEM） was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an enhanced accumulation of CD8^＋ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4^＋ cells in the tumore of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. UI- trestructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the r