以焦粉为碳源所制荧光碳量子点的表征及性能分析

以焦粉为碳源,混合酸(浓H_2SO_4和浓HNO_3)为氧化剂,采用水热法制备荧光碳量子点。利用UVVis、FTIR、TEM、XRD等对其进行表征,并分析碳量子点的合成条件对碳量子点的结构和性能的影响。结果表明,合成条件对碳量子点性能的影响由主到次的顺序为:混合酸体积反应温度pH值反应时间;合成该碳量子点的最佳条件为:反应温度为95℃、混合酸体积为12mL、反应时间为9h及pH值为9,所制荧光纳米碳量子点的粒径较小且分布均匀,具有良好的水溶性。     

ZnO量子点的制备及其条件优化

利用溶胶-凝胶法在乙醇溶液中制备出ZnO量子点。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和荧光光谱对合成量子点的合成条件(反应温度、反应时间、摩尔比)进行了优化。结果表明,在反应温度为40℃、反应时间为1 h、Zn Ac2与Li OH的物质的质量比为1∶2时,得到的ZnO量子点的发光性能最佳,此时能产生明亮的黄绿色荧光。     

含钛电炉熔分渣制备4A分子筛及其吸附性能

以含钛电炉熔分渣提钛后的水浸液为原料,采用常压回流法和水热法分别合成了4A分子筛.在控制硅铝比(n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)摩尔比)为2的条件下,系统探讨了水钠比(n(H2O)/n(Na2O)摩尔比)、反应时间和温度对合成4A分子筛物相和微观形貌的影响.当控制水钠比为80且反应时间为8 h时,采用常压回流法可以制备出尺寸均一且结晶完全的4A分子筛;而采用水热法在120℃条件下,3 h即可制备得到形状规则的4A分子筛.另外,探讨了水热法不同反应温度条件下制备的分子筛对硫酸铜溶液吸附性能的影响.结果表明:反应温度为120℃条件下合成的4A分子筛对铜离子的吸附效率最高,在150 min时其吸附率可达70%.     

水溶性碳量子点的制备及荧光性能

以可再生的葡萄糖晶体为原料,采用一步水热法制备了粒径均一、溶剂分散性较好、具有激发依赖和上转换性能的水溶性荧光碳量子点(Water-soluble Carbon Dots,W-CDs)。考察了葡萄糖溶液的浓度和反应时间对W-CDs荧光性能的影响,借助高分辨透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析优选出合成W-CDs的参数,并研究了其荧光性能。结果表明:当葡萄糖溶液浓度为25mmol/L,水热反应时间8h,反应温度为180℃时,制备了发蓝绿色光的W-CDs,粒径为5nm左右,荧光量子产率为1.13%,且具有上转换荧光现象和pH响应性。     

生物功能化碳量子点制备

为了实现碳量子点在细胞荧光成像方面的应用,采用共价修饰的方法对碳量子点进行生物功能化.采用水热法,以柠檬酸为碳源,乙二胺为钝化剂合成了蓝色荧光碳量子点.为了进一步实现碳量子点的共价偶联,对碳量子点进行羧基化处理,然后通过两步功能分子修饰完成生物功能化碳量子点的制备.采用透射电子显微镜、荧光和紫外分光光度计、红外光谱仪、电位粒度分析仪及荧光共聚焦显微镜研究了生物功能化碳量子点的性质和功能.实验结果表明:聚乙二醇(PEG)和核定位肽TAT通过酰胺化反应成功修饰至碳量子点上,叶酸(FA)通过酯化反应成功修饰至PEG末端,两步共价修饰完成了生物功能化碳量子点的制备.该生物功能化碳量子点具有电中性、小尺寸、低毒性和细胞核靶向的功能,适用于细胞荧光成像分析.     

碳纳米点的合成与表征及影响因素分析

为研究不同合成方法对碳纳米点特征的影响。以柠檬酸三钠和尿素为原料,采用水热法制备了一种性能良好的碳纳米点,表征结果表明所合成的碳纳米点的粒径范围为1.6～3.6 nm,分散度较好,表面含有羟基、氨基、羰基、羧基等官能团,其水溶液在紫外光照射下发出蓝色荧光,可用于金属离子的还原及检测等领域。进而分析合成方法对碳纳米点特征的影响,结果表明,原料相同时,自下而上法制备碳纳米点的合成机制近似相同,然而微波法合成的碳纳米点粒径较大,反应时间和温度不易控制。     

新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点的制备及其性能

通过水热反应法,以苹果酸、乙二胺(N源体)和L-半胱氨酸(S源体)为碳源,制备了N和S共掺杂的荧光碳量子点,对该碳量子点的形貌、结构、组成和光学性能进行了试验,试验选择150℃作为反应体系温度,pH值调整为8.0,反应时间为24 h.研究结果表明:制备的新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点粒径分布均匀,水溶性好;通过X射线电子能谱,发现新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点主要由C,N,O和S构成,N和S分别以氨基和磺酸基团的形式存在于碳量子点的表面;新型N,S-CDots的荧光量子产率达到了23.84%,表明其具有较好的荧光性能.     

固相法合成甘氨酸亚铁络合物及其表征

以甘氨酸和硫酸亚铁铵为原料,采用固相研磨法和固相熔融法合成了甘氨酸亚铁络合物.固相研磨法合成的最佳条件为n甘氨酸∶n硫酸亚铁铵=2∶1(摩尔比),反应温度25℃,反应时间10 min,产率达94.8%.固相熔融法合成的最佳条件为n甘氨酸∶n硫酸亚铁铵=2∶1(摩尔比),反应温度75℃左右,反应时间2 min,产率达97.8%.用元素分析、IR、UV、差热-热重分析等手段对两种方法合成的络合物的结构和成分进行表征,确定其化学式为(NH2CH2COO)2Fe.2H2O.     

一步合成水溶性碳量子点及其荧光性能研究

以麦芽糖为碳源,运用一步微波法制备了具有激发依赖的水溶性荧光碳量子点(CQDs)。考察了麦芽糖的浓度、反应时间、反应微波功率以及钝化剂的浓度对CQDs荧光性能的影响。借助高分辨透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析来表征CQDs的表面结构及光谱特性。并探究了p H、氧化还原剂、表面活性剂、金属离子对其荧光强度的影响。实验结果表明:CQDs在水溶液中粒径均一,分散性良好,具备优良的荧光特性和光稳定特性。在弱酸弱碱性环境下具有良好的荧光性能,表面活性剂对其荧光性能影响不大,而一些氧化还原剂、金属离子对其荧光有不同程度的增敏和猝灭作用。     

阳离子型水性聚氨酯的研制

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)为主要原料,用自乳化法合成了阳离子型水性聚氨酯;探讨了合成反应工艺条件.研究表明,较佳的合成工艺条件为:制备预聚物时n(NCO)/n(OH)比值为3:1;以N—甲基二乙醇胺为扩链剂,采用“饥饿加料”方式,其用量为预聚物质量分数的5.0%~6.0%;预聚物合成反应温度为60℃,反应时间3 h;扩链反应的反应温度40℃,反应时间5 h;中和度为80%~100%.在此工艺条件下,合成的阳离子型水性聚氨酯具有良好的稳定性能.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.