由煤系高岭土原位合成NaY分子筛

以煤系高岭土为原料 ,经碱熔活化、补硅 ,在优化的合成条件下 ,可以原位水热合成NaY分子筛。详细考察了晶化温度、晶化时间、加水量、老化时间和合成体系中硅铝比等反应因子对合成产物的结构和热稳定性的影响。得出的最佳反应条件如下 :合成体系中硅铝经为 2 ,晶化温度 370K、晶化时间 10h、老化时间 12h、加水量 4 0～ 6 0mL。其中 ,晶化温度和加水量是影响结晶产物物理结构性能的主要因素。采用XRD、IR、N2 静态容量吸附法、DTA DTG等手段对结晶产物的晶态结构、比表面积及孔分布、热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明 ,以高岭土为原料可以原位合成出结晶度较高、无杂晶的NaY分子筛。所得分子筛比表面积较高 (42 0m2 /g) ,孔径分布集中 (集中在 0 .6nm) ,热稳定性好。     

汽相转移法合成不同硅源的MCM-22分子筛

采用汽相转移(VPT)法合成出结晶度较高的纯MCM-22分子筛,并首次将硅酸钠应用于VPT法合成MCM-22分子筛;合成过程模板剂和Na⁺ 用量与水热合成法相比明显减少。用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及BET比表面测定对产物作了表征,并重点对不同硅源对结晶产物的影响作了讨论.     

含钛电炉熔分渣制备4A分子筛及其吸附性能

以含钛电炉熔分渣提钛后的水浸液为原料,采用常压回流法和水热法分别合成了4A分子筛.在控制硅铝比(n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)摩尔比)为2的条件下,系统探讨了水钠比(n(H2O)/n(Na2O)摩尔比)、反应时间和温度对合成4A分子筛物相和微观形貌的影响.当控制水钠比为80且反应时间为8 h时,采用常压回流法可以制备出尺寸均一且结晶完全的4A分子筛;而采用水热法在120℃条件下,3 h即可制备得到形状规则的4A分子筛.另外,探讨了水热法不同反应温度条件下制备的分子筛对硫酸铜溶液吸附性能的影响.结果表明:反应温度为120℃条件下合成的4A分子筛对铜离子的吸附效率最高,在150 min时其吸附率可达70%.     

PO_4~(3-)/Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛合成及表征

通过液晶模板机理合成了Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛,并用磷酸浸渍法制备PO43-/Al-MCM-41.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附-脱附、红外光谱、Hammett指示剂胺滴定等方法对所合成样品进行了表征.XRD和N2吸附脱附研究结果表明.PO43-/Al-MCM-41具有较规则的孔道结构.平均孔径3.10 nm,比表面积为560 m2/g.酸量滴定分析表明,PO43-/Al-MCM-41具有较强的酸性.     

高纯相X型分子筛的水热合成与表征

目的 合成高纯相X型分子筛,并对其进行了相关表征.方法 在不引入有机胺模板剂的条件下,通过水热法合成了X型分子筛;考察了反应温度、反应时间对合成X型分子筛的影响,并利用XRD,SEM等技术对所得产物进行了相关表征.结果与结论 优化了X型分子筛的合成条件,最终在100℃下晶化4h,得到了相应产物;通过XRD,SEM等技术对其进行了相关表征,证明所得产物为高结晶度、高纯相的X型分子筛.该分子筛具有明显的异向生长的特点,呈现出大面积暴露（111）晶面的正八面体结构.     

水热处理的HZSM-5分子筛的孔结构及活性研究

采用X 射线衍射 (XRD)、红外光谱 (IR)、NH3 TPD、真空重量吸附、静态吸附容量法以及正己烷的裂化反应等方法系统地研究了不同温度下用 10 0 %水蒸气处理的HZSM 5分子筛 (硅铝比为 2 5 ,直接法合成 )的结构、酸性、吸附性能和催化裂化性能。研究结果表明 ,随着水热处理温度的升高 ,HZSM 5分子筛的结晶度虽有下降趋势 ,但变化不显著 ,水热处理温度对正己烷吸附量的影响也不大 ,这说明水热处理后HZSM 5分子筛的结构没有发生明显的变化 ;随着水热处理温度的升高 ,HZSM 5分子筛的比表面积减小 ,二次孔或中孔有增大趋势 ,酸中心数目减少 ,活性降低 ,但其活性稳定性却较高。     

安徽钾长石资源概况及共烧结工艺探讨

我国是个严重缺钾的国家,安徽省钾长石矿资源储量大、品位高,易采易选,是非金属矿产资源之一,但尚未很好开发利用.国内外钾长石提钾工艺非常成熟,但还存在不足之处,现以宁国钾长石矿为主要原料,采用共烧结工艺提钾,研究钾长石共烧结温度、时间及添加剂CaCl2用量对钾溶出率的影响,从而确定共烧结工艺的最佳参数,即m(CaCl2)∶m(钾长石矿)≥0.809∶1,时间≥30 min,温度≥800 ℃,钾长石中K2O溶出率可达95%.     

干胶-水蒸汽辅助晶化法合成多级孔ZSM-5分子筛

采用干胶-水蒸汽辅助晶化法,通过优化制备条件,合成了粒径约80 nm的表面多孔纳米球形ZSM-5.考察了结构导向剂质量分数、硅源、铝源、沉淀剂种类、晶核形成时间及老化温度对纳米ZSM-5晶体形貌的影响.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N_2物理吸附-脱附及透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对合成的分子筛进行了表征.结果表明:结构导向剂的质量分数、铝源的类型和晶核形成时间均能明显影响分子筛晶体形貌;结构导向剂质量分数的降低有助于提高ZSM-5微孔结构的长程有序性;优化合成条件可制备出具有约介孔2 nm、比表面积357.1 m~2/g、由80 nm的晶粒堆积形成的多级孔ZSM-5分子筛材料.     

高岭土为原料合成Y/MCM-41复合分子筛及其催化性能

以高岭土为原料,采用水热法合成了复合分子筛Y/MCM-41.采用X射线粉末衍射和氮气物理吸附等手段进行了表征,研究了各种因素对合成样品结构性能的影响,考察了该分子筛对苯酚与叔丁醇烷基化反应的催化性能.结果表明:120℃下水热反应24 h,成功合成了复合分子筛;复合分子筛具有介孔和微孔双重孔结构,比表面积为628.9 m2.g-1,平均孔径为2.73 nm;复合分子筛对苯酚与叔丁醇的烷基化反应具有良好的催化性能,最佳反应条件为n(叔丁醇)/n(苯酚)=2.0,空速为1.0 h-1,反应时间为1 h,反应温度为140℃,苯酚的转化率可达62.2%,4-叔丁基苯酚的选择性可达86.0%;反应温度对催化性能有明显影响,低温范围内升温有利于烷基化反应的进行,而温度过高时,脱烷基化反应为主要反应.     

乙醇-水体系中SAPO-5分子筛的合成与表征

目的合成SAPO-5分子筛,并对其结构进行表征。方法以三乙胺为模板剂,在乙醇-水体系中进行合成,考察了晶化时间、HF用量以及醇-水比例对合成SAPO-5分子筛的影响,并利用XRD,SEM,吡啶吸附FT-IR等技术对所得产物进行表征。结果合成了具有较高长径比(a/c)的SAPO-5分子筛。结论在醇-水体系中,在HF作用下,SAPO-5分子筛的结晶速度明显减缓;SAPO-5分子筛其长径比随醇-水比例改变发生明显变化,所得的SAPO-5分子筛产生了一定的BrΦnsted和Lewis酸中心。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.