用L—S藕合的蒙特—卡罗模型模拟复杂光谱

阐述了L—S耦合情况下的Monte—Carlo理论模型．在局域热动平衡条件下，用Monte—Carlo模型模拟Hf等离子体复杂光谱的部分光谱：类钇铪的光谱，其主要方法是：由统计方法计算出类钇铪等离子体的4d^3—d^26p束缚束缚跃迁的跃迁阵的谱线数目，从高斯分布中随机确定每条谱线的能量。再根据L—S耦合时能量与强度的关系来确定每条谱线的强度，从而模拟未分辨跃迁阵Hf^33 4d^3—d^26p的光谱线。     

用简化超跃迁阵模型分析铪等离子体光谱

阐述了束缚——束缚跃迁下的超跃迁阵(STA)理论模型的简化形式。在局域热动平衡条件下,采用简化后的超跃迁阵模型分析热密铪等离子体的光谱。给出了在温度T=0．3KeV,密度p=10．0g／cm^3时,铪等离子体中4d→5p的部分光谱。     

金等离子体辐射不透明度的计算

考虑到能级的精细结构，将谱线能级用类氢近似细分，改进了平均原子模型中束缚．束缚跃迁吸收系数的计算方法．用改进后的平均原子模型计算高Z元素Au等离子体在一定温度和密度下的辐射不透明度，计算结果表明该模型的计算结果比原平均原子模型更接近Monte-Carlo模型的计算结果，而且计算量比Monte-Carlo模型少得多．     

低温等离子体放电管中的电子能量的测估

通过检测放电光谱的相对强度,根据检测到的原子、离子的跃迁谱线,考察放电等离子体形成的途径,从而估算电子能量;或检测同一种元素的激发态原子与激发态离子的发射谱线的相对强度,在近似满足局部热平衡条件下,推广使用高温等离子体的电子温度诊断公式,来估算电子温度.通过上述两种方法,可了解电子的能量情况,对放电管可作出相应的评价,进而对放电管进行优化研究.     

极真空紫外波段Al离子发射光谱的分析和模拟

利用两台Nd:YAG激光器作用于放置在真空腔室中的铝靶,获得了Al等离子体的发射光谱,并对23~35nm波段范围内的光谱进行了理论分析.结果表明实验光谱中的分立谱线主要来自于Al 5+-Al 8+离子的2s-2p跃迁;同时利用碰撞辐射稳态模型计算分析了不同电荷态Al离子的离子丰度随电子温度、电子密度的演化关系;最后结合激发态粒子数布局满足归一化玻尔兹曼分布的假设,获得了不同等离子体参数条件下的理论光谱,通过与实验光谱的比较,确定了等离子体参数.     

激光产生的硫等离子体2s—2p光谱及分析模拟

利用双脉冲激光等离子体光谱技术测量了激光作用于高纯度硫靶产生的16~24nm波段的发射光谱,分析发现谱线主要来自Sq+(q=7,8,9,10)离子的2s—2p跃迁.基于稳态碰撞辐射模型和激发态离子数布局满足归一化玻尔兹曼分布的假设,计算了不同离化态硫离子在不同等离子体温度和电子密度下的布居数,在不同电子温度下模拟了等离子体光谱,并通过与实验光谱比较确定了等离子体参数.     

激光产生的Si等离子体的光谱分析

利用双脉冲激光等离子体光谱技术测量了激光烧蚀Si靶产生的极真空紫外波段等离子体光谱,通过标定发现,光谱中的分立谱线主要来自于Si 7+-Si 10+离子的2s-2p跃迁.基于稳态碰撞辐射模型和激发态粒子数布居满足归一化玻尔兹曼分布的假设,计算了不同电荷态Si离子的离子丰度随电子温度的变化关系,并给出了不同等离子体参数条件下的理论模拟光谱.通过与实验光谱的比较,确定了等离子体参数.     

类硅铑离子的3s23p23P1,2-3s3p35S2的跃迁谱线

用束箔法研究了类硅铑离子的3s^23p^23P1,2-3s3p35S2的禁戒跃迁谱线，谱线识别从已知基态精细结构的分裂，基于分支比的强度比，相似的衰减特性，离子束能量下的谱线预期值方面着手，识别后，通过对已知谱线的波长的等电子系列曲线插值或外推来获得用于较刻的谱线的波长，然后较刻出3s^23p^23P1,2-3s3p35S2这两条谱线。     

光谱法研究大气压氩气等离子体射流的气体温度

采用针-板介质阻挡放电结构的射流装置,在大气压空气环境下产生了氩气等离子体羽.通过采集外加电压、电流及发光信号发现,在电压正、负半周期各有一个电流脉冲.就电流峰值而言,正脉冲大于负脉冲.等离子体羽的发射光谱包含氩4p→4s跃迁谱线、氮分子第二正带系(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)、带头位于308.0 nm的OH转动谱线(A~2Σ~+→X~2Π)和777.4 nm的氧原子发射谱线.通过拟合N_2(C~3Π_u→B~3Π_g)和OH的转动光谱,可以获得等离子体羽的气体温度.研究发现,拟合N_2第二正带系得到的气体温度要高于拟合OH转动光谱得到的气体温度.分析表明,氩的亚稳态Ar(4s)能够将能量转移给基态N_2,使其跃迁到高转动能级的激发态(C~3Π_u).因此,这种传能导致具有高转动能级氮分子布居数的增加,进而导致利用其计算得到的气体温度相对较高.利用OH的转动谱带拟合计算了气体温度,并研究了气体温度随实验参数的变化.结果表明,增大峰值电压及气体流量导致气体温度升高,但增加驱动频率气体温度降低.     

银等离子体不透明度研究

用l分裂屏蔽氢离子模型计算了Ag等离子体在不同温度、密度范围内随光子能量变化的辐射不透明度，探讨了温度、密度对Ag等离子体辐射不透明度的影响，以及不同温度和密度条件下自由-自由、束缚-自由、束缚-束缚这3种跃迁过程对辐射不透明度的贡献．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…