城市生活垃圾风力分选效率研究

为了探索城市生活垃圾循环利用和处置,应用流体力学的基本原理,提出了城市生活垃圾风力分选流场的数学模型,并采用流体力学分析软件FLUENT进行数值模拟,发现影响风力分选效果的最主要的因素是城市生活垃圾各组分的密度和气流的流动速度.     

合肥工业大学校园生活垃圾现状调查与分析

文章对合肥工业大学校园生活垃圾的现状进行了调查和分析,对生活垃圾的组成成分、含水率及容重等参数进行了测定,同时估算了合肥工业大学校园生活垃圾日产量。结果表明合肥工业大学校园生活垃圾主要来源于教职员工与家属生活区,教学区与学生生活区的垃圾成分比较单一,垃圾组分随功能区的不同而不同,垃圾组分符合合肥工业大学作为一个事业单位的特征。     

餐厨垃圾单组分厌氧发酵产甲烷研究进展

由于餐厨垃圾中丰富的有机物、较好的可生化性,使得厌氧发酵成为目前处理餐厨垃圾最为有效的一种方式。但餐厨垃圾组分复杂,性质多变,不同的饮食结构也使得餐厨垃圾的性质不尽相同。研究餐厨垃圾代表性组分有助于探究不同组分餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵机理,真正实现资源最大化利用。     

城市生活垃圾中氯含量及氯种类的分析方法

采用元素分析仪、水洗萃取以及氧弹量热仪联合离子色谱法测定柏林生活垃圾中典型组分的氯含量及氯种类,预测天津城市生活垃圾中的氯含量和氯分布.研究结果表明:萃取法可以区分垃圾组分中的有机氯和无机氯,在检测有机垃圾时,与其他方法相比可测得更高的氯含量;元素分析仪能区分垃圾组分中的可燃氯与不可燃氯,除有机垃圾外测定氯含量较高;氧弹量热仪联合离子色谱法用于测定组分中总氯含量,获得的平均氯含量比另两种方法低15%～25%.垃圾中典型组分的氯含量变化范围很大,从废木的0.1%(干基,质量分数)到PVC的6.0%(干基,质量分数).对于低氯含量的组分(<0.3%,干基,质量分数),各种分析方法的系统差别可以忽略,但这种差别随氯含量的增加而增大.     

海南省松涛水库流域生活垃圾产生特征和现状

为了解海南省松涛水库流域生活垃圾的产量、组分特征和分布现状,对松涛水库流域白沙县雅叉镇和白沙农场生活垃圾清运量、回收率和清运率等进行了调查和采样分析,以及在农村典型的自然村设置生活垃圾收集设施,定时收集分析.结果表明:松涛水库流域城镇、农场、农村生活垃圾的人均产量分别为0.74、0.61、0.16 kg*d-1;生活垃圾平均回收率为10.15%,农村地区的回收率低于城镇;生活垃圾以易降解有机组分为主,玻璃组分含量较高,且不含有害固体废弃物.该研究将为松涛水库流域生活垃圾治理规划、综合利用和处理处置提供依据.     

太原市垃圾污染及其处理控制措施探讨

随着太原市经济的快速发展,城市垃圾增长速度加快,垃圾污染问题也日益加重.通过对太原市未来几年垃圾增量预测及垃圾处理现状调查与垃圾组分的分析,探讨了太原市城市垃圾处理的有效控制措施.     

旅客列车垃圾理化及污染特性调查分析

对旅客列车垃圾的理化特性进行了调查分析研究提出了旅客列车垃圾的规范取样方法,测定了垃圾的组成,分析了垃圾中Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｏ、Ｎ、Ｓ的含量,测定了垃圾的水分、可燃分及灰分含量的三组分构成及发热量,为探索旅客列车垃圾的减量化、无害化、资源化的技术途径提供了技术支持．     

高校垃圾分类回收的可行性研究

本文根据对徐州十余所高校生活垃圾成分的的实际调查,表明高校校园生活垃圾只含废纸、废塑料、废金属等几种组分。然后分析了在高校推行垃圾分类回收的可行性。并就如何在高校有效开展垃圾分类回收工作做了几点建议。     

生化-物化法处理渗滤液溶解性有机物光谱特征

为了研究垃圾渗滤液中溶解性有机物(DOM)在生化-物化组合工艺处理过程中的降解特性,采用XAD-8和XAD-4树脂将DOM分成五种组分,并结合紫外和荧光光谱对DOM及其组分降解变化进行探讨.研究表明,组合工艺能有效降低渗滤液中DOM,溶解性有机碳(DOC)去除率达99.64％,其各组分去除率在99.48％～99.73％...     

西藏拉萨市市区生活垃圾物理特性分析

随着经济快速发展和人口急剧增长,拉萨市区生活垃圾的产量也在大幅增加。生活垃圾的处理处置能力成为创建拉萨文明城市、卫生城市、环保模范城市的重要考核指标。在考核生活垃圾分类回收资源化的潜在价值方面,生活垃圾自身的组分特征成为重要基础参数。文章对拉萨市区生活垃圾日产量、容重、含水率及组分等物理特性方面进行了分析研究。研究发现,拉萨市区生活垃圾日产量为590t／d,容重达到300kg／ma,含水率为24．38％;垃圾样品物理组分为动物4．74％,植物15．71％（加起来为有机物,占20．45％）,灰、渣（无机物）22．83％,纸类为23．74％,橡塑占14．84％,纺织物占4．5％,玻璃占4．73％,金属占5．12％,木竹占2．76％,其他占1．03％。该结论为拉萨市区生活垃圾分类回收及垃圾处理工程技术提供技术参数,同时为西藏其他地区生活垃圾处理处置工程提供参考。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.