抗噬菌体产谷氨酸菌株的自然筛选

本文采用自然界直接分离法从不同来源土壤中筛选谷氨酸产生菌,经产酸测定、噬菌体抗性检查,筛选出25株抗噬菌体产谷氨酸菌株,其中有2株产酸率在3.0％以上。     

一株产谷氨酸菌株的复合诱变选育及突变株的生物学特性

对产谷氨酸的谷氨酸棒杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)进行以硫酸二乙酯(DES)和紫外线(UV)相结合的复合诱变,经选育得到一株高产突变株LG - 01.将其接种在含葡萄糖初始浓度为150.0 g/L,初始pH值为7.2～7.6的液体培养基中,于30℃下培养48 h后,其谷氨酸产量达到106.10 g/L,比原始菌株提高了25.74％(同等条件下,原始菌株的谷氨酸产量为84.38 g/L).对该突变株的产谷氨酸代谢特性进行研究,结果表明:其最适初始pH值为7.2,最佳培养温度为30 ℃,以葡萄糖为最佳碳源,其谷氨酸产量最高时相应的葡萄糖浓度为150.0 g/L,其某些生物学特性发生了改变,如延迟期变长,对数期的细胞生长能力较强,对底物的利用率比原始菌株约提高5％等.     

纳豆激酶产生菌的固体发酵参数优化

对影响纳豆激酶产生菌固体发酵时产酶影响因子如碳源/氮源、含水量、温度、pH和培养时间等进行了优化.实验结果表明,菌株1适宜的固体发酵产酶培养基豆粕:麸皮比为3∶1;菌株2适宜的固体发酵产酶培养基豆粕:麸皮比为1∶1时产酶活性最高;菌株1适宜的培养基含水以50%最好,菌株2以70%最好;培养基初始pH均在7.0时酶活最高;发酵温度均以25℃最好,不易超过30℃;两个菌株的适宜发酵时间分别为36 h(菌株1)和72 h(菌株2).在优化发酵条件下,两个菌株单位发酵物中纤溶酶平均酶活力可分别达到1 407.25 U/g(菌株1)和953 U/g(菌株2).     

克拉维酸高产菌的选育

在克拉维酸高产菌的选育过程中,应用解除终产物结构类似物作为选择压力,能有效地除去低效价菌株,提高高产菌株的检出率,较传统筛选法优越.试验表明,以带棒链霉菌Strep tomycesclavuligerusCCRC11518(效价为382.4×10-6g/mL)为出发菌,经紫外线诱变,筛选到一株抗20×10-3g/mL的舒巴坦钠突变株my51,my51菌株产克拉维酸的效价达到834.7×10-6g/mL,比出发菌提高了1.18倍.该菌株连续传代7代,克拉维酸的效价保持稳定.     

新疆罗布泊周边胀果甘草内生芽孢杆菌BLG-542产碱性纤维素酶最佳条件的研究

文章以罗布泊胀果甘草中分离出的78个菌株中初步筛选出7株产碱性纤维素酶的菌株为研究对象,进行产碱性纤维素酶最佳优化条件的研究.碱性的胀果甘草内生芽孢杆菌菌株接种于CMC-Na为碳源,复合蛋白胨为氮源的培养基中,分析研究菌株产碱性纤维素酶的最佳条件优化.通过从78株本实验室于2006年保藏的罗布泊胀果甘草内生菌中筛选出能产生胞外碱性纤维素酶的7株菌,其中酶活力最高的菌株为BLG-542.本研究主要以酶活力最高的菌株BLG-542为出发菌株进行研究.经过对产酶条件优化,获得了胀果甘草内生菌产碱性纤维素酶最佳配方培养基:D-木糖10g/L,复合蛋白胨10g/L,可溶性淀粉10g/L,酵母粉5g/L,K2 HPO4 1g/L,MgSO4 0.2g/L,NaCl 20g/L,Na2CO3 10g/L;实验产酶最佳接种量为6％,最佳培养温度为37℃,最佳培养时间为48h,产酶最佳PH为9.0;菌种生长最佳PH为7.6,经过优化产酶条件纤维素酶活力从优化前的3.8U/mL提高到6.26 U/mL,是优化之前的1.8倍;该研究表明特殊生态环境的植物内生菌与次生代谢产物、活性物质、酶类有密切的关系,环境除对内生菌酶的产生极其活性影响外,还影响着内生菌的次生代谢.该地区植物内生菌均有潜在的应用价值.     

2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸产生菌Ac9抗噬菌体菌株的选育

以2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸产生菌Ac9为出发菌株,采用紫外线诱变与添加噬菌体进行筛选相结合的方法,获得了两株抗性菌株Au4-2和Af3.在种子培养基中含有噬菌体的条件下,31℃,摇瓶培养24 h,抗性菌株Au4-2与Af3的菌体生长光密度值OD650×20分别为0.74,0.55.镜检显示菌体量多,呈短杆状;而对照菌株Ac9的菌体光密度值则为0.14,镜检显示菌体量少,呈球状.在发酵培养基中添加噬菌体的条件下,31℃,摇瓶培养72 h,抗性菌株Au4-2与Af3 产酸分别可达15.45 g/100 mL,14.55 g/100 mL;而对照菌株则几乎没有产酸.     

酪酸梭状芽孢杆菌发酵培养基的优化

验证了高层半固体琼脂试管法比固体琼脂平板法更具有良好的厌氧性能,能准确地对酪酸梭状芽孢杆菌进行活菌计数.通过对发酵培养基中不同碳源、氮源、生长因子进行单因素研究,L9(33)正交实验进一步优化得到最佳培养基组成为(g/L):胰蛋白胨10,葡萄糖8,酵母膏4.用此培养基在37℃培养24 h,活菌数可达4.1×108 mL–1.培养基中添加K2HPO4 5 g/L、MgSO4.7H2O 0.2 g/L、MnSO4.H2O 0.2 g/L、CaCO3 1 g/L培养32 h时,酪酸梭状芽孢杆菌芽孢转化率可达95%.     

沼泽红假单胞菌优化培养及检测方法的研究

目的和意义:研究培养基各组分的优化组合,提升活菌数;比较不同培养方法,探索简便有效菌落检测计数模式的建立.本实验研究有利于实际生产和应用中提升菌落培养和检测计数的效率,可为简便、快速的菌落检测计数模式的建立提供一定的理论依据.方法:采用L27(3)13正交表,对沼泽红假单胞菌所需的营养组分在一定的范围内进行优化试验,筛选出最佳组合的配方;分别采用三种培养方法(双层平板稀释涂法,平板稀释涂布法及半固体试管法)进行培养,比较试验检测计数的结果,确定出方便、快捷检测计数的培养方法.结果与结论:经优化实验研究得到能提升菌数的培养基配方为酵母膏0.4g,NH4Cl 0.3g/L,Na2HPO4 0.06g/L,CH3COONa 2.5g/L,Mgcl2 0.03g/L,微量元素液1.5ml/L,生长因子溶液1ml/L,pH 7.8+0.2.在此培养基配方情况下,双层平板平板法及半固体试管法培养方法能较显著提升菌落检测计数的准确度和效率.     

等离子诱变选育柠檬酸高产菌

黑曲霉TN09是1株柠檬酸生产菌株.为了进一步提高柠檬酸的生产水平,利用等离子对柠檬酸生产菌黑曲霉TN09进行了诱变.诱变后的孢子悬液涂布玉米液化液平板,35,℃培养至72,h测量透明圈直径,以酸解透明圈直径大于2.2,cm、菌落直径大于0.5,cm、其比值大于4.8的菌落作为初筛柠檬酸菌株,然后进行摇瓶复筛获得了1株遗传性能稳定的高产菌,与出发菌株(产酸12.46,g/dL)相比产酸增幅达到8.67%.     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌的筛选及培养条件优化研究

通过稀释涂板法和划线法,从河道污泥、花园土壤、鲈鱼肠道内分离筛选到5株产絮凝剂细菌,经过复筛,得到一株高效产絮凝剂菌株DK-1。其适宜培养条件为:乳糖20 g/L,尿素0.5 g/L,酵母膏0.5 g/L,K2HPO45 g/L,KH2PO42 g/L,NaCl 0.1 g/L,(NH4)2SO40.2 g/L,琼脂15~20 g,双蒸水1000 mL,pH值为7.5~9.5,装液量30~60mL/250 mL,摇床转速160 r/min,37℃培养48~72 h。其发酵液对高岭土悬液的絮凝率高于80%。该菌在3%~5%接种量条件下可获得最短2天的高效产絮凝剂周期,絮凝成分以多糖和蛋白质为主且具有较好的热稳定性,结果表明该菌具有重要的研究前景和应用价值。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.