玻璃包覆纯铜微丝的力学性能

以实验室制备的玻璃包覆纯铜微丝为研究对象,对玻璃包覆纯铜微丝及去除包覆层的纯铜芯丝进行了力学性能评价和断口形貌分析.结果表明:外径45μm、包覆层厚度7.5μm和外径27μm、包覆层厚度6.0μm的玻璃包覆纯铜微丝极限拉伸载荷分别为0.268N和0.237N;纯铜芯丝的拉伸应力应变曲线表现出较低的加工硬化率,屈服强度与抗拉强度比值在0.75以上;纯铜芯丝抗拉强度随直径的减小而增大;直径10μm芯丝的平均抗拉强度可达547.9MPa,延伸率约为2.5%;芯丝断裂模式为滑移延伸断裂.     

玻璃包覆Fe基非晶微丝制备及其微波电磁特性

采用Taylor-Ulitovsky方法制备了非晶态玻璃包覆Fe基微丝,合金芯直径为16 μm,玻璃包覆层厚度为3μm.利用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对非晶态玻璃包覆Fe基微丝进行了组织和结构分析,并采用微波网络矢量分析仪测量了试样的微波电磁参数,计算了样品在2～18 GHz的反射率曲线,结果显示在高频时玻璃包覆Fe基非晶微丝阻抗匹配性好,吸收率高.     

基于蛋白包覆金纳米簇的碱性蛋白酶荧光检测

设计开发了一种在碱性条件下由溶菌酶包覆合成并稳定的荧光金纳米簇,并利用它实现对碱性蛋白酶的快速灵敏检测.其检测原理是碱性蛋白酶将包覆和稳定金纳米簇的溶菌酶进行水解,造成金纳米簇的荧光下降.通过关联荧光下降程度与碱性蛋白酶浓度的关系,可实现对碱性蛋白酶的定量检测.考察了金纳米簇与碱性蛋白酶溶液体积比、反应温度和反应时间对检测灵敏性的影响规律.结果表明:在金纳米簇与碱性蛋白酶溶液体积比为1∶9、反应温度为40,℃、反应时间为3,h的条件下,检测效果最好;该检测方法的线性范围可达2~2,000,μg/m L(即酶活检测范围为4×10-5~0.04 unit/m L),检测限为0.1μg/m L(即酶活检测限为2×10-6 unit/m L),且检测的专一性较好,有望应用于实际检测.     

工艺参数对玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝尺寸、结构和力学性能的影响

以玻璃包覆Fe_(69)Co_(10)Si_8B_(13)合金微丝为研究对象,研究了拉丝速率及冷却条件对微丝尺寸、结构及力学性能的影响;分析了不同冷却条件下微丝的拉伸断裂机制. 结果表明:当拉丝速率由5m·min~(-1)增加到400m·min~(-1)时,微丝及芯丝直径分别由95.2μm和26.9μm减小到14.5μm和7.2μm;拉丝速率由50m·min~(-1)增加到400m·min~(-1)时,芯丝抗拉强度由1305MPa增大到5842MPa;冷却距离小于20mm时,微丝尺寸和抗拉强度均随冷却距离的增大而显著减小;冷却距离大于20mm时,冷却距离对微丝尺寸和抗拉强度的影响很小;采用水冷方式且拉丝速率大于5m·min~(-1)时所获得的微丝均为非晶态结构,而采用空冷方式制备的非晶态微丝的拉丝速率应大于或等于20m·min~(-1);芯丝的断裂方式为伴随不均匀塑性流变的脆性断裂,且脆性断裂倾向随冷却距离的增加而增大.     

包覆赤磷制备工艺及其热安定性研究

为了降低赤磷的吸湿性,提高其热安定性,该文采用氢氧化铝-密胺树脂包覆赤磷(MRP)。通过单因素实验优化了制备包覆赤磷的工艺,采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对包覆层进行了表征,用热重-差热分析法(TG-DTA)分析了包覆前后赤磷样品的热安定性。结果表明,制备包覆赤磷的最佳工艺参数为,九水合硝酸铝的质量为0.10 g,甲醛和三聚氰胺总质量为0.40 g、摩尔比为3∶1,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为1 h。在此工艺条件下,包覆赤磷(MRP)的吸湿率降幅最大,达到96.88%,且包覆物质量分数小于5%,包覆材料在赤磷表面的包覆状况良好。相比于未包覆赤磷,包覆后赤磷的外推起始温度、峰值温度和外推终点温度分别提高42.8℃、51.7℃和48.4℃;自发火温度提高58.8℃,表明包覆赤磷的热安定性大幅提高。     

脲醛树脂包覆双环戊二烯微胶囊的制备

以双环戊二烯为芯材,脲醛树脂为壁材,采用原位聚合法制备了脲醛树脂微胶囊。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热失重分析（TGA）、光学显微镜（OM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等对微胶囊进行了测试和表征。结果表明,所制备的微胶囊平均粒径为150μm,脲醛树脂囊壁的厚度为10μm,微胶囊分解温度为150℃,囊芯质量分数可达65%左右,且囊壁有良好的密封性。     

微胶囊包覆改善阻燃剂八溴醚热稳定性能

文章采用微胶囊包覆法提高阻燃剂八溴醚的热稳定性.包覆过程为:三聚氰胺与甲醛反应制得氨基树脂预聚物的囊壳材料;将囊芯八溴醚乳化分散到水相后,氨基树脂预聚物以原位聚合的方式在八溴醚粉体表面聚合成膜.X射线光电子能谱(XPS),红外光谱(FTIR)和透射电镜(TEM)等结构表征分析证明八溴醚已被完全包覆.原位微胶囊包覆将八溴醚的初始分解温度从160 ℃提高到了240 ℃以上.     

腐竹中乌洛托品的高效气相色谱检测技术

为了探讨研究腐竹等食品中乌洛托品的高效气相色谱检测方法,粉碎样品腐竹后,利用微波萃取仪以三氯甲烷为萃取剂充分萃取乌洛托品,然后浓缩移入离心管混匀离心,取其上清液进样.色谱条件:HP-5MS型毛细管柱30m×0.32mm,0.32μm;柱温条件为200℃;汽化室温度控制为200℃;进样方式:分流(分流体积比为30∶1),进样量为1.0μL;柱温程序:初始温度80℃,保持2min,以10℃/min的速率升温至185℃,保持10min;以体积分数99.995%的氮气为载气,流速控制为1.0mL/min.该种方法对乌洛托品的检出限为1mg/L,在线性范围内其线性相关系数为0.997 7.乌洛托品的回收率为104.02%,变异度为5.00%.该方法灵敏度高,选择性好,效能高,准确性好,所需试样少,应用范围广,快速方便,可以满足对腐竹中乌洛托品的分析要求.     

溶液雾化氧化法制备四氧化三钴粉末

针对溶液雾化氧化法制备四氧化三钴粉末过程,研究了工程实验条件下反应温度、雾化压力和氯化钴溶液流量等参数对钴氧化率、粉末粒度和粉末松装密度的影响.在反应温度750℃、氯化钴溶液质量浓度120 g.L-1、压缩空气压力0.23 MPa、氯化钴溶液压力0.15 MPa以及氯化钴溶液流量40 L.h-1条件下,制备的氧化钴再经750℃热处理2 h后,钴氧化率达到100%,钴质量分数为73.04%,松装密度为0.48 g.cm-3,平均粒径为7.61μm.工程实验研究结果表明溶液雾化氧化法可以高效快速制备高品质四氧化三钴粉末,过程简单、清洁,具有产业化应用前景.     

油层水配制压裂液研究及性能评价

以油层水为基液,羟丙基胍胶为增稠剂,有机硼为交联剂,生物酶为破胶剂,研究出适用于不同温度的低温地层压裂液配方.确定稠化剂羟丙基胍胶的质量分数为0.4%,交联剂质量分数为0.5%.随着地层温度的升高,破胶剂生物酶的加量减少,25℃最佳质量浓度为100 mg/L,温度升至40℃时,生物酶最佳质量浓度仅50 mg/L.40℃条件下,该压裂液体系在170 s-1剪切速率下剪切30 min保留黏度大于50 mPa.s,测得破胶液黏度小于5 mPa.s.破胶液残渣质量浓度为450mg/L,残渣粒径平均值为2.8μm,岩心基质渗透率损害率为22.6%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the