斜流式喷水推进器内部三维紊流流动的数值模拟与性能分析

应用数值模拟方法研究斜流式喷水推进器内部紊流流场,基于紊流流场计算分析了其特性.采用三维贴体坐标网格对计算区域进行剖分离散,选择k-ε双方程紊流模型,应用SIMPLEC数值方法计算内流场各流动参数,进而根据流场的计算结果预测了该推进器内部泵在不同工况下的性能.计算结果与实验结果进行了对比,二者有较好的一致性.     

连铸结晶器中三维紊流场的层流等效模型

在揭示了板坯连铸结晶器中三维紊流流场和紊流粘性系数分布规律的基础上，提出了分区选定有效粘性系数的层流等效模型，计算表明，所建立的模型可获得定量和定性上与Ｋ－ε两方程紊流模型基本一致的流场，但大大简化了计算，在计算精度基本上不降低的条件下，可大幅度降低计算成本，文章采用流动与温度场非耦合方法，将凝固壳内的区域作为流场计算域，考虑了凝固壳厚度分布对流场的影响，使该方法更为合理地用于连铸结晶器中流动与凝     

周隙密封紊流润滑研究

用先进的复合型紊流润滑理论研究流场复杂的周隙密封紊流润滑性能 ,提出了紊流润滑参数数据库的方法 ,解决了复合型紊流润滑理论求解复杂、繁琐的难点。研究表明 ,复合型紊流润滑理论能很好地描述周隙密封的润滑性能 ,数值计算结果与实验数据吻合     

阶梯溢流坝面流场的紊流数值模拟

为了详尽地研究阶梯溢流坝面的紊流流场特性，采用雷诺应力模型对阶梯溢流坝面上的流场进行紊流数值模拟，得到了阶梯坝面水流的速度场，压力场，紊动能和紊动耗散率的分布规律，并与实测值进行比较，结果令人满意。     

旋转三维紊流流场的数值分析

应用SIMPLEST方法和标准k-ε紊流模型对旋转直通道内的流场进行计算,给出了该旋转流场的速度矢量图及压力场,并将测量截面上的主流和二次流速度分布与实验值作了对比,结果吻合较好,对叶轮机械内的旋转流场的数值模拟有重要意义。     

轴流通风机出口紊流流场的实验研究

本文对某一型号的一类轴流通风机的出口紊流流场进行了测量,得出了风机出口流场紊流度的变化特性和紊流流场的波形图,根据实验结果的分析,指出了该类通风机的空气动力噪声源。     

回流流动及各向异性剪切紊流的数值模拟

本文对两类复杂紊流——存在回流区的单边突扩流动和强各向异性的剪切紊流进行了数值模拟．利用简化的紊流应力代数模型闭合紊流运动方程组进行计算，将计算结果与实测结果及k-ε紊流模型的计算结果作了比较．通过计算和对紊流模型进行结构分析可见，本文的模型能较好地模拟回流和紊流的各向异性特征，而k-ε模型不能．     

紊流条件下滑动轴承动特性研究

提出了一种流体动压润滑轴承的计算模型－采用以侧隙为准的雷诺数来表征整个流场的紊流影响效应。这种模型区别地曾被普遍采用的局部效应假设，具有理论上的完备性。还分析了影响动力特性计算精度的几个主要因素。指出在紊流状态下，动特性系数的迭代是正确计算轴承稳定极限转速值的关键。     

轴对称紊流射流流场数值模拟

选取标准的Ｋ－ｅ二方程模型及优选的紊模型系数，运用有限差分方法对淹没轴对称紊流射流流场进行数值计算。计算结果表明，射流轴心速度是逐渐服装厂物，其衰减规律和射流出口雷诺数无关，无因次等速长度约为４－５，和实验数据符合较好。     

锥形渐扩管内逆压梯度紊流场的数值仿真

用DLR（近壁低雷诺数）型k-ε紊流模型.BFC（边界拟合曲线坐标变换）法,对总扩散角为8°,扩散度为4的锥形渐扩管内充分发展的不可压粘性紊流进行数值仿真,研究不同数值入流边界条件对计算结果的影响以及整个流场主要流动参数的分布特性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.