井地电法的三维正反演研究

通过简化井地电法模型为垂直有限长线电流源作用下的三维地下介质模型,利用三维有限元法实现了垂直有限长线电流源作用下的三维地下介质电场的正演计算。应用非线性阻尼最小二乘迭代算法实现了地表电位数据的地下目标层电阻率反演,通过简化模型对相应计算程序进行了检验,证实了程序的可靠性。用给定模型正演得到的地表“理论合成数据”来反演地下异常体,并对数据测量范围和干扰水平对反演的影响进行了讨论。该研究可为提高井地电法反演质量提供部分理论指导依据。     

井地电法的三维正反演研究

通过简化井地电法模型为垂直有限长线电流源作用下的三维地下介质模型,利用三维有限元法实现了垂直有限长线电流源作用下的三维地下介质电场的正演计算。应用非线性阻尼最小二乘迭代算法实现了地表电位数据的地下目标层电阻率反演,通过简化模型对相应计算程序进行了检验,证实了程序的可靠性。用给定模型正演得到的地表"理论合成数据"来反演地下异常体,并对数据测量范围和干扰水平对反演的影响进行了讨论。该研究可为提高井地电法反演质量提供部分理论指导依据。     

高密度电阻率法在近地表隐伏断层检测中的应用

隐伏断层对于道路、地基等具有重大威胁,高密度电阻率法是以地层之间电阻率差异为基础的探测地下构造和电性异常体的一种间接性的地球物理方法,近年来,在近地表探测隐伏断层方面应用广泛。基于此,首先对断层模型进行正演模拟,研究了断层模型的响应规律,然后以山西某段公路隐伏断层检测为例,简要介绍了高密度电阻率法的基本原理以及常用的两种施工装置,即温纳四极装置(α)和单边三极装置,分析了两种施工装置的优缺点,以实测视电阻率剖面图和反演视电阻率剖面图进行对比研究,揭示了反演结果的优势,并在反演结果的基础上进行背景电阻率值的剔除,在断层产状判断及其影响区域划分上进行定量解释,验证了高密度电阻率法探测近地表隐伏断层的可行性,为后续施工提供了可靠的地质资料。     

基于深度学习的二维航空大地电磁数据反演

航空大地电磁法以其机动灵活、效率高等优点,适用于在地势崎岖的偏远环境中开展快速普查作业.目前,针对二维航空大地电磁数据的反演研究大多采用对目标函数求解偏导数的方式进行,这会造成反演结果对初始模型依赖高,且极易陷入局部极小值.为解决上述问题,首先从麦克斯韦频率域方程组出发,推导倾子响应计算公式.其次,采用有限单元法计算异常体地电模型倾子响应,并结合地下电阻率值标签,构建深度学习样本数据集,采用卷积神经网络顺利实现了二维航空大地电磁数据反演.最后,针对不同埋深的二维异常体地电模型,分别采用传统电磁反演和深度学习反演方法进行反演研究,对比分析了不同反演方法反演结果.结果表明,相较于传统电磁反演方法,采用深度学习反演方法进行二维航空电磁数据反演,反演速度更快,准确度更高.     

基于二维高密度电阻率勘探数据的三维反演及应用

针对目前高密度电阻率法所采用的数据处理方法主要是把地质结构体视为二度体进行二维处理,从而二维数据资料处理结果只是一种近似解释,其计算精度与反演效果达不到精确反演的要求,设计一种典型的地质体模型,利用有限单元法进行正演计算,对含有高斯随机误差的各测线二维正演数据分别进行高密度电阻率法二维、三维反演,对比二维和三维的反演结果.最后在广东某场地采用高密度电阻率法对岩层划分,利用二维勘探的数据进行二、三维反演.研究结果表明:三维反演受高斯随机误差的影响更小,反演结果与实际地质模型更接近;三维反演在岩层划分中更能凸显岩层分界面区域,岩层的空间分布及岩层、覆盖层的整体连续性能更真实地体现,与钻探结果吻合程度更好.     

磁化率对大地电磁响应影响异常规律研究

为探究地下介质的磁化率性质对大地电磁观测数据的影响,本文在常规大地电磁的正演过程中引入磁化率这一物性参数,利用有限单元法实现了同时考虑电阻率和磁化率的二维大地电磁正演算法。通过建立不同模型进行正演计算,详细分析了磁性体的磁化率值、背景电阻率值、埋深等参数对大地电磁正演结果的影响,总结出两种判定地下磁性体是否会对大地电磁数据产生影响的方法：若已知地下磁性体的规模,可根据磁性体的埋深与边长的比值系数判定;若未知地下磁性体的规模,可根据地磁测资料磁异常的幅值变化判定。     

利用高密度电法勘探盐边县格萨拉巨型滑坡堆积体

探讨盐边县格萨拉巨型滑坡堆积体的滑动面的位置和形态并分析滑坡稳定性进而为拟建高速公路路线设计提供有效的建议。采用高密度电法作为初步勘察阶段的滑坡勘探手段,建立不同采集装置的滑坡正演模型进行数值分析,初步了解拟勘探滑坡的视电阻率拟断面图并确定采集装置类型,结合地质调查结果,确定主要的反演参数,并根据反演结果修正正演模型进行对比判别。结果表明研究所用的反演参数效果较好,正演模型修正之后的视电阻率剖面与反演结果相匹配,使反演解译成果能够较好地反应出真实滑动面的位置和形态,且通过钻探得到了验证,计算结果表明该滑坡处于不稳定状态。最终,拟建高速公路的选线设计采纳了研究成果,对该巨型滑坡堆积体采取绕避措施,说明高速公路初步勘察阶段采用高密度电法作为巨型滑坡堆积体滑动面勘察的地球物理勘探手段是经济且高效的。     

高密度电阻率法探测煤矿采空区灾害的可行性研究

针对煤矿开采后遗留下大量未做处理的地下采空区可能引起地质灾害这个问题,本文首先介绍了高密度电阻率法的工作原理及电阻率三维有限元正演模拟的方法,通过建立采空区模型,进行正演模拟进一步说明了利用高密度电阻率法对煤矿地下采空区探测是行之有效的方法。     

基于全区视电阻率瞬变电磁一维正演中滤波系数的选取

为提高瞬变电磁正反演数值计算的效果和效率,选取合适的数值滤波系数是关键.通过建立参照模型,选用正演数值计算效果良好的3组汉克尔变换滤波系数和3组余弦变换滤波系数,对比分析了其不同组合正演的计算效率、精度和有效范围.利用瞬变响应的平移伸缩特性提出参数模型法,实现了针对实测数据的滤波系数选取的估算,经过反演测试,最终得出了基于全区视电阻率的最佳滤波系数组合.     

储层厚度和电阻率对海洋可控源电磁法的影响分析

随着海底油气资源勘探的进行,海洋可控源电磁法（CSEM）成为研究的热点。本文采用二维自适应有限元正演程序MARE2DCSEM,建立正演模型,模拟了不同厚度、电阻率对异常的影响。模拟结果表明：厚度一定时,MVO曲线和电阻率先成正比例,而在达到最大响应的收发距时则随之减少;电阻率相同时,厚度从小渐渐增大时,MVO曲线逐渐增大,在达到最大响应的收发距时则随之减小;储层厚度和电阻率变化是一个体积效应,当乘积相同时,归一化曲线差别很小,大约在2%左右,这为反演提供了理论依据。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to