改良遗传算法在图像多阈值分割中的应用

最大熵原则是图像阈值分割的一个重要方法、但是用此方法进行多阈值分割时，存在着计算开销巨大的问题．笔者在M．Srinivas的自适应遗传算法基础上提出一种改良的遗传算法，用于基于模糊最大熵图像多阈值分割，克服了此分割方法计算量大的问题．通过实验，比较了改良遗传算法和M．Srinivas自适应遗传算法及模拟退火算法，显示了改良遗传算法的有效性．     

遗传算法中的逐级进化策略研究

基于反馈控制原理，通过对遗传算法寻优规律的分析，提出了一种逐级进化策略．计算结果表明，该方法可有效地改善遗传算法的寻优性能．     

基于遗传算法PID控制器在张力控制中的应用

采用遗传算法进行PID参数的优化设计．根据控制任务的要求建立综合优化指标，在此基础上提出采用遗传算法进行PID参数优化的基本步骤，并具体以数字控制系统PID参数的优化为例进行了仿真计算．研究表明，对比传统的优化方法，遗传算法是一种十分有效的优化方法，遗传算法不要求优化对象的数学模型连续，而具有更宽的适用范围，同时遗传算法还具有较好的鲁棒性和稳定性．     

基于遗传算法的层合板结构的可靠性优化设计

采用遗传算法分析了存在初始缺陷的复合材料层合板的可靠性优化问题．优化设计时，以层合板结构的厚度最小为目标函数，以可靠度要求为约束条件．在可靠度分析中，取初始缺陷、强度参数、单元层的厚度为随机变量，采用一阶矩法和Tsai-Wu准则分析每个单元层的失效概率，系统失效概率的计算基于串联系统假定．通过比较遗传算法与序列二次规划法的计算结果，证实了遗传算法用于可靠性优化设计的有效性．     

遗传算法进化中积木块的识别和利用研究

提出了一种基于积木块识别的遗传算法，该算法通过对进化过程中的候选积木块进行识别与利用来加速搜索，从而避免遗传算法随机搜索的盲目性．利用经典的对称旅行商问题求解过程来测试各种识别方法，再利用积木块的识别结果改进原有遗传算法，包括改进积木块的识别率以及基于积木块的交叉、变异算子．与基本遗传算法的计算结果对比分析表明，所提算法可显著提高遗传算法的搜索效率，减小遗传算法随机搜索的波动性．     

一种改进的遗传算法在多峰值函数优化问题中的应用

针对标准遗传算法在处理多峰值函数优化问题中存在的收敛性问题，设计了一种自适应多位变异遗传算法．有效地解决了过早收敛、局部搜索能力差和全局收敛性问题．实例计算表明.改进后的遗传算法是有效和可行的．     

QoS路由技术的新方法

多约束QoS路由问题是NP完全问题，一般采用启发式算法求解。量子遗传算法和DNA计算技术是新型的软计算方法．是解决NP完全问题的有效途径。文章在介绍量子遗传算法和DNA计算基本原理的基础上．给出了利用量子遗传算法求解多约束QoS路由问题的算法过程以及利用DNA计算技术解决QoS路由问题的算法模型，为多约束QoS路由技术的求解提供了新方法和新思路。     

并行遗传算法研究

以伴随着遗传算法应用的深入开展，并行遗传算法（parallel genetic algorithms，PGA）及其实现的研究也变得十分的重要、一般来说，遗传算法中的适应度的计算最费时间，再加上需要不断产生新一代．而每一代又有若干个体，所以如何提高遗传算法的运行速度显得尤为突出．由于遗传算法的内在并行机制，其并行处理是很自然的解决途径．     

用并行遗传/Powell/蚁群混合算法求解卫星舱布局问题

卫星舱布局优化设计问题数学上属NP-hard问题．较有效的求解途径之一是研究混合算法，为此构造了并行混合PGA-Powell-蚁群算法（简称PGPAHA）．该算法以并行遗传算法为基本框架，根据各子群体收敛速率的快慢来决定它们之间迁移的时机，在收敛后期加入Powell法作为并行遗传算法的算子来加快收敛速度，并利用蚁群优化算法提高计算的精度．最后应用该算法求解了简化的三维带性能约束的国际商用通讯卫星的卫星舱布局设计问题，数值实验结果表明，该算法与并行遗传算法（PGA）相比，在计算精度、计算效率及计算稳定性方面较优。     

多个体参与交叉的遗传算法

提出了多个体参与交叉的遗传算法,即采取新的交叉算子使子代个体同时含有多个父代个体的模式．突破了以前遗传算法只有两个个体参与交叉的局限,通过调整参与交叉的父代个体数目和交叉后产生的后代个体数目,实际上提出了遗传算法调试中的两个新参数．通过调整新参数,使得遗传算法可能有更高的计算效率．证明了多个体参与交叉的遗传算法的模式定理．将方差与熵作为描述遗传算法解群多样性的工具．分析了多个体参与交叉的遗传算法对解群方差及熵的影响．通过一个算例验证了多个体参与交叉的遗传算法具有较高的计算效率     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.