新型微粒助留助滤剂的研发和应用机理研究

首次在我国研究开发出适合于造纸使用的改性膨润土。对比几种改性方法 ,发现碳酸钠 -有机盐混合改性的膨润土与CPAM联合使用可大大改善纸料的滤水性能和留着性能。研究其改性的最佳工艺及改性机理 ,并将碳酸钠 -有机盐混合改性的膨润土与进口膨润土的助留助滤效果进行对比表明 ,改性膨润土达到了国外同类产品的水平。系统研究了CPAM /膨润土微粒助留助滤体系的特征应用工艺及其电化学性能。发现CPAM/膨润土微粒助滤体系比CPAM体系更抗电解质干扰 ,在CPAM体系中 ,当NaCl浓度为 5 0mmol/L时已基本无滤水效果 ;而在CPAM /膨润土体系…     

聚乙烯胺在CaCO3加填造纸中的作用效果

探讨了在弱碱性条件下聚乙烯胺(PVAm)对CaCO3加填的芦苇浆和废纸浆的助留助滤效果．实验结果表明：PVAm在两种浆中都有非常显著的助滤．助留效果，且在芦苇浆中的助滤效果大于废纸浆．PVAm在芦苇浆中对纤维的助留效果不如废纸浆，但对CaCO3的助留效果高于废纸浆．     

高分子造纸助剂的设计及其作用机理Ⅲ.纸浆纤维电荷分布对N-Cl-PAM纸湿增强、助滤的影响

分析了漂白针叶木化学浆、针叶木机械浆、再生浆和漂白芦苇化学浆的总电荷、表面电荷量。讨论了它们对反应性聚丙烯酰胺纸张增强性能和助滤性能的影响。研究结果表明，浆的表面电荷越大，N－氯代聚丙烯酰胺呈现最大的纸湿增强效果和助滤效果所需的定着助剂PDADMAC的量也愈大。     

阳离子硅镁石助留助滤体系研究

本文研究了阳离子硅镁石作为造纸助留助滤剂的作用及影响因素。结果表明:单独使用时阳离子硅镁石微粒对CaCO3填料及细小组分具有一定的助留助滤作用,但对剪切作用敏感;而当与APMP组成阳离子硅镁石微粒/APMP复合体系时,则表现出良好的助留助滤作用,并且,对pH值的变化及剪切作用均不敏感。在本实验中,硅镁石微粒的最佳加入量为15%(相对于碳酸钙),APAM的最佳加入量为0.5%(相对于碳酸钙)。     

酸化水解-UBF-混凝沉淀处理工艺在造纸黑液中的应用

利用厌氧酸化水解一上流式污泥床过滤复合反应器-混疑沉淀处理工艺对苇浆、草浆等黑液进行厌氧分解过滤、加药混凝处理,从黑液中回收木质素,去除造纸黑液中的有机物,出水水质可以达到(GWPB-1999)《造纸工业水污染物排放标准》,从而为苇浆、草浆造纸黑液的综合处理开拓了重要途径。     

钻井液动滤失的实验研究

用自制的高温高压钻井液动滤失模拟装置对胜利油田渤深四井井浆进行了动滤失实验研究。实验发现,钻井液的动滤失与静滤失不同,静态下滤失形成的滤饼厚而虚,渗透率大;动态下滤失形成的滤饼薄而韧,渗透率小。剪切速率增加,井浆的平衡动滤失速率增大,其原因主要是高剪速下形成的滤饼明显变薄。压差增大,井浆的初滤失量增大,但平衡动滤失速率却基本不变,这是因为随压差增大,所形成滤饼的渗透率与厚度的比值相应减小。温度升高,井浆的平衡动滤失速率增加,在20～150℃范围内两者呈良好的指数关系。     

白水回用与纸张抄造性能的关系

研究了造纸过程网下白水不同回用次数的性能指标;白水回用时DCS累积与三元微粒助留助滤的效果关系.结果表明,随着白水回用次数的增加,白水各项性能指标降低、纸页指标降低、湿部化学助留助滤效果降低     

PFS联合CPAM处理印染废水的研究

主要采用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)联合絮凝剂聚合硫酸铁(PFS)对直接染料废水的脱色效果及COD去除率进行了处理及测定,并分别对PFS、CPAM单独使用的效果与CPAM联合PFS使用的效果进行了比较。实验结果表明:CPAM联合PFS使用的效果明显高于PFS、CPAM单独使用的效果。CPAM联合PFS使用时在室温条件下,废水pH=8时,PFS絮凝剂的投加量为100mg·L-1,CPAM助凝剂的投加量为5mg·L-1时,脱色效果是最佳的,脱色率可达95%以上,其COD的去除率是最好的,可达80%以上。     

利用功能化细小纤维改善高得率浆纤维的结合性能

采用功能化细小纤维改善高得率浆长纤维级分的结合性能,全面评价了高得率浆长纤维级分手抄片的抗张强度、松厚度和光散射系数.实验结果表明:经阳离子助剂功能化的细小纤维在有效提高高得率浆长纤维手抄纸页的结合性能的同时,可保持其较好的松厚度,且在一定用量范围内其具有良好的协同作用;当细小纤维用量为10%,、CPAM用量为0.7%,(相对于绝干浆)时,其所配制的功能化细小纤维的协同作用效果最佳.     

阴离子定着剂在废新闻纸造纸中的应用

研究了阴离子定着剂聚乙烯亚胺及其改性物在新闻纸浆中的应用，分析了其助留、助滤效果，并与硫酸铝、聚合氯化铝进行了比较。结果表明，聚乙烯亚胺及其改性物对阴离子的定着效果好于硫酸铝、聚合氯化铝。聚乙烯亚胺及其改性物能提高留着，加快滤水速度，但会导致纸张白度的下降；pH的变化对聚乙烯亚胺定着作用的影响较小，在中性条件下也能发挥好的定着效果。     

THE APPLICATION OF CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE AS DRAINAGE AND RETENTION AIDS

INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, with the rapid development of paper-making technology[1], such as improvement of pa-per-machine speed, extensive use of high yield and recycling pulp, and more closed white water systems, the environment of papermaking has changed greatly and this has brought many problems, Such as water temperature increasing and water quality becoming worse, large amount of fines in pulp, and more and more aninonic trash in pulp and water. These causes drainability of pulp a…     

固着剂助留剂协同控制纸浆溶解与胶体物质的机理

 将聚胺固着剂（PA）、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺助留剂（CPAM）单独以及协同处理旧新闻纸浆,采用聚焦光束反射测定仪（FBRM）考察浆料中残余胶体粒子的数量、尺寸和尺寸分布,探讨固着剂/助留剂协同控制纸浆中溶解与胶体物质（DCS）的效果和机理。结果表明,PA单独处理纸浆时,会产生部分不能固着于纸张纤维或不被纤维网络截留的粒子聚集体;CPAM单独处理纸浆时,其电荷容易被DCS中和,导致其减少纸浆胶体粒子数量的效果明显下降,但不产生粒子聚集体;PA/CPAM协同处理纸浆时,后续的CPAM处理能将PA预处理纸浆时产生的部分粒子聚集体进一步固着到纸张纤维上,达到更好地降低胶体粒子数量的效果,且不产生更大的粒子聚集体。     

APPLICATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIC MICROPARTICLES ON RETENTION AND DRAINAGE

1.INTRODUCTIONThe microparticles retention and drainage technologywas brought in 1980s. It brings striking effect whenused in wet-end in paper-making. The retention offines and fillings and the drainage of pulp improved alot, meanwhile, the evenness also improved. So, mi-croparticles retention and drainage system is the maindeveloping direction of retention and drainage aids on paper-making industry.All microparticles in microparticle system we use currently are inorganic anionic. It rea…     

钙离子与钠离子对浆料Zeta电位的影响

用氯化钙和氯化钠调节添加了不同化学助剂的去金属离子浆料电导率,用德国mütek 公司SZP-04型Zeta电位仪检测对比浆料Zeta电位的变化情况,探讨了Na+和Ca2+对浆料Zeta电位的不同影响,并应用Minitab软件对实验测得的结果进行量化分析。结果表明：无机盐离子使浆料Zeta电位绝对值下降,Ca2+对浆料Zeta电位绝对值的降低作用高于Na+。浆料Zeta电位（ζ）随浆料电导率（σ）以及浆料初始Zeta电位值（ζ0）的变化符合数学模型：ζ=-0.388+0988ζ0+0.202lnσ-ζ00.091lnσ（氯化钙调节电导率时）, ζ=-0.806+ 0.960ζ0-0.316lnσ-ζ00.102lnσ（氯化钠调节电导率时）。浆料Zeta电位在等电点附近时,CPAM的助留助滤性能最佳。与Na+相比,Ca2+更容易使造纸系统的Zeta电位值过高甚至达到正值,从而影响浆料的性能。     

阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺合成与表征

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂在污水处理方面发挥的作用越来越大,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺往往通过曼尼奇反应以两步法获得。文章在对聚丙烯酰胺进行阳离子化改性过程中,通过单因素优化法确定了一步法投料方式等最佳反应条件,并通过红外光谱测试其结构并进行了分析。     

APPLICATION OF BORON MODIFIED SILICA SOL ON RETENTION AND DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTIONRecently with the high speed, large-scale develop-ment of papermaking, in the manufacture of paper and paperboard conventional single and dual reten-tion and drainage systems cannot obtain satisfying re-tention and drainage. So in 1980 microparticulate systems appeared. Because of its superiority such as good retention effectiveness on fine and chemicals, improving drainage and paper formation, reducing waste water and enhancing the concentration of white water for good recover…     

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

INTRODUCTIONWith the rapid changing of papermaking technology, such as elevated paper-machine speed, increased use of twin-wire former, further closed water circuit and increased use of recycled fibers, highly efficient paper chemicals, such as different kinds of polyacrylamides (PAM), are applied more and more widely to meet the challenge. Therefore, more and more studies on the characteristics of PAMs have been found. The PAM products with different molecular weig…     

EFFECTS OF CRC SIMULACRUM MADE OF OLEIC ACID AND GLYCERIDE ON WET-END AND PAPER PROPERTIES OF NEWSPRONT

INTRODUCTIONMechanical pulp is the main furnish of newsprint. Unfortunately there are much more extractives in mechanical pulp than in other pulps such as Kraft. Extractives are often used to refer to the nonstructural components of wood and bark. Most extractives are organic solvents, including polyphenols, terpenoids, fats, waxes, organic acids, complex polysaccharides and nitrogenous compounds. The amount of extractives and their composition vary with respect to the botanical families…     

STUDY ON THE RETENTION MECHANISMS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

1INTRODUCTIONWith the development of paper industry, more and more paper chemicals are applied into the wet-end of papermaking. Understanding their different functional mechanisms could be of benefit to their applications. Since the main compositions of paper furnish, that is, fibers, fines and fillers, take negative charges and have large surface area, the functional mechanisms between the above-mentioned particles and the aids of retention and drainage mainly include "patch mechanism" an…     

水包水CPAM乳液的制备和结构形态表征

研究通过分散聚合法制备水包水聚丙烯酰胺乳液（CPAM）,结果表明,引发剂、单体和分散剂用量分别为0．05％、7．50％和1．25％时能得到较高特性粘度[η]的乳液;用IR、^1H—NMR和光学显微镜对CPAM的结构和形态进行表征．结果表明：聚合得到的聚合物为单体丙烯酰胺（AM）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）的...