GPS三维姿态测量技术的探究

利用GPS进行三维姿态测量是近年新发展起来的一门应用技术,具有无累计误差、无需对准、精度高、成本低、不受气候影响等优点。通过差分处理多个GPS天线接收的载波相位可以求得载体的三维姿态角。本文从GPS三维姿态测量基本原理、模糊度求解、载波相位差分测姿实验及误差分析等几个方面对该技术进行了研究。其中,对常规模糊度求解技术进行了重点探讨,首次将在模糊度函数法基础上把解析方法应用到载波相位双差观测求解中,利用结果来实现搜索域的确定。     

航天器高精度GPS导航定位技术研究

将GPS测量定位技术、求解卫星轨道摄动运动的Encke方法和广义Kalman滤波技术有机地结合在一起，提出了利用GPS实现低轨道航天器高精度自主导航定位的新方法——载波相位-伪距综合动态定轨技术，解决了GPS载波相位应用中动态解模糊和跳周修复的难题。以此为基础，提出了两个航天器之间的载波相位-伪距综合差分动态相对导航技术。数值仿真分析和半物理仿真实验结果表明，所提出的动态定轨技术是可行的，对提高GPS导航定位精度的效果是显著的，并且其模型、算法和软件具有工程实用性。     

GPS接收机对移动载体姿态测量方法的研究

本文主要论述了使用三个GPS接收机通过载波相位测量,对运动目标进行姿态测量的一种解算方法,同时介绍了模糊度的快速解算和多路径效应的削弱方法。     

一种GPS接收机的完整自检测和故障分离技术

载波相位测量是目前GPS测量中精度最高的观测量,利用载波相位求解的DGPS(RTK)的精度很高,是目前高精度要求的主要产品,利用载波相位的主要问题就是容易出现周跳.更好地解决周跳问题就可以大幅度地提高GPS接收机的性能.运用最小二乘法解出敏感残差距阵,利用相关系数检测并确定发生周跳的卫星,然后进行排除.得出的这种快捷的自检测和故障分离技术,经过试验验证准确高效,可以大幅度的提高RTK接收机的性能.     

基于高次差法与多项式法的GPS周跳探测与修复

在GPS数据处理中,整周跳变的探测与修复是GPS载波相位测量的核心问题之一.本文针对周跳产生的原因,以测量型GPS接收机接收的L1波段的载波相位观测数据为研究对象,MATLAB为实验平台,提出了利用高次差法来探测和修复大于2的大周跳,然后对比拉格朗H插值与切比雪夫拟合的方法来进行小周跳修复的组合算法.通过实验得出,该种...     

基于粒子滤波的姿态测量动态系统设计

利用GPS载波信号来确定载体的姿态是一种新的应用,介绍了一种利用粒子滤波和OpenGL的双天线GPS测姿系统,该系统具有结构简单、精度高、实时性强等特点。在测量航向和姿态的同时,也可以进行测速和定位,仿真表明使用粒子滤波的OpenGL动态显示系统不仅能够实时显示被测目标的姿态,还能得到相比直接法更为精确的测姿结果。     

基于组合载波相位的飞行器姿态确定

为解决全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)姿态测量中整周模糊度的快速求解问题,提出一种基于组合载波相位的短基线整周模糊度解算方法,利用单个历元的观测数据解算整周模糊度.根据多颗卫星的单频载波相位整周模糊度解算结果,应用最小二乘原理对基线向量进行精确求解,进而由基线向量确定出飞行器的姿态角.仿真结果表明,该模糊度解算方法在单个历元内至少能够解算出8颗卫星的载波相位整周模糊度,解决了GNSS动态测姿领域的一个关键性问题.测姿结果显示,偏航角和俯仰角的测量误差均小于0.2°.该研究成果可以为GNSS姿态测量系统在航空、航天等对实时性要求较高的领域中的应用创造条件.     

GPS高程测量的探讨

自从GPS系统的建立,测量领域得到了革命性的飞跃.与传统的手工测量手段相比,GPS技术有着巨大的优势,利用载波相位差分技术(RTK),在实时处理两个观测站的载波相位的基础上,可以达到厘米级的精度,并同时具有操作简便、仪器体积小便于携带、全天候操作、观测点之间无须通视、测量结果统一在WGS84坐标下及信息自动接收、存储、减少繁琐的中间处理环节等特点.当前,GPS技术已广泛应用于大地测量、资源勘查、地壳运动、地籍测量等领域.本文根据多年的实践经验,对GPS高程测量的原理和方法进行了初步的探讨,并结合我国GPS高程测量的应用的实际,提出解决GPS高程测量的有效方法.希望能对GPS测量工作有所裨益.     

渐进提高精度的载波相位测距技术

提出了一种静止、可视两目标之间基于载波相位高精度测距技术:第一步,借助GPS、伪随机码相位自主测距或超宽带等辅助测距手段得到一个距离粗测值和测量精度;第二步,基于已有距离粗测值和测量精度选择载波频率对,消除基于载波相位测距时引入的整周模糊度问题,然后基于载波相位双-单边测距技术,并借助伪码相位消除两目标上面载波相位观测时间差,得到一个精度更高的距离测量值;基于新得到的距离测量值和测量精度,重复第二步过程,渐进提高测距精度直到满足需要的精度为止。理论分析和现有工程技术实现表明,最终测距精度可达微米级。     

浅析地形、地籍的测量技术

GPS、RTK测量技术是建立在载波相位观测值基础上的实时动态定位系统,文章就利用这项新技术在地形和地籍测量中的应用情况做一介绍。同时,文章利用地理信息系统(GIS)对测绘地形、地籍以及生成土地证、房产证等一些图件进行说明,并作相应的转换处理,满足了地籍管理工作的需要。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the