碳纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料试验研究

采用轴向拉伸试验研究了碳纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料(TRC)的静力力学性能,试验工况考虑了配网率、短切钢纤维以及碳纤维织物上的预拉力3个因素.试验结果表明:没有掺加短切钢纤维的薄板,随着配网率的增加,碳纤维织物利用率降低,试验过程中纤维层与水泥基层逐渐分离,最终薄板发生剥离破坏;对碳纤维织物施加预拉力能使薄板的开裂应力提高,从而提高TRC构件的正常使用寿命;在薄板中掺入短切钢纤维有助于提高其界面性能,进而使薄板抗拉强度、极限应变均得以提高;与施加预拉力相比,掺入短切钢纤维对薄板力学性能的改善更加显著;对碳纤维织物施加预拉力的同时在薄板中掺入1%的短切钢纤维可显著提高碳纤维的利用率,薄板破坏时碳纤维被完全拉断.     

玄武岩纤维TRC板拉伸性能试验研究

采用短切钢纤维体积掺量为0%、0.8%、1.6%的3种精细混凝土基体分别制备玄武岩纤维TRC板,并对纤维编织网施加不同水平的预拉力,通过单轴拉伸试验,考察了各类TRC板试件的应力-应变关系和裂缝形态.试验结果表明:随着纤维编织网层数的增加,TRC板试件的开裂荷载减小,极限荷载和极限应变均增大,裂缝形态得到很大改善.随着纤维编织网上预拉力水平的增加,TRC板试件的开裂荷载增大,极限荷载并未产生明显变化,极限应变减小,裂缝逐渐表现出不良的形态.TRC板试件的拉伸性能与短切钢纤维掺量和预拉力水平均存在一定的相关性;当基体混凝土中掺加体积分数为1.6%的短切钢纤维且纤维编织网上施加的预拉力大小合适时,TRC板试件表现出相对较好的拉伸性能.     

碳纤维织物增强水泥砂浆板平面内抗剪性能

采用单点加载试验研究了碳纤维织物增强水泥砂浆(carbon textile reinforced mor-tar,CTRM)板的平面内抗剪性能,以碳纤维织物层数、钢纤维掺量两个因素对CTRM复合板力学性能进行研究.试验结果表明:随着织物层数的增加,试件的斜截面开裂荷载、极限荷载以及开裂前刚度和开裂后刚度都得到了明显的提高;提高钢纤维掺量可以有效提高试件的斜截面承载力,提高斜截面开裂荷载和极限荷载,并且可以有效改善碳纤维织物与水泥砂浆的界面性能,减轻织物与水泥砂浆的剥离破坏程度.最后,提出了CTRM板平面内抗剪承载力的计算方法.     

钢纤维混凝土复合层路面材料的力学性能

研究了钢纤维掺量为0～2.0%时对C40混凝土的力学性能的影响,并研究了最优配合比条件下不同组合尺寸的复合式混凝土的力学性能及经济性.结果表明:钢纤维混凝土的抗压强度随钢纤维掺量增加而增大,在钢纤维掺量为1.5%时,抗压强度提高27%,弯拉强度提高50%;钢纤维的掺入使混凝土的荷载位移关系由弹性变形破坏为主转变为弹塑性变形破坏形式,混凝土路面易脆性断裂的不良性能得到改善;钢纤维掺量为1.5%的钢纤维混凝土与普通混凝土按照1∶3的厚度比例组合成的两层式复合钢纤维混凝土具有良好的强度、抗变形性能和经济效益.     

超高性能海水海砂混凝土的组成设计与纤维增强增韧

基于单纯形重心设计法对超高性能海水海砂混凝土（ultra-high performance seawater sea-sand concrete, UHPSSC）进行了配合比设计优化,并研究了短切超高分子量聚乙烯（ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, UHMWPE）纤维和钢纤维对UHPSSC工作性能和力学性能的影响. 结果表明：在综合考虑UHPSSC的流动度、抗折强度和抗压强度的情况下,胶凝材料组成的最优配比确定为水泥、硅灰、粉煤灰的质量比为0.75∶0.15∶0.10. 随着短切纤维掺量的增加,UHPSSC的流动度逐渐降低,抗折强度、抗压强度和弯曲韧性均逐渐增加. UHMWPE纤维对UHPSSC流动度的影响程度更大,而钢纤维对力学性能的提升效果更明显. 随着UHMWPE纤维体积分数的增加,UHPSSC的弯曲破坏模式逐渐由脆性破坏转变为韧性破坏. 当UHMWPE纤维掺量为1.0%时,二次峰值荷载会高于初裂荷载. 此外,当同时混掺钢纤维和UHMWPE纤维时,UHPSSC的流动度略有下降,抗折强度、抗压强度及弯曲韧性均大幅提高. 本研究成果可为UHPSSC的设计和工程应用提供一定的参考.     

BFRP筋纤维混凝土梁抗弯试验

针对传统BFRP筋梁挠度、裂缝较大的特点,提出在BFRP筋梁中掺入短切玄武岩纤维,并完成了3种纤维体积掺量和3种配筋率下的BFRP筋纤维混凝土梁的抗弯试验。在BFRP筋梁中掺入短切玄武岩纤维,可提高梁的开裂荷载,当纤维体积掺量为0.4%时,其开裂荷载提高了60%;掺入短切玄武岩纤维对梁的极限承载力影响不大,极限承载力只随配筋率的增大而增大;掺入短切玄武岩纤维不能有效改善BFRP筋梁的挠度。     

玄武岩纤维增强路用混凝土力学与开裂性能

为了提高路用混凝土的韧性和抗裂性能,研究了玄武岩纤维掺量为0,1,3,6和10 kg/m3的碎石稳定基层混凝土和C30混凝土的工作性,抗压强度,断裂能及早期抗裂性能.试验结果表明:玄武岩纤维掺量增加,混凝土工作性下降,但可通过减水剂调整以保证其工作性.玄武岩纤维对混凝土增强效果不明显.混凝土中掺加玄武岩纤维,其峰值荷载和最大变形量均有所提高,当玄武岩纤维掺量大于6 kg/m3时,混凝土断裂能增加30%～100%.当玄武岩纤维掺量大于3kg/m3,混凝土开裂面积降低了30%～70%,混凝土抗裂性能显著提高.此外,SEM表明玄武岩纤维与水泥基体密切结合可以有效吸收混凝土中的拉应力,因而提高了混凝土的阻裂能力.     

PVA-FRCCs粘贴式薄板单轴直接拉伸试验研究

为了研究切口大小、水泥标号、粉煤灰掺量对聚乙烯醇纤维增强水泥基复合材料(简称PVA-FRCCs)拉伸力学特性的影响,采用矩形薄板试件,在试件端部用环氧树脂贴一层碳纤维布或者玻璃纤维布,然后粘贴上楔形钢板进行端部加固避免应力集中破坏;采用MTS疲劳试验机控制系统,利用等速位移控制,得到了稳定的拉伸应力-应变全曲线.通过比较切口和无切口直接拉伸试件在起裂荷载、峰值荷载及其对应的应变差异发现:切口较小时,差异不大,但切口较大时,起裂荷载和峰值荷载都降低,起裂荷载对应的应变变化不大,但峰值荷载对应的拉应变和抗拉韧性值A都增加.说明两边有较小切口时反而有利于多条裂缝开展,小切口并不影响裂缝的开裂形态,起始裂缝发生的位置和无切口试件相同,一般不出现在切口处,但当切口长度较大时,裂缝开裂形态受开口影响较大,起始裂缝一般出现在切口处.     

CFRC梁在三点弯曲荷载作用下电阻与CMOD关系

研究了不同碳纤维掺量的CFRC(碳纤维水泥基材料)梁在三点弯曲荷载作用下其电阻变化与CMOD(裂缝口张开位移)的关系.试验研究发现,峰值荷载前CFRC梁的电阻-CMOD曲线均出现明显的转折点.当碳纤维掺量为胶凝材料质量的0.1%时,电阻-CMOD曲线表现出三个不同的变化阶段,其中第一个转折点接近峰值荷载点.而碳纤维掺量达到胶凝材料质量的0.2%和0.3%时,电阻-CMOD曲线则呈现两个变化阶段,并且转折点随着碳纤维掺量的增加逐渐远离峰值荷载点.电阻-CMOD曲线的第二阶段为线性变化过程,其中碳纤维掺量为0.2%时,CFRC材料的灵敏系数最高.     

玻璃纤维对预混浇注GRC抗弯性能的影响

文章研究了预混浇注法工艺条件下短切玻璃纤维长度与掺量对GRC抗弯性能的影响.研究表明,当玻璃纤维掺量为水泥质量3%,长度为12~30 mm时,GRC均具有较高的抗弯强度.在预混浇注法工艺条件下,水胶比为0.5时,玻璃纤维对GRC抗弯强度贡献不显著,当玻璃纤维掺量达水泥质量的6%时,GRC抗弯强度明显上升;在一定掺量范围内,玻璃纤维掺量越高,GRC的峰值挠度越大,弯曲应力—挠度曲线下降段越平缓,GRC韧性破坏特征越明显.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.