PPP模式下大型体育场馆项目风险因素识别分析

由于PPP模式下大型体育场馆项目实施周期长、经济技术复杂等原因,导致项目实施过程中的不确定因素较多,所以项目的风险因素识别极易产生遗漏.本文通过对各种风险识别方法的比选,采用WBS-RBS方法对此类项目全寿期过程进行风险因素识别.而后,首先对大型体育场馆项目进行了WBS分解;在此基础上,对此类项目进行RBS分解,识别出此类项目的系统和非系统风险因素.最后,对识别出的风险因素进行释义,希望能够为此类项目的风险管理选择合适的方法提供依据.     

影响健康养老产业政府与社会资本合作（PPP）项目的关键风险因素研究

考虑到健康养老产业的政府与社会资本合作（ Public-Private Partnership, PPP）项目相较于其他种类的PPP项目对风险因素更为敏感,研究了健康养老产业PPP项目的关键风险因素,使用文献法、德尔菲法确定了8大类22个风险因素。并在此基础上针对项目运行过程中的关键风险因素,提出了针对性的解决意见。本研究具有一定的理论和实际意义。     

农业项目投资决策支持系统

根据对农业项目投资的研究,借鉴和参考国内外投资项目评价方法与决策理论研究成果和通行作法以及国家在此方面的有关规定,研究开发农业项目投资决策支持系统,是实现农业项目科学、客观、及时、准确决策,避免决策失误,降低投资风险,获得最佳投资效益的客观需要.分析了决策支持系统的基本构成、新发展及DSS在农业项目投资决策方面的应用优势.     

煤炭产业链延伸风险中的灾害链式效应

近年来,国内大型煤炭企业纷纷选择向下游延伸产业链,现已形成了煤焦化、煤电化、煤油化3条产业路径;但是,煤炭企业产业链延伸风险管理的现状不容乐观.煤炭企业产业链风险管理,实质是针对多项目的风险管理,对风险因素的发生呈现灾害链式效应的特征.对煤炭企业产业链延伸风险管理应从多项目管理角度进行阶段划分,按照项目组合、项目集和单一项目分层进行管理.项目组合风险管理可依循基本管理模式进行.在此基础上,针对煤炭企业在产业链延伸过程当中可能遇到的风险,提出了一般性对策,以有效地预防、识别、降低和规避煤炭产业链延伸的经营战略风险.     

中国煤层气产业战略效益影响因素分析

 煤层气产业战略效益是指煤层气产业发展对经济社会的整体贡献,本文从国家能源供需趋势和煤层气产业自身发展条件两个方面对其影响因素进行了讨论.影响中国煤层气产业发展及其战略效益的宏观因素包括经济状况、煤炭生产、洁净能源生产和环境保护三大方面,未来的经济状况是一个不确定因素,未来能源需求注定持续增长,发展新能源和低碳技术将刺激天然气(含煤层气)生产和消费大幅度增长.就细观层次而言,煤层气产量是产业战略效益的核心考量,受到煤层气资源条件及其探明程度、抽采方式与抽采技术、资金投入等因素的影响.中国的煤层气资源非常丰富,但资源探明程度低,煤层气地质条件复杂,既有战略效益释放的巨大空间,又对开发技术创新提出了更高的要求.抽采技术发展水平决定着煤层气产业战略效益可实现的程度,研发重点在于围绕提高煤层气地面单井产量和矿井抽采率两个核心,发展适用于各类地质条件的开发技术.煤层气开发前期投资大,投资风险高,资金回收期长,需从国家层面完善鼓励政策,构建多元化投融资平台.     

企业做大做强的风险控制策略

本文首先对目前较为流行的风险控制理论进行了简要述评,指出了其局限性,并在此基础上,通过对在不同的风险控制策略下企业相应的长期资产增长路径的描述,论证了只有通过严格控制风险,防范资产增长的大起大落,才是确保企业真正能够做大做强的有效投资途径的观点。     

基于WBS和RBS的项目动态风险分析

以项目风险分析理论为基础,结合建筑企业自身的特点,研究了基于工作分解结构和风险分解结构进行风险识别的基础上,运用系统工程思想和方法,对大型工程项目动态风险管理进行了探讨。     

中国产业结构优化的影响因素研究

合理的产业结构对于促进经济增长具有重要作用.优化产业结构可促进经济协调发展,提升经济实力;反之,则会阻碍经济增长.本论述在分析产业结构优化内涵的基础上,对三次产业的影响因素进行理论分析,在此基础上提出对策建议.     

农民增收的制约因素与关键措施--天水市解决"农民增收"的调查

农民增收是“三农“问题的核心.天水市农民收入增长缓慢的主要制约因素是:资源制约、产业制约、项目与投资制约、农民自身素质制约.要实现农民增收,主要应抓好项目建设、加快发展农业产业化经营、大力发展劳务经济、并为农民增收提供组织保障.     

农民增收的制约因素与关键措施——天水市解决“农民增收“的调查

农民增收是"三农"问题的核心.天水市农民收入增长缓慢的主要制约因素是:资源制约、产业制约、项目与投资制约、农民自身素质制约.要实现农民增收,主要应抓好项目建设、加快发展农业产业化经营、大力发展劳务经济、并为农民增收提供组织保障.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the