PP纤维接枝聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸钙蛋白质印迹水凝胶的制备

以PP纤维为载体,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模板,丙烯酰胺为单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,在海藻酸钠的存在下,采用紫外辐射引发,制备了PP纤维接枝BSA印迹聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸钙水凝胶(PP-g-PAM/CA MIP)。研究了单体浓度、交联剂浓度和海藻酸钠浓度对BSA吸附量和印迹效率的影响,结果表明,单体质量分数为10%,交联剂质量分数为3%,海藻酸钠质量分数为0.5%时,PP接枝的印迹水凝胶对BSA有最大吸附量。     

海藻酸钙包覆聚苯乙烯磺酸钠软胶囊去除废水中Cu2+和Cd2+

采用滴定-固化包裹法制备得到以海藻酸钙(Alg)为壳,内包聚苯乙烯磺酸钠溶液(PSSA)的椭球状软胶囊 (PSSA@Alg软胶囊),用其吸附溶液中的Cu(II)和Cd(II).结果表明: PSSA@ Alg 软胶囊对溶液中Cu(II)和Cd(II) 的吸附量随溶液 pH 升高而增大,吸附过程包括表面吸附和固态海藻酸钙壳内缓慢扩散, 符合拟二级动力学模型, 分别在约240,360 min时达到吸附平衡;等温吸附数据与Langmuir模型拟合良好,25 ℃ 条件下,PSSA@Alg软胶囊 对Cu(II)和Cd(II)的最大吸附量分别为143.92,193.64 mg·g^-1． 海藻酸钙上的羧基和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠上的磺酸基 团在重金属离子吸附过程中起重要作用．     

功能化聚丙烯酸酯乳液的表面改性及产物性能

丙烯酸酯单体添加量达到70%时,加入γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)与剩余单体发生共聚制备表面SiOH功能化聚丙烯酸酯乳液(PAES),产物与正硅酯乙酯(TEOS)发生溶胶-凝胶反应,制备PAES/SiO2杂合乳液.透射电镜分析显示,乳胶粒表面被一层无机硅覆盖.傅里叶变换红外光谱结果表明,KH570与丙...     

坡缕石/聚乙二醇/丙烯酸水凝胶的合成及性能测试

在水溶液中,以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,坡缕石(PGS)、聚乙二醇(PEG)和丙烯酸(AA)为原料,用辉光放电电解等离子体(GDEP)引发聚合技术一步制备坡缕石/聚乙二醇/丙烯酸(PGS/PEG/AA)水凝胶.对合成过程中GDEP的影响因素,如放电电压、放电时间进行了优化.探讨了水凝胶的溶胀动力学行为,研究了不同pH溶液、盐浓度对水凝胶胀率的影响以及反复吸液功能,初步测试了PGS/PEG/AA水凝胶对阳离子染料的吸附行为.结果表明,该水凝胶具有pH敏感性、盐敏感性和可逆溶胀-消溶胀行为,其对阳离子染料有较高的吸附量.     

壳聚糖-DMDAAC-AM辐射接枝水凝胶的吸水性能研究

以壳聚糖,丙烯酰胺(AM)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDACC)为原料,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联,采用γ射线辐照法制备了壳聚糖-DMDAAC-AM水凝胶.考察了壳聚糖-DMDAAC-AM水凝胶在蒸馏水、酸、碱溶液和0.9%Na Cl溶液中的吸水性能.结果表明,随着时间的延长,壳聚糖-DMDAAC-AM水凝胶的吸水率均增加;在酸性环境中,凝胶吸水率随p H增大而增大;在碱性环境中,凝胶吸水率随p H增大而减小;当凝胶达到吸附平衡后,凝胶在蒸馏水、酸溶液、0.9%Na Cl溶液、碱溶液中的吸水率依次减小.     

KH570-MMT改性蓖麻油基紫外光固化水性聚氨酯涂料的研究

本文通过分子结构设计,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、蓖麻油为主要原料,制备主链和端基均含不饱和双键的紫外光固化水性聚氨酯涂料,将其与硅烷偶联剂改性的有机蒙脱土混合,得到有机-无机纳米复合材料(KH570-MMT);采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、热重分析(TGA)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对产物进行表征,并考察有机蒙脱土添加量对涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:KH570-MMT的加入提高了复合涂膜的热稳定性,当KH570-MMT的添加量为5%(wt)时,热失重温度T5%由256℃提高到281℃;随着有机蒙脱土加入量的增加,涂膜的拉伸强度不断增大,断裂伸长率先增大后减小。     

胶体金标记牛血清白蛋白及其在电场中的迁移行为

采用柠檬酸钠还原法制备了不同粒径的胶体金,对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)进行标记,考察了胶体金标记BSA的影响因素.以琼脂糖凝胶为载体介质,研究了三种粒径的胶体金及其BSA复合物在电场中的迁移行为.结果表明,pH值、离子浓度、蛋白量都会影响胶体金对BSA的标记.标记的最适条件是:无盐或极低盐浓度,pH值5.8,蛋白加入量不小于最小稳定蛋白量.胶体金及其BSA复合物在特定电场中的迁移行为类似于火箭免疫电泳,其迁移速度随着金纳米粒子粒径的增大而减小;金纳米粒子与BSA结合后迁移速度减慢,BSA的加入量对复合物的迁移速度无影响.     

PEGDA水凝胶的光固化成形工艺及其性能评价

采用光固化成形技术制备三维结构软骨组织工程聚乙二醇双丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)水凝胶,并对其成形工艺参数进行对比研究.对聚乙二醇(400)双丙烯酸酯(PEG(400)DA)溶液光固化成形单条线及单层面的形貌尺寸进行测量,研究PEG(400) DA体积分数、激光扫描速度以及扫描线间距等参数对测量结果影响.对制备的PEGDA水凝胶成形尺寸、成分、吸水率、压缩弹性模量等进行评价,结果表明:随着曝光量以及φ(PEG(400) DA)的增加,水凝胶单条线的固化厚度与固化宽度均增加;随着激光扫描填充向量间距的增加,水凝胶单层面的固化厚度减小;随着φ(PEG(400) DA)的增加,固化后的水凝胶吸水率降低,压缩弹性模量增大.采用φ( PEG(400) DA)为30％的溶液,激光器功率为0.1W,扫描速度为1 800 mm/s,填充向量间距为0.15 mm,能够制备出定制化膝关节水凝胶软骨支架,其吸水率为191.67％,平均压缩弹性模量为0.75 MPa,满足软骨组织工程的需求.     

改性废旧硅橡胶复合绝缘子胶粉与三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)共混物的性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH570）和六亚甲基四胺/氯化铁/氯化亚铁混合物（混合改性剂）分别改性废旧硅橡胶复合绝缘子胶粉,利用衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱（ATR FT-IR）和热失重分析（TGA）表征了KH570改性废胶粉的效果,并将其掺入到三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）中制备共混物。研究了KH570和混合改性剂改性废胶粉对共混物硫化特性和力学性能的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜对共混物的断面形貌进行了分析,结果表明：经过KH570改性,成功在胶粉表面引入活性反应官能团;KH570和混合改性剂都是废旧硅橡胶复合绝缘子胶粉的有效改性剂,其中填充KH570改性胶粉的共混物在硫化性能和力学性能上均有显著提高,界面相容性也更好;随着废胶粉填充量的增大,共混物的力学性能下降。综合考虑共混物成本与性能关系,KH570改性胶粉的用量为10份时（以总橡胶质量为100份计）,共混物的综合力学性能最好。     

马来酸酐/丙烯酸水凝胶对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,采用水溶液聚合法制备P(MA-co-AA-co-AM)水凝胶,并考察不同因素对水凝胶吸附亚甲基蓝染料效果的影响.实验结果表明:当亚甲基蓝染料初始质量浓度为1g/L,吸附剂用量为1g/L,溶液pH=9,环境温度为20~25℃时,P(MA-co-AA-co-AM)水凝胶对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附效果最佳,最大吸附量为985.98mg/L,去除率达98.60%;水凝胶对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为符合准二级反应动力学方程和Langmuir吸附等温式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the